基于单片机的数字电压表设计 论文

A22006届本科毕业设计基于单片机的数字电压表设计姓名系别物理与信息工程系专业电子信息工程学号指导教师2006年4月12日A3基于单片机的数字电压表摘要本文介绍一种基于89S52单片机的一种电压测量电路,该电路采用ICL7135高精度、双积分A/D转换电路，测量范围直流02000伏，使用LCD液晶模块显示，可以与PC机进行串行通信。正文着重给出了软硬件系统的各部分电路，介绍了双积分电路的原理，89S52的特点，ICL7135的功能和应用，LCD1601的功能和应用。该电路设计新颖、功能强大、可扩展性强。关键词电压测量，ICL7135，双积分A/D转换器，1601液晶模块ABSTRACTTHEINTRODUCTIONOFACOSTBASED89S52MCUAVOLTAGEMEASUREMENTCIRCUITS,THECIRCUITSUSEDICL7135HIGHPRECISION,DUALSCORINGA/DCONVERSIONCIRCUITS,MEASURINGSCOPEDC02000VOLTS,THEUSEOFLCDTHATCANBECARRIEDOUTWITHAPCSERIALCOMMUNICATIONSG17THEPAPERFOCUSESONPROVIDINGASOFTWAREANDHARDWARESG92STEMCOMPONENTSCIRCUIT,INTRODUCEDDOUBLEINTEGRALCIRCUITTHEORG92,89S52FEATURESICL7135FUNCTIONSANDAPPLICATIONS,LCD1601FUNCTIONSANDAPPLICATIONSG17THECIRCUITDESIGNINNOVATIVE,POWERFUL,CANBEEG91PANSIONARG92STRONGG17KEYWORDSDIGITALG57OLTMETERICL7135LCD160189S521前言G6980G4395电压G15932G708DIGITALG57OLTMETERG709G12628G12228DG57M，G4439G7171采用G6980G4395G2282测量G6228G7427，G6238G17842G13505的模G6323量G708直流G17767G1849电压G709转换G6116G993G17842G13505、G12175G6967的G6980G4395G5430G5347G5194G2164以显示的G1214G15932。G1268统的G6363G19036G5347电压G15932功能单一、精度G1314，G993能G9397G17287G6980G4395G2282G7114G1207的G19668G8726，采用单片机的G6980G4395电压G15932，G11013精度高、G6251G5190G6212能G2159强，可扩展性强、G19610G6116G7053G1427，G17836可与PC进行G4466G7114通信。G11458G2081，G11013各种单片A/D转换器G7512G6116的G6980G4395电压G15932，G5062G15999G5203G8879用于电G4388G2462电G5049测量、G5049G1006G14270G2172G2282G1214G15932、G14270G2172测G16809系统G12573G7246能G2282测量G20058G3507，示出强大的G10995G2641G2159。与G8504G2528G7114，G11013DG57M扩展G13792G6116的各种通用G2462G999用G6980G4395G1214器G1214G15932，G1075G6238电量G2462G19762电量测量G6228G7427G6564高G2052G4865新G8712G5191。本G12468重点介绍单片A/D转换器以G2462G11013G4439G1216G7512G6116的基于单片机的G6980G4395电压G15932的G5049G1328原理。A4输入电路A/D转换89S52单片机LCD显示通讯模块2系统原理及基本框图G3926G32822G171G6164示，模G6323电压G13475G17819G7735G1313G2011换G2052G993G2528的分压电路G15940G1955G2530，G13475G19560G12175G5190G6212G17877G2052A/D转换器进行A/D转换，G9994G2530G17877G2052单片机G1025进行G6980G6466G3800理。G3800理G2530的G6980G6466G17877G2052LCDG1025显示，G2528G7114通G17819串行通G16771与G990G1313机通信。G32822G171系统基本G7053G7706G32823硬件设计31输入电路G32823G171G171量G12255G2011换G5332G1863G32823G171G172G15940G1955G17767G1849电路G17767G1849电路的G1328用G7171G6238G993G2528量G12255的G15999测的电压G16280范G2052A/D转换器G6164G16213G8726的电压G1552。G7246能G2282G6980G4395电压G15932G6164采用的单片双积分G3423ADCG14467片ICL7135，G4439G16213G8726G17767G1849电压02G57。本G1214G15932设计G717101000G57电压，G9801G6947度高G6164以可以G993G2164G2081G13634G6930大器，G2494G19668G15940G1955器，G3926G32823G171G172G6164示9M、900G46、90G46、和10G46电G19471G7512G61161/10、1/100、1/1000的G15940G1955器。