论采购风险的管理与控制----本科毕业论文

2008届本科毕业论文（设计）论文题目论采购风险的管理与控制学生姓名所在学院电子商务学院专业物流管理学号指导教师成绩2008年4月XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12A6A11A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A232A24A2536A24XXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）原创性及知识产权声明本人郑重声明所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在导师的指导下取得的成果。对本论文（设计）的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。因本毕业论文（设计）引起的法律结果完全由本人承担。本毕业论文（设计）成果归XXX大学所有。特此声明。毕业论文（设计）作者签名作者专业物流管理作者学号_年_月_日XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12A6A11A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A233A24A2536A24XXX大学本科学生毕业论文（设计）开题报告表A22A26A27A28A29A30A31A32A22A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A22A26A27A28A29A30A43A44A45A46A22A26A27A28A29A30A47A48BA49A50A51A52A53A31A51A54A55A56A57A58A38A39A59A60A61A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A69A37A70A71A72A73A74A75A76A56A37A52A77A78A79A80A81A82A83A84A85A86A37A66A87A88A89A90A75A91A92A66A93A94A95A37A96A97A98A99A100A101A102A76A56A37A52A77A78A79A75A103A104A93A105A106A76A56A107A108A109A110A37A111A112A113A33A34A114A115A116A76A56A40A117A118A72A73A37A99A119A75A120A121A122A123A124A117A125A126A37A127A128A75A93A105A129A33A34A37A130A131A132A133A40A94A134A135A136A137A138A139A75A49A140A76A56A33A34A112A141A107A108A142A99A143A98A99A111A112A113A89A144A75A145A146A61A62A147A148A149A33A34A35A36A77A52A37A150A89A75A151A152A153A51A154A155A156A37A33A34A35A36A157A158A159A42A75A160A161A94A157A154A41A42A147A162A163A35A36A116A164A165A166A167A113A168A60A61A62A169A170A147A124A171A172A22A26A173A174A137A175A39A22A75A176A177A178A179A117A76A56A33A34A180A181A75A132A182A130A183A184A185A33A34A118A186A37A187A188A125A126A75A93A189A190A127A33A34A35A36A37A191A65A82A98A99A192A100A101A33A34A94A134A135A136A37A130A128A91A59A132A22A113A89A144A75A157A158A33A34A35A36A193A108A194A33A34A195A196A197A198A199A200A76A56A84A117A195A196A37A109A201A59A72A113A57A202A37A108A172A203A174A116A76A56A77A204A108A172A37A109A201A205A108A118A148A75A206A155A155A156A157A158A33A34A35A36A75A207A105A130A128A208A209A124A171A210A192A211A212A76A56A108A172A75A213A214A76A56A52A77A78A79A38A39A215A216A147A78A217A156A218A75A219A220A213A214A76A56A199A188A221A222A223A113A172A26A224A114A148A149A61A62A75A225A226A227A189A228A229A200A169A170A113A230A59A75A231A232A233A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A241A242A243A231A232A233A234A244A245A238A246A247A241A248A243A249A250A231A232A233A234A238A251A252A248A253A254A255A178A0A1A2A3A4A5A6A7A8A35A9A254A255A178A0A2161A254