4950.12v、8w单片开关电源模块的设计

目录一、单片开关电源设计概述1二、高频变压器的设计21、开关电源的基本参数确定22、初级电流波形参数的确定23、变压器初级绕组参数设计44、变压器次级绕组参数设计65、电压极限参数的设计7三、数据表、电路图8四、总结11五、参考文献121一、单片开关电源设计概述单片开关电源不仅在整机电路设计、高频变压器设计、反馈电路、保护电路和关键元器件的选择方面有许多独到之处，而且特别适合用计算机来完成整个开关电源的设计工作，这已成为国际电源领域的一项新技术。单片开关电源有两种基本工作模式,如图11所示一种是连续模式CUM（CONTINUOUSMODE）如图（A），另一种是不连续模式，如图（B）。A1A2A3A2A5A0A4A6A7A8A9A10A11A12A13由图可见，在连续模式下，初级电流是从一定幅度开始的，然后上升到峰值，再G17817G17907G3250G19658。G1866开关电流波形G2588G7811形。这表G7138在连续模式下，由G1122G1660G4396在高频变压器的G14033G18339在G8611个开关G2620G7411G1881G5194G7422G1852G18108G18334G6930G6493，G3252G8504下一个开关G2620G7411G1867有一个初始G14033G18339。G18331用连续模式可G1955G4579初级峰值电流G44G51和有G6940值电流G44G53G48G54，G19489G1314G14467片的初级开关G2163G13803。G1306连续模式G16213G8726G3698G3835初级电G5875G18339G47G51，这G1262G4560G14280高频变压器的G1319G12227G3698G3835。G13520上所述，连续模式适用G1122G2163G10587G17751G4579的G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75和G4622G4556G17751G3835的高频变压器。G3不连续模式的开关电流是从G19658开始上升到峰值，再G19489G14279G19658的。这G4613G5859G2631G11540G1660G4396在高频变压器G1025的G14033G18339G5529G20047在G8611个开关G2620G7411G1881完G1852G18334G6930G6493，G1866开关电流波形G2588三G16294形。不连续模式下的G44G51、G44G53G48G54值G17751G3835，G1306所G19668G16213的G47G51G17751G4579。G3252G8504，G4439适合G1122G18331用G17767G1998G2163G10587G17751G3835的G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75，G18209G4622G4556G17751G4579的高频变压器。G3单片开关电源反馈电路的四种基本G12879G3423G3G3（G20）基本反馈电路G727G3G3（G21）G6925G17839G3423基本反馈电路G727G3G3（G22）G18209G12295压G12661的G1821G13818反馈电路G727G3G3（G23）G18209G55G47G23G22G20的G1821G13818反馈电路。G3G32二、高频变压器的设计1、开关电源的基本参数确定（G20）G7693据表G21G17G20，G1144流G17767G1849电压G7380G4579值G56G80G76G81G32G27G24G57。G3G3（G21）G7693据表G21G17G20，G1144流G17767G1849电压G7380G3835值G56G80G68G91G32G21G25G24G57。G3G3表G21G17G20G7693据G1144流G17767G1849电压G14551G3272确定G56G80G76G81、G56G80G68G91值G3G3（G22）电G13605频G10587G73A14G24G19G43G93G3G3（G23）开关频G10587G73G20G19G19G78G43G93。G3G3（G24）G17767G1998电压G56A15（G57）G20G21G57。G3G3（G25）G17767G1998G2163G10587G51A15（G58）G27G58。G3G3（G26）电源G6940G10587G168G3G27G19G705G3G3（G27）G6451G13803G3252数G61G3G19G17G24。G3G32、初级电流波形参数的确定（G20）G7693据表G21G17G21，选择G18209G12295压G12661的G1821G13818反馈电路G15反馈电压G56A16A17G32G20G21G57。G3表G21G17G21G3反馈电路的G12879G3423G2462G56G41G37参数值G3反馈电路G12879G3423G3G3G56A16A17（G57）G3G56A18的G1946确度（G705）G3G54A19（G705）G3G54A20（G705）G3基本反馈电路G3G3G24G17G26G3G3G20G19G3G3G20G17G24G3G3G24G3G3G6925G17839G3423基本反馈电路G3G3G21G26G17G26G3G3G24G3G3G20G17G24G3G3G21G17G24G3G3G18209G12295压G12661的G1821G13818反馈电路G3G3G20G21G3G3G24G3G3G19G17G24G3G3G20G3G3G18209G55G47G23G22G20的G1821G13818反馈电路G3G3G20G21G3G3G20G3G3G19G17G21G3G3G19G17G21G3G3（G21）G7693据G56G32G20G21G57、G51A18G32G27G58来确定G17767G1849滤波电容CA20A21、G3直流G17767G1849电压G7380G4579值G56A22A23A22A24G3G3G1144流G17767G1849电压G56（G57）G3G56G80G76G81G57G3G56G80G68G91G57G3固定G17767G1849G20G19G19/G20G20G24G3G3G27G24G3G3G20G22G21G3G3通用G17767G1849G27G24G21G25G24G3G3G27G24G3G3G21G25G24G3G3固定G17767G1849G21G22G19G20G24G705G3G209G24G3G3G21G25G24G3G33A、令整流桥的响应时间G87A25G32G22G80S。