G15940G1955G17767G1849电路可G11013G5332G1863G7481G17885G6333G993G2528的G15940G1955G10587，G1186G13792G2011换G7735G1313。G1038了能G16765CPUG14270G2172识别G7735G1313，G17836G16213有G32823G171G171的硬件G17842接。32A/D转换电路A/D转换器的转换精度对测量电路极其重G16213，G4439的参G6980G1863系G2052测量电路性A5能。本设计采用双积A/D转换器，G4439的性能比较稳定，转换精度高，具有很高的G6251G5190G6212能G2159，电路结G7512G12628单，其缺点G7171G5049G1328速度较G1314。在对转换精度G16213G8726较高，G13792对转换速度G16213G8726G993高的场合G3926电压测量有G5203G8879的应用。321双积A/D转换器的工作原理G32823G172G171G171双积A/D转换器G3926G3282G6164示对G17767G1849模G6323电压和基准电压进行两次积分，先对G17767G1849模G6323电压进行积分，将其变换G6116与G17767G1849模G6323电压G6116正比的G7114间间G19560T1，再利用计G6980器测出G8504G7114间间G19560，则计G6980器G6164计的G6980G4395量就正比于G17767G1849的模G6323电压；接着对基准电压进行G2528样的G3800理。在常用的A/D转换G14467片G708G3926ADC0809、ICL7135、ICL7109G12573G709G1025，ICL7135与其余几种有G6164G993G2528，G4439G7171一种四G1313半的双积分A/D转换器，具有精度高G708精度相当于14G1313二进制G6980G709、价格G1314廉、G6251G5190G6212能G2159强G12573优点。本文介绍用单片机G5194行G7053G5347采G19610ICL7135的G6980G6466以G4466现单片机电压G15932和小G3423G7246能G1214G15932的设计G7053案。G32823G172G171G172双积A/D转换器的波G5430G3282A63217135的应用7135G7171采用CMOSG5049艺制G1328的单片4G1313半A/D转换器，其G6164转换的G6980G4395G1552以多G5049扫描的G7053G5347G17767出，G2494G16213附G2164译码器，G6980码显示器，驱G2172器G2462电G19471电容G12573元件，就可组G6116一个G9397量G12255G10382G57的G6980G4395电压G15932。7135主G16213特点G3926下双积G3423A/D转换器，转换速度慢。在每次A/D转换G2081，内部电路都G14270G2172进行调零操G1328，可保证零点在常温下的长期稳定。在20000G4395G7082G57G9397量G12255G709范围内，保证转换精度1G4395相当于14BITA/D转换器。具有G14270G2172极性转换功能。能在但极性参考电压下对双极性模G6323G17767G1849电压进行A/D转换，模G6323电压的范围G103801G179999G57。模G6323出G1849可以G7171差G2172信号，G17767G1849电G19471极高，G17767G1849电流典G3423G15521PA。G6164有G17767出端和TTL电路相容。有G17819量G12255G708ORG709和欠量G12255G708URG709标志信号G17767出，可用G1328G14270G2172量G12255转换的控制信号。G17767出G1038G2172态扫描BCD码。对外G6564供六个G17767G1849,G17767出控制信号R/H,BUSH,ST,POL,OR,UR,因G8504除用于G6980G4395电压G15932外,G17836能与异步接收/发G17877器,微G3800理器或其G4439控制电路G17842接使用。采用28外引线双列直插G5347封装，外引线功能端排列G3926G3282G6164示。7135G6980G4395部分G6980G4395部分主G16213G11013计G6980器、锁存器、多路G5332G1863G2462控制G17935G17765电路G12573组G6116。7135一次A/D转换G2620期分G1038四个G19466G85851、G14270G2172调零G708AG61G709；2、G15999测电压积分G708IG49TG709；3、基准电压G2465积分G708DG40G709；4、积分G3250零G708G61IG709。具G1319内部转换G17819G12255G17837G18336G993G1582G12089G13466介绍，主G16213介绍引G14062的使用。R/HG70825G14062G709当R/HG32G2561G257G708该端G5760G12366G7114G1038G2561G257G709G7114，7135G3800于G17842G13505转换G10378态，每40002个G7114G19059G2620期G4448G6116一次A/D转换。G14521R/HG11013G2561G257变G2560G257，则3G172G171G171ICL7135引G14062G3282A77135在G4448G6116本次A/D转换G2530进G1849保G6357G10378态，G8504G7114G17767出G1038G7380G2530一次转换结G7536，G993G2475G17767G1849电压变G2282的G5445G2721。