A255A10A11A216A217A12A13A12A14A130A3A15A16A17A18A19A130A217A12A13A20A21A254A11A22A130A228A23A24A25A26A27A28A29A130A33A30A231A232A31A32A34A36A130A237A37A38A892A42A39A40A238A254A255A41A43A44A45A46A47A48A49A893A43A106A50A51A231A232A52A53A43A54A55A56A89A8A242A9A2A3A4A5A6A7A216A86A57A46A58A59A60A12A14A47A61A2A243A108A62A63A64A65A66A67A68A231A232A233A234A69A70A238A71A72A243A253A235A69A70A238A49A73A74A75A61A2A55A56A47A43A76A77A108A243A189A78A79A75A238A80A81A66A251A47A82A28A238A83A84A89A33A30A231A232A238A31A32A254A255A178A0A85A87A88A90A243A79A91A92A93A254A255A238A94A95A96A47A97A39A96A98A70A99A237A100A238A101A106A16A102A235A33A30A231A232A60A103A104A105A107A243A235A2A3A238A109A110A60A111A86A112A113A98A43A106A114A115A79A91A116A61A2A117A43A44A31A108A62A243A195A118A116A2A3A119A163A71A43A120A121A122A123A89A124A253A2A3A109A110A83A84A8A35A9A125A1261A253A127A154A128A129A131A132A133A134A135A136A1372A138A250A139A140A139A135A141A142A143A144A145A146A147A131A132A148A149A135A150A1511A138A131A132A148A149A135A152A1532A138A131A132A148A149A135A155A1563A138A131A132A148A149A157A158A135A159A1604A138A131A132A148A149A135A143A161XXXA162A164A165A166A167A168A169A170A171A172A173A174A175A176A177A179A180A181A182A183A184A185A186A1874A188A19036A188A191A192A193A194A196A197A198A199A200AA201A191A202A203A204BA205A206A202A203A204CA207A208A194A196A209A204A193A210A197A211A212A213A214A215A218A219A220A221A193A222A223A224A225A197A226A227A229A230A231A232A219A211A212A233A234A204A235A236A238A239A240A241A229A204A242A243A244A230A211A212A245A246A247A248A249A232A252A204A254A255A85A51A0A205A34A204A54A1A2A242A57A3A223A59A204A60A4A5A6A7A8A204A226A227A213A214A241A229A11A66A204A235A236A90A9A67A10A123A241A229A209A89A193A27A197A12A222A69A36A191A192A193A194A196A197A20A13A196A252A247A136A14A70A15A206A16A72A17A200A226A214A74A32A191A192A75A146A18A76A231A77A19A892007A24412A791A80A21A206A22A72A17A200A226A214A74A32A192A23A81A24A892007A24412A7931A80A21A206A210A72A17A200A226A214A74A32A191A192A83A25A215A20A13A892008A2443A796A80A21A206A27A72A17A200A226A214A74A32A191A192A26A25A231A189A86A191A192A892008A2444A7916A80A21A28A29A30A31A87A33A200A80A110A200摘要采购是企业供应链的源头，采购过程中的任何一个环节出现偏差，都会影响到物资采购预期目标的实现，这就使物资采购活动面临着诸多风险、问题。为了控G2058采购业G2165中的风险，G1955G4581G6451G3845，G6564G20652采购G5049作G8712G5191，企业有G5529要采取一G1135G6526G7057以G19489G1314G10990G14279G18003G1825采购风险所G5114G7481的G17139面影响，因G13792G2164G5390企业物资采购的管理，G19462G14551企业物资采购风险，对G1122G6564G20652企业G10995G1147G13475G14841管理G8712G5191和G13475G8994G6940G11422是一个G993G2499G13582G4581的重要环节。