G3G3G37、G7693据表G21G17G22G1025，CA20A21G32G21G22）G51A18G32G21G22）G27G32G20G25G21G23。G3（取G21G19）G3C、G7693据表G21G17G22G1025G15得到G56A22A23A22A24G329G19。G3G3表G21G17G22G3确定CA20A21、G56A22A23A22A24的值G3G1144流G17767G1849电压G56（G57）G3G3G51A18（G58）G3比例系数（G41/G58）G3CA20A21G41G3G3G56A22A23A22A24G57G3固定G17767G1849G20G19G19/G20G20G24G3G3已知G3G3G21G22G3G3G21G22）G51G50G39G19G3G3通用G17767G1849G27G24G21G25G24G3G3已知G3G3G21G22G3G3G21G22）G51G50G39G19G3G3固定G17767G1849G21G22G19G20G24G705G3已知G3G3G20G3G3G20G51G50G3G3G21G23G19G3G3（G22）G3G7693据表G21G17G23G1025查G1998G56A18A26G32G20G22G24G57、G56A17G32G21G19G19G57。G3G3表G21G17G23G3确定G56A18A26、G56A17值G3G56（G57）G3G3G56A18A26G57G3G56A17G57G3固定G17767G1849G20G19G19/G20G20G24G3G3G25G19G3G39G19G3G3通用G17767G1849G27G24G21G25G24G3G3G20G22G24G3G3G21G19G19G3G3固定G17767G1849G21G22G19G20G24G705G3G3G20G22G24G3G3G21G19G19G3G3（G23）G7693据G56A22A23A22A24G329G19G57、G56A27A28A29A18A21A30G32G20G19G57和G56A18A26G32G20G22G24G57来确定G7380G3835占空比DG80G68G91G3G3G3G3G3G3G3MAXMIN10062ORORDSONUDUUIUG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G21G20）G3（G24）G3G7693据表G21G17G24，取KA26A31G32G19G17G23G3G3表G21G17G24G3确定KA26A31G3G3G3G3G3（G25）初级波形参数G3G56（G57）G3G3KG53G51G3G3G7380G4579值（连续模式）G3G7380G3835值（不连续模式）G3固定G17767G1849G20G19G19/G20G20G24G3G3G19G17G23G3G3G20G17G19G3G3通用G17767G1849G27G24G21G25G24G3G3G19G17G23G3G3G20G17G19G3G3固定G17767G1849G21G22G19G20G24G705G3G19G17G25G3G3G20G17G19G3G34A、G17767G1849电流的平均值G3G44A32A19A33G32G51A34/G168G56G76A23A22A24G32G27/G19G17G279G19G32G19G17G20G20AG3G37、初级峰值电MAX01102210510504062AVGPRPIIAKDG3C、初级脉动电流G44A26G32KA26A31G44A31G32G3G19G17G23G19G17G21G21G32G19G17G19G27G27AG3D、初级有G6940值电流G3G3G3G32MAX13RPRMSPRPKIIDKG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G21G21）G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3204022062790413G32G19G17G20G27AG3G3（G26）G7693据电子数据表格和所G19668G44A31G32G19G17G21G21A值，选择G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75G14467片G3G3A、所选极限电流G7380G4579值G44A35A20A36A20A37A38A23A22A24A39应满足G3G19G179G44G47A20A36A20A37A38A23A22A24A39G44A31G32G19G17G21G21AG3G3（G27）计算G14467片的结温G55A40G3G3A、计算结温22JRMSXTMAXORADSON1TIRCUIUFR2G21G24G3G37、计算过程G1025若发现G55A40G20G19G19，应选G2163G10587G17751G3835的G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75G14467片。G3（9）验算G44A31G3G17767G1849新的KA26A31值且从G7380G4579值开始迭代，直到G3KA26A31G32G20G17G19。