因G8504利用R/H端的功能可以使G6980G6466有保G6357功能。G14521G6238R/H端用G1328G2563G2172功能G7114，G2494G16213在该端G17767G1849一个正G14045G1926G708G4497度G305300NSG709，转换器就G1186AG61G19466G8585G5332G3999进行A/D转换。G8892G5859G12544一次转换G2620期G1025的AG61G19466G8585G7114间G1038900110001个G7114G19059G14045G1926，G17837G7171G11013于G2563G2172G14045G1926和内部计G6980器G10378态G993G2528步G17908G6116的。/STG70826G14062G709每次A/D转换G2620期结G7475G2530，ST端都G17767出5个G17139G14045G1926，其G17767出G7114间对应在每个G2620期G5332G3999G7114的5个G1313G17885信号正G14045G1926的G1025间，STG17139G14045G1926G4497度G12573于1/2G7114G19059G2620期。G12544一个STG17139G14045G1926在G990次转换G2620期结G7475G2530101个G7114G19059G2620期G1147G10995。因G1038每个G17885信号G708D5D1G709的正G14045G1926G4497度G1038200个G7114G19059G2620期G708G2494有AG61和DG40G19466G8585G5332G3999G7114的G12544一个D5的G14045G1926G4497度G1038201个CLG46G2620期G709，G6164以STG17139G14045G1926G1055间相G19560G1075G7171200个G7114G19059G2620期。G19668G16213G8892G5859的G7171，G14521G990一G2620期G1038保G6357G10378态G708R/HG32G2560G257G709则STG7092G14045G1926信号G17767出。ST信号主G16213用G7481控制将转换结G7536G2533外部锁存器、UARTS或微G3800理器进行G1268G17877。BUSG60G70821G14062G709在双积分G19466G8585G708IG49TG14DG40G709，BUSG60G1038高电G5191，其余G7114G1038G1314电G5191。因G8504利用BUSG60功能，可以G4466现A/D转换结G7536的G17840G17329G12175双线G1268G17877，其G17836原G7053G8873G7171将BUSG60和CLG46G256与G257G2530G7481计G6980器，再G1955G244710001就可G5483G2052原G7481的转换结G7536。ORG70827G14062G709当G17767G1849电压G17241出量G12255范围G70820000G709，OR将G1262变高。该信号在BUSG60信号结G7475G7114变高。在DG40G19466G8585G5332G3999G7114变G1314。URG70828G14062G709当G17767G1849电压G12573于或G1314于G9397量G12255的9G8G708G16847G6980G10381800G709，则一当BUST信号结G7475，UR将G1262变高。该信号在IG49TG19466G8585G5332G3999G7114变G1314。POLG70823G14062G709该信号用G7481G6363示G17767G1849电压的极性。当G17767G1849电压G1038正，则POLG32823G172G171G172ICL7135的波G5430G3282A8G12573于G2561G257，G2465G1055则G12573于G2560G257。该信号DG40G19466G8585G5332G3999G7114变G2282，G5194G13512G6357一个A/D转换调期。G1313驱G2172信号D5、D4、D3、D2、D1G70812、17、18、19、20G14062G709每一G1313驱G2172信号分别G17767出一个正G14045G1926信号，G14045G1926G4497度G1038200个G7114G19059G2620期，其G1025D5对应G987G1313G17885通，以下G1393次G1038G2327、G11346、G2325、个G1313。在正常G17767G1849G5785G1929下，D5D1G17767出G17842G13505G14045G1926。当G17767G1849电压G17819量G12255G7114，D5D1在AG61G19466G8585G5332G3999G7114G2494分别G17767出一个G14045G1926，G9994G2530都G3800于G1314电G5191，直G14279DG40G19466G8585G5332G3999G7114G6177G17767出G17842G13505G14045G1926。利用G17837个特性，可使G5483显示器件在G17819G12255G7114G1147G10995一G1154一G7275的直G16278现G16949。B8、B4、B2、B1G70816、15、14、13G14062G709该四端G1038转换结G7536BCD码G17767出，采用G2172态扫描G17767出G7053G5347，G2375当G1313G17885信号D5G32G2561G257G7114，该四端的信号G1038G987G1313G6980的内容，D4G32G2561G257G7114G1038G2327G1313G6980内容，其余G1393次G12879G6524。