本文G2010G7524了采购风险G1147G10995的G2419因G2462G1866对企业的影响，G5194G19036对这G1135风险G6564出了G11468应的G19462G14551G6526G7057，使企业G2499以G7693G6466G14270G17535的实G19481G5785G1929，采取G17878G5415的方法G2011实有G6940G3332对采购风险G17839G15904管理，G1186G13792G993G7041G6564G20652G12466G1117G2159。关键词采购风险G2010G12879影响管理G994控G2058ABSTRACTPURCHASEISTHESOURCEOFTHEENTERPRISESSUPPLYCHAINTHEDEVIATIONAPPEARSINPURCHASED,WILLINFLUENCETHEREALIZATIONOFTHERESETTARGETOFPURCHASEOFGOODSANDMATERIALS,THISMAKESACTIVITYOFPURCHASEFACEAGREATDEALOFRISKSANDPROBLEMSINORDERTOCONTROLTHEPURCHASERISKINTHEBUSINESS,REDUCELOSSESANDIMPROVETHEPURCHASEWORKINGLEVEL,ITISNECESSARYFORENTERPRISESTOTAKESOMEMEASURESTOREDUCEEVENAVOIDTHENEGATIVEEFFECTWHICHTHEPURCHASERISKBRINGS,THEREFORESTRENGTHENTHEMANAGEMENTOFPURCHASEOFGOODSANDMATERIALSOFENTERPRISES,TAKEPRECAUTIONSAGAINSTTHEPURCHASERISKOFGOODSANDMATERIALSOFENTERPRISES,ITISANINDISPENSABLEIMPORTANTLINKFORIMPROVINGENTERPRISESPRODUCTIONMANAGERIALSKILLANDECONOMICBENEFITSMYTEXTANALYSISTHEREASONOFPURCHASERISKANDIMPACTONENTERPRISE,ANDHASPUTFORWARDTHECORRESPONDINGPRECAUTIONARYMEASURESTOTHESERISKS,ENABLEENTERPRISESTOFOLLOWONESOWNACTUALCONDITIONS,TAKETHEAPPROPRIATEMETHODTOMANAGETHEPURCHASERISKEFFECTIVELY,THUSIMPROVINGTHECOMPETITIVENESSCONSTANTLYKEYWORDPURCHASERISKCLASSIFICATIONINFLUENCEMANAGEANDCONTROL目录A35A130A37A388A39A35A40A130A41A42A43A52A44A45A46A47A48A49A50A53A55A56A58A61A62A63A648A39A144A40A130A65A154A68A71A41A42A73A44A58A78A829A144A130A41A42A84A88A58A91A9210A39A35A40A130A41A42A93A41A42A84A88A58A91A9410A39A144A40A130A41A42A84A88A58A95A96111A130A52A44A97A98A84A88112A130A52A44A99A98A84A88123A130A48A49A100A101A102A58A84A8813A39A209A40A130A41A42A84A88A58A103A148A104A10514A209A130A106A107A41A42A84A88A58A61A62A10815A39A35A40A130A109A111A112A150A39A113A114A40161A130A115A116A117A118A112A150162A130A119A120A121A122A112A15016A39A144A40A130A124A111A112A150A39A125A114A4017A126A130A41A42A84A88A58A53A55A127A128A12918A39A35A40A130A131A132A52A44A99A128A129A13318A39A144A40A130A134A135A137A68A138A139A140A127A41A42A141A142A58A53A55191A130A106A143192A130A141A14219A39A209A40A130A145A134A137A48A49A100A58A147A149A47A53A55201A130A147A149A151A152A158A58A48A49A100202A130A131A132A48A49A100A172A153A53A55A155A129223A130A127A48A49A100A131A132A125A114A156A157A159A160A161A16223A39A126A40A130A163A164A158A165A166A73A167A168A169A170241A130A68A138A41A42A171A173A127A174A175A58A176A177242A130A68A138A41A42A158A165A166A73A56A58A176A177A53A55243A130A68A138A41A42A178A121A58A179A141A180A18125A182A130A183A18425A185A186A187A9226A188A180A185A18634A190A19136一、G2081G16340G3（一）、采购在企业G10995G1147