G3G33、变压器初级绕组参数设计（G20）计算初级电G5875G1833960211012PRPPRPZPLKIKFG3G3G3G3（公式G22G20）G3G3262505108081080408022041102G3G32G24G27G20G19G179G24（G43）。G3G35（G21）选择磁G14467与骨架G5194确定相关参数G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3当8OPWG3时可供选择的铁氧G1319磁心G3423号，用常规漆包线绕制G3G3423号EEG21G19G3423磁心G3有G6940截面G12227（G54J）9G272MMG3有G6940磁路长度（L）G23G26G17G20G80G80G3等G6940电G5875（AG47）21700/HNG3骨架宽度（B）G27G17G23G22G80G80G3G3（G22）设定初级层数D和次级匝数NG54的初始值G3G3设定DG32G21层。当G56G32G27G24G57G21G25G24G57时取NG54G32G19G17G25匝，G56A41G32G20G21G57，G56A42A43G32G19G17G23G57G3次级匝数为NA44G32G56A45G56A42A43G19G17G25G32G20G21G19G17G23G19G17G25G32G26G17G23G23匝G3G3（取G27匝）G3（G23）计算初级匝数113588711204ORPSOFUNNUU取G27G26匝G3（公式G22G21）（G24）计算反馈绕组匝数21120788191204FBFFSOFUUNNUU（取G27匝（G25）G7693据初级层数DG32G21、骨架宽度BG32G27G17G23G22和安G1852边距G48G32G22G3有G6940骨架宽度BEG32DBG21G48G80G80G32G21G27G17G23G21G21G22G32G23G17G27G25G80G80G3初级G4560线的外径（带绝缘层）A46/486/870056PMEPDBNMM扣除漆皮后裸G4560线的G1881径DA47A48G32G19G17G19G23G25G80G80。G3G3（G26）验证初级G4560线的电流密度J是否满足初级有G6940值电流G44A49A50A44G32G19G17G20G27AG3条件G32222128198012801810888127100000464254RMSPMPMRMSIJDDIPI2/AMMG36G3252为JG20G19A/G80G80G21，所以选G17751粗的G4560线和G17751G3835的磁G14467骨架，使JG19G17G22G55，所以G19668G3698加磁G14467的横截面G12227或G3698加初级匝数，使G37G48在G19G17G21G19G17G22G55G14551G3272之G1881。G3G3（9）计算磁G14467的气隙宽度G3G3G54A51G329G272MM，NA47G32G27G26匝，G47A47G32G24G27G20G19G179G24G43G15AA52G32G20G26G19G19G43匝214010001000PJPLNSLAPIG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G22G23）G3G3G326668714098101000581095101000170010PIG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G316MMG19G17G19G24G20G80G80G3（G20G19）计算留有气隙时磁G14467的等G6940电G5875G3G47A47G32G24G27G20G19G179G24G43，NA47G32G27G26匝G3222P581095077/N87PLGLAUHNG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G22G24）G34、变压器次级绕组参数设计（G20）计算次级峰值电流G44G54G51G3（G44A53G32G19G17G26G23A，NA53G32G24G23匝，NA54G32G24）G3S87022239N8PSPPNIIAG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G23G20）G3（G21）计算次级有G6940值电流G44A54A55A56A54G3G44A54A53G32G21G17G229A，DG80G68G91G32G25G21G705，KA55A53G32G19G17G23G32MAX113RPSRMSSPRPKIIDKG37G3G320423910620411193AG3（G22）计算G17767G1998滤波电容上的纹波电流G44G53G44G44A54A55A56A54G32G21G17G229AG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3/8/12067OOOIPUWVAG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G32210119067086RSRMSIIIAG3（G23）G7380后计算次级裸G4560线直径（G44A54A55A56A54G32G21G17G229A，JG32G20G19G27G17G272/AMM）G31191131130121088SRMSSMIDMMJG3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3（公式G23G21）G35、电压极限参数的设计（G20）次级整流G12661、反馈电路整流G12661的G7380高反向峰值电压G56A57A58A59A60A61、G56A57A58A59A60A62A58可知OUG32G20G21G57，G56G76A63A64A65G3G32G21G25G24G57，SNG32G27匝，PNG32G27G26匝，FBUG32G20G21G57，FNG32G27匝。