在个、G2325、G11346、G2327四G1313G6980的内容G17767出G7114，BCD码范围G103800001001，对于G987G1313G6980G2494有0和1两种G10378态，G6164以其G17767出的BCD码G1038G2560000G257和G2560001G257。当G17767G1849电压G17819量G12255G7114，各G1313G6980G17767出G1852部G1038零，G17837一点在使用G7114应G8892G5859。G7380G2530G17836G16213G16840G7138一点，G11013于G6980G4395部分以DG42G49G42端G1328G1038接G3332端，G6164以G6164有G17767出端G17767出电G5191以DG42G49G42G1328G1038相对参考点。基准电压，基准电压的G17767G1849G5529G20047对于模G6323G1856G1861端COMG7171正电压。G678与单片机系统的串行G17842接在ICL7135与单片机系统进行G17842接G7114，使用G5194行采G19610G7053G5347，G16213G17842接BCD码G6980G6466G17767出线，可以将ICL7135的/STB信号接G14279AT89C52的P3G172G708IG49T0G709。ICL7135G19668G16213外部的G7114G19059信号，本设计采用CD4060G7481对4M信号进行32分G20069G5483G2052125G46HG93的G7114G19059信号。CD4060计G6980G1038G717G720G13435G718进制计G6980器，在G6980G4395G19610G6116电路G1025可G4466现的分G20069次G6980G7380高，G13792G1000CD4060G17836G2265G2559G6403G14645电路G6164G19668的G19762G19388，使用G7368G1038G7053G1427。A9G32823G172G171G173ICL7135与系统的G17842接G3282G32823G172G171G174CD4060G7114G19059发G10995电路33单片机部分单片机G17885用的G7171ATMG40LG1856G2508新G6524出的AT89S52，G3926G32823G172G171G171G6164示。该G14467片具有G1314功G13803、高性能的特点，G7171采用CMOSG5049艺的8G1313单片机，与AT89C51G4448G1852G1872容。AT89S52G17836有以下主G16213特点采用了ATMG40LG1856G2508的高G4506度、G19762G7143G3845性存G1660器G708G49G57SRAMG709G6228G7427；其片内具有256G4395G14422RAM，8G46B的可在线G13546G12255G708ISPG709G41LASH存G1660器；有2种G1314功G13803G14422电G5049G1328G7053G5347G12366G19398模G5347和G6493电模G5347片内G2559有一个G11487G19388G10411定G7114器G708G58DTG709，G58DTG2265G2559一个14G1313计G6980器和G11487G19388G10411定G7114器G3809G1313G4504存器G58DTRST，G2494G16213对G58DTRSTG6365G20046G5219先G1901G184901G40H，G2530G1901G18490G401H，G58DTG1427G2563G2172，当CPUG11013于G6212G2172G13792使G12255G5219G19531G1849G8527G5502G10627或G256G17317G20146G257G10378态G7114，G58DTG2375可有G6940G3332使系统G3809G1313，G6564高了系统的G6251G5190G6212性能。34液晶显示部分显示接口用G7481显示系统的G10378态，G2641令或采G19610的电压G6980G6466。本系统显示部分用的G7171LCD液晶模块，采用一个161的G4395符G3423液晶显示模块，点阵G3282G5430G5347液晶G11013M行G49列个显示单元组G6116，假设LCD显示屏有64行，每行有128列，每8列对应1个G4395G14422的8个G1313，G2375每行G1101316G4395G14422，G1861168G32128个点组G6116，屏G9906416个显示单元和显示RAM区1024个G4395G14422相对G32823G172G171G17189S52引G14062G3282A10应，每一G4395G14422的内容和屏G990相应G1313G13634的G1154G7275对应。一个G4395符G1101368或88点阵组G6116，G2375G16213找G2052和屏G990某几个G1313G13634对应的显示RAM区的8个G4395G14422，G5194G1000G16213使每个G4395G14422的G993G2528的G1313G10381，其G4439的G10380，G10381的点G1154，G10380的点G7275，G17837样一G7481就组G6116某个G4395符。但对于内带G4395符发G10995器的控制器G7481G16840，显示G4395符就比较G12628单了，可G16765控制器G5049G1328在文本G7053G5347，根G6466在LCDG990G5332G3999显示的行列号G2462每行的列G6980找出显示RAM对应的G3332址，设立光标，在G8504G17877G990该G4395符对应的G1207码G2375可。