和供应链管理中的重要G3332G1313企业的采购G19762G5132重要，G1039要因为G12544一，采购物G7021成本G2356G13475G14841G5647成本的G8616G1375G5468大，G14521物G7021G6122设G3803G7092法以G2524理的G1227G7696G14731得，G2029G11464G6521影响到企业的G13475G14841，G14521采购G1227G7696过G20652，G2029G1147G2709成本G1075G20652，影响到G1147G2709的G19156G2818和G2045G9082，G14521采购G1227G7696过G1314，G2029采购的物G7021G2709G17148G2499G14033G5468差，影响到G1147G2709的G2709G17148，G1186G13792使G1147G2709G993G1867G3803G5078G3342G12466G1117G2159。G12544G1120，G2620G17728G10587G20652，G2499G6564G20652资G18341的使G11004G6940G10587，G2524理的采购G6980G18339G994G17878G5415的采购G7114G7438，G7094G14033G18003G1825G19156G2818和G1866G1194G11004G7021的G5322期交G17147，G2460G14033G19489G1314物G7021G5223G4396，G1955G4581资G18341G12227G2399。G12544G989，采购G18108G19388G2499在G6640集G5078G3342G5785G1929G7114，G6564供新的物G7021替代旧物G7021，以达到G6564G20652G2709G17148、G19489G1314成本的目的。G12544四，采购G18108G19388G13475G5132G994G5078G3342打交道，G2499以了解G5078G3342变化趋势，G1186G13792将G5078G3342信息反馈给公司，促G17839公司G13475G14841业绩成长。采购的速度、G6940G10587、订单的执G15904G5785G1929会G11464G6521影响到企业是否G14033够快速灵活G3332满足客户的需求，影响到企业最终G1147G2709的定G1227G5785G1929和整个供应链的最终G14731G2045G5785G1929，只有通过企业内G18108之间以G2462G994外G18108的采购协同作业，供应链系统才G2499准G7114响应G11004户的需求，同G7114G19489G1314G5223G4396成本。G2524理采购对G6564G20652企业G12466G1117G14033G2159、G19489G1314G13475G14841风险G1867有极G1866重要的作G11004。一方面，科学的采购G993仅G14033G19489G1314G1147G2709G10995G1147成本，G13792且G1075是G1147G2709G17148G18339的保证；另一方面，G2524理采购G14033保证G13475G14841资G18341的G2524理使G11004和控G2058，G1186G13792以有限的资G18341有G6940开展企业的G13475G14841活动；同G7114，G993G7041寻找优G17148G1314G1227的物G7021，使G10995G1147G2462G19156G2818的G1147G2709G17878应G5078G3342的需求。（G1120）、我国物流采购G15904业的现状G3现代物流作为一种先G17839的组织方式和管理技术，已成为世界G13475G8994发展的热点之一。随着G13475G8994全球化G17839程的G2164快，企业G12466G1117日趋激烈，企业要想在G5078G3342G12466G1117中立G1122G993败之G3332，G993仅要在研发、G10995G1147、G19156G2818等环节上G993G7041改G17839，更要在采购上挖掘潜G2159。目G2081，我国稳居亚太区采购G5078G3342的龙头G3332G1313，G64662008年01月24日，毕马威最新发表的亚太区采购业报告指出，亚太区已G13475成为全球采购活动的枢纽，G13792超过7成的受调查企业均在中国大陆G3332区G17839G15904过采购。中国的G12466G1117优势在G1122拥有完善的基础设G7057，交付G2499靠，G1147G2709G17148G18339良好。G2499见，我国物流采购G15904业正在蓬勃发展，G5194且G1867有G5390大的国G19481G12466G1117G2159。G9994G13792，在这G7691的大好G5430势下，G993G2499G18003G1825的G1185G9994G4396在着G16780多采购风险问题，G2058G13434着企业、G15904业G1047G14279整个国内G13475G8994的发展。采购G5049作作为供应链的龙头,在企业G5049作环节中起着G14279G1863重要的作G11004，G4439G19512了受企业外G18108和内G18108的影响，更要面对G5468多供应G2842，G4396在G16780多G993稳定因G13044，G1186G13792G993G2499G18003G1825的面临G2520种G2520G7691的风险。企业外G18108的风险G1039要有G4451G16278环G3671风险和技术G17839G8505风险，是企业本G17535G19602以控G2058的。