G381226536487SBRSOIMAXPNUUUVNG381226536487FBRFBFBIMAXPNUUUVNG38三、数据表、电路图表31数据表G3AG3G3G37G3G3CG3G3DG3G3EG3G3G41G3G3G20G3G17767G1849G3G3G1025间G3过程G3G3G17767G1998G3G3单位G3参数说G7138G3G3G21G3参数G3G3数据G3保留G3数据G3G3计算G3结果G3G3G3G3G20G21G57、G20G24G58开关电源G3G3G22G3G56G80G76G81G3G3G27G24G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3G1144流G17767G1849电压G7380G4579值G3G3G23G3G56G80G68G91G3G3G21G25G24G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3G1144流G17767G1849电压G7380G3835值G3G3G24G3G73G47G3G3G24G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G43G93G3G3电G13605频G10587G3G3G25G3G73G3G3G20G19G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G78G43G93G3G3开关频G10587G3G3G26G3G56G50G3G3G20G21G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3直流G17767G1998电压G3G3G27G3G51G50G3G3G27G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G58G3G3G17767G1998G2163G10587G3G39G3G168G3G3G27G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G705G3G3电源G6940G10587G3G3G20G19G3G61G3G3G19G17G24G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G6451G13803分G18209系数G3G3G20G20G3G56G41G37G3G3G20G21G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3反馈电压G3G3G20G21G3G87G70G3G3G22G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G80SG3G3整流桥响应时间G3G3G20G22G3CG44NG3G3G21G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G41G3G3G17767G1849滤波电容G3G3G20G23G3G17767G1849G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75的变G18339G3G3G3G3G3G20G24G3G56G50G53G3G3G20G22G24G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3初级绕组的G5875应电压G3G3G20G25G3G56DG54G50NG3G20G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3G55G50G51G54G90G76G87G70G75的漏源G4560通电压G3G3G20G26G3G56G41G20G3G3G19G17G23G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3次级肖特基整流G12661正向压G19489G3G3G20G27G3G56G41G21G3G3G19G17G26G3G3G3G3G3G57G3G3反馈电路G1025高G17907开关整流G12661正向压G19489G3G209G3KG53G51G3G3G19G17G23G3G3G3G3G3G705G3G3初级脉动电流G44G53与峰值电流G44G51的比例系数G3G3G21G19G3G17767G1849高频变压器的结构参数G3G3G3G3G21G20G3G3G3EEG21G19G3G3G3G3G3G3G3铁氧G1319磁G14467G3423号G3G3G21G21G3G54JG3G3G19G179G27G3G3G3G3G3G70G80G21G3G3磁G14467有G6940横截面G12227G3G3G21G22G3LG3G3G23G17G26G20G3G3G3G3G3G70G80G3G3有G6940磁路长度G3G39G21G23G3AG47G3G3G20G17G26G3G3G3G3G3G43/匝G3G3磁G14467不留间隙时的等G6940电G5875G3G3G21G24G3BG3G3G27G17G23G22G3G3G3G3G3G80G80G3G3骨架宽度G3G3G21G25G3G48G3G3G22G3G3G3G3G3G3G80G80G3G3安G1852边距（安G1852边G11040宽度）G3G3G21G26G3DG3G3G21G3G3G3G3G3G3层G3G3初级绕组层数G3G3G21G27G3NG54G3G3G27G3G3G3G3G3G3匝G3G3次级匝数G3G3G219G3直流G17767G1849电压参数G3G3G3G3G22G19G3G56G76G80G76G81G3G3G3G3G3G3G27G25G3G3G57G3G3直流G17767G1849电压G7380G4579值G3G3G22G20G3G56G76G80G68G91G3G3G3G3G3G3G21G25G24G3G3G57G3G3直流G17767G1849电压G7380G3835值G3G3G22G21G3初级电流波