被动语态演示文档

.,Grammar passive voice 被动语态,.,一、被动语态构成 助动词be过去分词, 行为的发出者可由介词by发出。 Eg: Houses are built by builders.,二、被动语态和主动语态的转换 通常是将宾语变为主语，谓语动词变为被动式，主语变为介词的宾语，其他成分一般保留不变。 Eg: Builders build houses. 建筑个人盖房子。 Houses are built by builders. 房子是建筑个人盖的。,.,visit,The Great Wall,every year,Many tourists visit the Great Wall every year.,The Great Wall are visited every year.,.,build,The Great Wall,Qin Dynasty,Qinshihuang first built the Great Wall in Qin Dynasty.,The Great Wall was first built in Qin Dynasty.,.,The 29th Olympic Games have been held successfully in Beijing.,hold,29th Olympics,successfully,Beijing has held the 29th Olympics successfully.,.,build,Birds Nest,workers,The Birds Nest had been built before the 29th Olympics.,the workers had built the Birds Nest.,Before the 29th Olympic Games,.,The next Olympic Games will be held in London.,The people in London are doing a lot of preparation work.,A lot of preparation work is being done by the people in London.,.,WW PCwrist-worn/wearable PC,A wrist-worn PC has been invented recently.,A pen-like computer has already been developed.,.,主语是谓语动作的执行者,主语是谓语动作的承受者,一.语态的种类,主动语态：,被动语态：,注意：不及物动词没有被动,Great changes have taken place in China.A terrible accident happened early this morning.The Civil War broke out in 1946.,.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语（2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers. A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.,1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。 3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。,.,do/does,am/is/are done,V+ed,was/were done,will/shall do,am/is/are going to do,will/shall be done,am/is/are going to be done,have/has done,have/has been done,had done,had been done,am/is/are doing,am/is/are being done,was/were doing,was/were being done,二.各种时态的主动和被动语态的谓语动词形式,过去将来时,would/should do,would/should be done,.,1.某些感官系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义，如look, smell, taste, feel, sound等。e.g.1.The flower smells sweet. 花闻起来很香。e.g.2.The dish tastes delicious. 菜吃起来非常可口。e.g.3.The cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸着很柔软。,三.主动形式表被动的几种情况,.,2.某些及物动词加副词(well, badly, easily, smoothly）也可以表示被动意义，如wash, wear, write, sell, read, clean, tear等。e.g.1.This type of record sells well. 这种型号的录音机销路很好。e.g.2.That kind of shirt washes very well. 这种衬衫很经洗。e.g.3.This paper tears easily. 这种纸容易撕破。,.,3. want need require e.g.1.The coat requires mending. 大衣需要补了。 e.g.2.My hair wants cutting. 我的头发该剪了。 e.g.3.The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照看。,+,doingto be done,to be mended,to be cut,to be looked after,.,4. be worth doing =be worthy of being done to be done e.g. 这本书值得一读。 The book is worth reading. worthy of being read. to be done.,.,5. 主 + be + adj. + to do. 用主动 e.g.1.The fish is not fit to eat. 这种鱼不适于食用。 e.g.2.This kind of man is hard to work with. 这种人很难共事。 e.g.3.The passage is difficult to read. 这篇文章很难读懂。,.,注意:,1. 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。如: 误 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正 Such a man has hardly been believed.,.,2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： 误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.,.,3但许多不及物动词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物 动词，也可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。如：The child has been taken good care of by Mrs. Wang all these years.A notice has been put up on the wall.,.,Multiple Choice:,1. ( ) If the work _,you can go and play games. A. finished B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished,2. ( ) It was raining heavily outside, the children were made _ in the classroom.,4. ( ) To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw,5. ( ) I like my bike. It _ very well. A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden,D,B,B,A,3. ( ) Kate _ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.,A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing,A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed,C,.,6. ( ) I wont come to the party unless Tom _, too. You mean if Tom comes ,youll come.,8. ( ) The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while he was away.,D,B,A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited,7. ( ) That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost,A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened,.,9. ( ) I saw you were on foot this morning.,Yes. My bike _.,A. is mending B. is being mended,C. is mended D. is being mending,B,D,.,10. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up11. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building,B,A,.,12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out,B,C,A,D,.,16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to17. - What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This page needed _ again.A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked 20. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do it. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,.,接不带to的不定式短语做宾语补足语的动词， 如：see, hear, observe, make, have等。若变为被动语态， 不定式前要加to 。,He was heard to groan（呻吟）.She was seen to enter the building when the crime was committed.These regulations ( 规则) were made to protect children.,.,课堂练习（一）改写句子1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year.2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday.3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner.4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him.5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow.6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,A picture is being drawn,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,.,7. I have given you the new book. _ to you.8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her bag.9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you?10. She doesnt let her son swim in the river. _ in the river by her.11. The bridge was being built by them at this time last year. _ the bridge at this time last year.12. Does she often sing the song? _ by her?,The new book has been given,She cannot find,Is she often heard to sing,Her son isnt let to swim,They were building,Is the song often sung,.,13. Tom is writing a letter. 14. He was reading a book at this time yesterday. 15. They a