3411601使用说明G32823G174G171G1711601引G14062G3282G159323G174G171G171LCD1601液晶模块的引G14062引G14062符号功能G16840G71381G42G49D接G33322G57CC5G573G57L驱G2172LCD，一般将G8504G14062接G33324RSG4504存器G17885G63330G6363令G4504存器G708G58RITG40G709BUSG92FLAG,G1313址计G6980器G708RG40ADG7091G6980G6466G4504存器G708G58RITG40,RG40ADG7095R/G58RG40AD/G58RITG40G17885G63331RG40AD0G58TITG406G40G16847G1901使能G708下降沿使能G7097DB0G13144G1313三态、双G2533G6980G6466总线A2A0G13505G159323G174G171G171LCD1601液晶模块的引G140628DB19DB210DB311DB4高4G1313三态、双G2533G6980G6466总线另外DB7G1075G7171一个BUSG92FLAG12DB513DB614DB7G4504存器G17885G6333，G3926G15932G6164示G159323G174G171G173G4504存器G17885G6333控制线操G1328RSR/G58操G1328G16840G713800G1901G1849G6363令G4504存器G708清除屏幕G12573G70901G16847BUSG92FLAGDB7,以G2462G16847取G1313址计G6980器G708DB0DB6G155210G1901G1849G6980G6466G4504存器G708显示各G4395G3423G12573G70911G1186G6980G6466G4504存器G16847取G6980G6466BUSG92FLAGDB7在G8504G1313未G15999清除G1038G2560G257G7114，LCD将G7092G8873再G3800理其他G6363令G16213G8726。1显示G3332址内部G3332址计G6980器的计G6980G3332址SB7G320DB0DB6G12544一行00、01、02G12573，G12544二行40、41、42G12573，可配合检测DB7G321RSG320,R/G58G321G16847取G11458G2081显示G4395的G3332址，判断G7171否G19668G16213换行。G159323G174G171G174LCD1601161显示G4395的G3332址12345678910111213141516000102030405060740414243444546472外部G3332址DB7G321,亦G237580H内部计G6980G3332址，可以用G8504G7053G5347将G4395显示在某一G1313G13634。LCD各G3332址列举G3926下G15932G159323G174G171G175LCD1601161显示G4395的外部G3332址16116G43951行1601123456789101112131415168081828384858687C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7A2A2G159323G174G171G176LCD1601的G6363令组G6363令G16840G7138设G13634码RSR/G58D7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0清除显示幕000000000光标G3250G2052原点000000001进G1849模G5347设定00000001I/DS显示幕OG49/OG41G410000001DCB移G1313000001S/CR/L功能设定00001DLG49G41G4395发G10995器G3332址设定0001AG42C设G13634显示G3332址0001ADD忙碌标志G1313BG41001BG41显示G6980G646610G1901G1849G6980G6466G16847取G6980G646611G16847取G6980G6466I/DI/DG321G15932示G21641，I/DG320G15932示G19551SSG321G15932示显示幕OG49SG320G15932示OG41G41DDG321G15932示显示屏幕OG49DG320G15932示显示屏幕OG41G41CCG321G15932示光标OG49CG320G15932示光标OG41G41BBG321G15932示闪烁OG49BG320G15932示显示闪烁OG41G41S/CS/CG321G15932示显示屏幕移G1313S/CG320光标移G1313R/LR/LG321G15932示右移R/LG320G15932示左移DLDLG321G15932示8G1313DLG320G15932示4G1313G41G41G321G15932示510点矩阵G41G320G15932示57点矩阵G49G49G321G15932示2行显示行G49G320G15932示1行显示行BG41BG41G321内部正在G2172G1328BG41G320可接收G6363令或G6980G6466码342液晶显示部分与89S52的接口G3926G3282G6164示用89S52的P2口G1328G1038G6980G6466线，用P0G171、P0G172、P0G173分别G1328G1038A2A3LCD的G40、R/G58、RS。