形参数G3G3G3G3G22G22G3DG80G68G91G3G3G3G3G3G3G25G21G3G3G705G3G3G7380G3835占空比（G4557应G1122G88G80G76G81时）G3G3G22G23G3G44AG57G42G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G20G20G3G3AG3G3G17767G1849电流的平均值G3G3G22G24G3G44G51G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G21G21G3G3AG3G3初级峰值电流G3G3G22G25G3G44G53G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G19G27G27G3G3AG3G3初级脉动电流G3G3G22G26G3G44G53G48G54G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G20G27G3G3AG3G3初级有G6940值电流G3G3G22G27G3变压器初级设计参数G3G3G3G3G229G3G47G51G3G3G3G3G3G3G24G27G20G19G179G24G3G43G3G3初级电G5875G18339G3G3G23G20G3NG51G3G3G3G3G3G3G27G26G3G3匝G3G3初级绕组匝数G3G3G23G20G3NG41G3G3G3G3G3G3G27G3G3匝G3G3反馈绕组线数G3G3G23G21G3AG47G42G3G3G3G3G19G17G26G26G3G3G3G3G43/匝G3G3磁G14467留间隙后的等G6940电G5875G3G3G23G22G3G37G48G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G714G21G24G3G3G55G3G3G7380G3835磁通密度（G37G48G32G19G17G21G19G17G22G55）G3G3G23G23G3G37ACG3G3G3G3G19G17G199G249G3G3G3G55G3G3磁G14467G6451G13803G1144流磁通密度（峰G450峰值G19G17G24）G3G3G23G24G3G3G3G3G3G3G3G20G25G3G3G80G80G3G3磁G14467的气隙宽度（G19G17G19G24G20G80G80）G3G3G23G25G3DG51G48G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G19G24G25G3G3G80G80G3G3初级G4560线的G7380G3835外径（带绝缘层）G3G3G23G26G3G72G3G3G3G3G19G17G19G24G3G3G3G3G80G80G3G3G1284计的绝缘层总G2414度（G2414度G21）G3G3G23G27G3DG51G80G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G19G23G25G3G3G80G80G3G3初级G4560线的裸线直径G3G3G239G3公制线径G3G3G3G3G3G3G450G19G17G20G21G3G80G80G3G3初级G4560线规格G3G3G24G19G3G54G51G3G3G3G3G19G17G19G24G20G25G3G3G3G80G80G21G3G3初级G4560线的横截面G12227G3G310G24G20G3JG3G3G3G3G3G3G20G19G27G17G27G3G3A/G80G80G21G3电流密度JG32G23G20G19A/G80G80G21G3G3G24G21G3变压器次级设计参数G3G3G3G3G24G22G3G44G54G51G3G3G3G3G3G3G21G17G229G3AG3G3次级峰值电流G3G3G24G23G3G44G54G53G48G54G3G3G3G3G3G3G20G17G209G3G3AG3G3次级有G6940值电流G3G3G24G24G3G44G50G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G25G26G3AG3G3直流G17767G1998电流G3G3G24G25G3G44G53G44G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G17G27G25G3G3AG3G3G17767G1998滤波电容上的纹波电流G3G3G24G26G3公制线径G3G3G3G3G3G3G450G19G179G19G19G3G80G80G3G3次级G4560线规格G3G3G24G27G3DG54G80G3G3G3G3G3G3G19G179G20G3G3G80G80G3G3次级G4560线G7380G4579直径（裸线）G3G3G249G3DG54G48G3G3G3G3G3G3G20G17G259G3G3G80G80G3G3次级G4560线G7380G3835直径（带绝缘层）G3G3G25G19G3电压极限参数G3G3G3G3G25G20G3G56DG80G68G91G3G3G3G3G3G3G24G26G22G3G3G57G3G3G7380高漏极电压G1284算值（包G6336漏G5875的作用）G3G3G25G21G3G56G37G53G54G3G3G3G3G3G22G25G17G23G3G3G57G3G3次级整流G12661G7380高反向峰值电压G3G3G25G22G3G56G37G53G41G37G3G3G3G3G3G22G25G17G23G3G3G57G3G3反馈电路整流G12661的G7380高反向峰值电压G3A6631A67A68A6611四、总结通过G8504次G16850程设计是G6117G4557电G2159电子特别是G4557单片开关电源的高频变压器有G1114G7368加G9157G2063的G1114G16311，G1866G1025用到G1114许多以G2081G1082本上的知G16