其G1025G40G7171下降沿触发的片G17885信号，R/G58G7171G16847G1901信号，RSG7171G4504存器G17885G6333信号本模块设计G16213点G3926下显示模块初G3999G2282首先清屏，再设G13634接口G6980G6466G1313G10388G1313，显示行G6980G10381行，G4395G3423G103857点阵，G9994G2530设G13634G1038整G1319显示，取消光标和G4395G1319闪烁,G7380G2530设G13634G1038正G2533增量G7053G5347G1000G993移G1313。G2533LCD的显示缓G1926区G1025G17877G4395符，G12255G5219G1025采用2个G4395符G6980组，一个显示G4395符，另一个显示电压G6980G6466，G16213显示的G4395符或G6980G6466G15999G17877G2052相应的G6980组G1025，G4448G6116G2530再统一显示G17首先取一个G16213显示的G4395符或G6980G6466G17877G2052LCD的显示缓G1926区，G12255G5219延G71142G175MS,判断G7171否够显示的个G6980，G993够则G3332址G2164一取下一个G16213显示的G4395符或G6980G6466。35通讯模块89S52内部G5062G19610G6116通信接口URT，G2494G19668扩展一片MAX232G14467片将G17767出信号转换G6116RS232协议G16280定的电G5191标准,MAX232G7171一种双组驱G2172器/接收器，每个接收器将G40IA/TIA232G40电G5191G17767G1849转换G10385G57TTL/CMOS电G5191。每个驱G2172器将TTL/CMOSG17767G1849电G5191转换G1038G40IA/TIA232G40电G5191。G2375G40IA接口，就G7171G62385G57转换G10388G57G205215G57电G13130G57转换G10388G57G205215G57再G13475RXDG17767出，接收G7114G11013RXDG17767G1849，G62388G57G205215G57电G1313转换G10385G57，8G57G205215G57转换G10380G57。MAX232的G5049G1328电压G2494G196685G57，内部有G6403G14645电路G1147G10995正G171399G57电G1313。4系统的软件设计41主程序设计ICL7135A/D与单片机G17842接电路的软件设计系统的G12255G5219流G12255G3282G3926G3282G6164示。主G12255G5219一G5332G3999运行则设G13634堆栈起G3999G3332址G103870H，设G13634G1025断G4504存器，用G7481对ICL7135的G1025断进行计G6980，每5次G2530清零，G4448G6116一次G6980G6466采G19610G5049G1328，G9994G2530设G13634ICL71353G174G172G171液晶与89S52的接口G32823G175G171MAX232引G14062功能G3282A1A11的STB端的G1025断的优先G13435。紧接着LCDM1601B进行一次清屏，使其各个G6363令、G6980G6466G4504存器的G1552进行清G12366，屏幕G993显示任何G4395符。以G2081面对1601B的介绍，G2494G16213将01HG17877G2052G6980G6466总线，使RSG320，R/G58G320，G40有个下降沿的G14045G1926就可以G4448G6116清屏G5049G1328。用以下G6363令G4466现MOG57P2,01HG17877G2052G6980G6466DB7DB0，调用G4388G12255G5219G40G49ABLG40，G11013于下降沿G7114，内部G6980G6466G16213G17877G2052RAM区，G6164以G16213有一个延G7114G4388G12255G5219，使G17837个下降沿G6357G135052G175毫秒。内部RAM有G6363令G1207码G2530就G5332G3999对RAM进行清零，G6164以屏幕原有的G4395符将G15999清除。接着对1601进行功能的设定。MOG57P2,01111000B，G6365G159323G174G175G7481G11487G7171设定显示器G63652行显示，每行8G1313，57点阵。调用一次G4388G12255G5219G40G49ABLG40G12255G5219，G1901G1849CPU的G6363令G4504存器G1025。每次G2533LCDMG1025G1901G1849一个G6363令，就调用一次G40G49ABLG40，G9994G2530再对显示器进行闪烁、光标G12573功能进行设定。显示器的RAMG3332址G6365G2164G717G7053G8873进行G16847G1901。再设定G12544一行G4395符，G1075就G7171G57OLTAGE的显示G3332址80H。G4395符G57OLTAGE的TABLG40G15932G3332址G17877G2052DPTRG1025，G9994G2530调用G17840G12255查G15932G2641令，G1393次G6238G6980G6466G17877G2052P2口，G17837G7114再调用G4388G12255G5219G58RITG403，使LCD1601的RSG321，R/G58G320使使能端G40G1147G10995一个下降沿G14045G1926，将G6980G6466G17877G1849G2052G6980G6466G4504存器G1025，接下G7481执行G4388G12255G5219DISPLAG601，G4439的主G16213功能G7171将TABLG40G15932G1025的G4395符G17767出G2052LCDG1025G2447。调定好显示G4395符G6980G2375G17840G12255查G15932的次G6980，就G5332G3999查G15932了。例G3926G12544一个G4395符G256G57G257的ASCII码G717156H，就将G17837个码G17877G2052P2口，再调用使能G6980G6466G4388G12255G5219，使RSG321G708G6980G6466区使能G709G1901G1849显示G6980G6466区，R/G58G320G15932示G1901，G40G32G7481个下降沿延G71142G175毫秒，使G6980G6466G1901G1849RAM内。G4448G6116TABLG40G15932G17767出以G2530，G2533G6363令RAMG1025G1901G1849G125442行的起G3999G3332址G1038OCH，再调用显示采样G6980G6466的G4388G12255G5219。采样G6980G6466存G6930的G6980G6466G3332址安排G3926下G3282G6164示,首先将60HG1025的G6980显示在G32824G171G172G6980G6466G3332址G32824G171G171主G12255G5219流G12255G3282A1A12正G17139号的G1313G13634G990，G6365照ASCII码G15932，正号G993显示G70820HG709，G17139号显示G256G257G7082DHG709。42A/D中断程序设计G32824G172G171G1025断G4388G12255G5219流G12255G3282A1A13ICL7135每一分G19059G4448G61163次G6466的采G19610G5049G1328，1/3秒G4448G6116G2530G2533CPU申请G1025断,CPUG17837G7114暂停G5049G1328，G1038G1025断服务G17G1025断G2721应G2530G1863G1025断，将PSG58、ACC压栈，判断G7171否首次G1025断，G3926G7536G7171首次G1025断，则将正G17139号标志G1313G13634G184960H，再G6238G987G1313G13634G184961HG1025，G3926G7536G993G7171首次G1025断，则跳G2052G49G40XTG3800，G3926G7536G7171G12544二次G1025断，则将G2327G1313G6980G13634G184962HG1025，G3926G7536G7171G12544三次G1025断，再将G11346G1313G6980G13634G184963HG1025，G12544四次G1025断则将G2325G1313G6980G13634G184964HG1025，G12544五次G1025断则将小G6980点G1313G13634G184965HG1025，G2528G7114个G1313G13634G184966HG1025。G2528G7114清除G1025断次G6980G4504存器30HG1025的G1552，G4448G6116G1025断G2530将ACC、PSG58出栈，G5332G1025断。消隐的思想每次电压采G19610G2530，CPU将G6980G6466G17877G2052LCD显示，将可能出现以下几种G19668G16213消隐的G5785G1929。例G39262000G57G7735量G122550199G179G8504G7114G987G1313的G15520G993符合人G1216的视觉习惯，G19668G16213G6238G987G1313的G1552消隐G6493，G13546G12255G7171将20HG17877G1849G987G1313，使其在LCDG1025G993显示任何G4395符G2375可。G2528样的G5785G1929G3926下2000G57G7735量G122550019G1790001G179200G57G7735量G12255019G1799001G179920G57G7735量G1225501G17999在采G19610G2052G6980G6466G1055G2530，G13634G6980G1055G2081判断G7735G1313，G71712G57G7735G993消隐，G7171其他G7735G1313G7114再G11487G16213消隐的G1313G1055G2081有几个G7171零。例G39262000G57G7735量G12255，0001G179G57，在2次G1025断G7114判断G7735G1313G71712000G57G7735，G125441G1313G7171零，消隐G125442G1313G2327G1313。43通讯模块程序设计89S52单片机内部有一个G1852双G5049的串行通信口，G2375串行接收和发G17877缓G1926器G708SBUG41G709，G17837两个在物理G990独立的接收发G17877器，既可以接收G6980G6466G1075可以发G17877G6980G6466。但接收缓G1926器G2494能G16847出G993能G1901G1849，G13792发G17877缓G1926器则G2494能G1901G1849G993能G16847出，G4439G1216的G3332址G103899H。G17837个通信口既可以用于网络通信，亦可G4466现串行异步通信，G17836可以G7512G19668G16213消隐G987G1313、G2327G1313G19668G16213消隐G987G1313、G2327G13