企业内G18108风险G2265G6336了采购G2058度风险、采购人G2604风险和采购计G2022风险，G1866中采购人G2604风险最为G5132见，采购人G2604G5467G12181G14322G5342、G15904G17171受G17171的现G16949，G11464G6521G6451G4487了企业G2045G11422。供应G2842所引起的风险，G1039要有采购物资的G2462G7114G5627、G17148G18339、G1227G7696、G6980G18339等。因此，采取G19036对G5627G6526G7057，G19462G14551和化解采购风险，以期G19489G1314风险、G6564G20652G6940G11422，G1867有G2325G2010重要的G5859G1053。G1120、采购风险的G8022G17860G3（一）、采购G2462采购风险的G8022G5577G3采购是指企业在一定的G7477G1226下G1186供应G5078G3342G14731取G1147G2709G6122G7393G2165作为企业资源，以保证企业G10995G1147G2462G13475G14841活动正G5132开展的一G20045企业G13475G14841活动。采购实G17353G2499G2010为G6124G11065采购和日G5132采购G1016G18108G2010。G6124G11065采购是采购人G2604G7693G6466企业的G13475G14841G6124G11065需求，G2058定和执G15904采购企业的物G7021G14731得的G16280G2022，通过内G18108客户需求G2010G7524，外G18108供应G5078G3342、G12466G1117对G6175、供应基础等G2010G7524，在标G7450G8616G17751的基础上设定物G7021的长G11713期的采购目标、达成目标所需的采购G12586G11065G2462G15904动计G2022，G5194通过G15904动的实G7057寻找到G2524G17878的供应资源，满足企业在成本、G17148G18339、G7114间、技术等方面的G13520G2524指标。G6124G11065采购计G2022内G4493G2265G2559采G11004何种采购技术、G994G1172G1052G7691的供应G2842打交道，G5326立何种G1863系，G3926何G3533G1871G994G5326立对企业G12466G1117优势G1867有贡献的供应G2842G13688体，日G5132采购执G15904G994G2524同G3926何确立等等。日G5132采购是采购人G2604G7693G6466确定的供应协G16770和G7477G8466，以G2462企业的物G7021需求G7114间计G2022，以采购订单的G5430式G2533供应方发出需求信息，G5194G4445G6502和G17331G17406整个物流过程，确保物G7021G6365G7114到达企业，以G6915G6357企业的正G5132G17828G14841的过程。采购的对G16949G2010为G11464G6521物G7021和间G6521物G7021，G11464G6521物G7021将G11004G1122G7512成采购企业G2533G1866客户G6564供的G1147G2709G6122G7393G2165的全G18108G6122G18108G2010，间G6521物G7021将在企业的内G18108G10995G1147和G13475G14841活动中G15999使G11004和G9052G13803。采购是一个G2842业G5627G17148的有G7438体为G13512G6357正G5132G17828G17728G13792寻求G1186体外G6680G1849的过程。采购风险是指在物资采购过程中由G1122G2520种G5859外G5785G1929的出现,使采购的实G19481结果G994预期目标G11468偏G12175的程度G2462G2499G14033G5627。采购风险受多种因G13044影响，G4439客G16278G4396在G1122采购G5049作的G2520个环节。采购风险的G4396在，G7092G11109会对采购活动G1147G10995重大影响。（G1120）、采购风险的G2010G12879G3采购风险是客G16278G4396在的，只要有采购活动，就G5529G9994G4396在着采购风险。采购风险G4396在G1122企业整个采购过程中，G6365G10043风险G1147G10995的G14551G3272，G2499以G2010为企业外G18108风险、企业内G18108风险和供应G2842引发的风险G989G12879。1、企业外G18108风险企业外G18108风险G1039要G9053G2462G4451G16278环G3671风险和技术G17839G8505风险。外G18108环G3671的变化，企业本G17535G19602以控G2058，G1306这G12879风险对企业G17908成的G2373G4487是G993G4493G5585G16282的。（1）、G4451G16278环G3671风险采购活动的G4451G16278环G3671G3809G7446多变。G4451G16278环G3671的G993G2045变化G5529G9994给采购G7438G7512G5114G7481采购风险。G1375G3926,国G19481G17164G7143G1117G12483使一G1135G1393G17194G17839G2487的企业G14841G17828成本G2107G3698，G7092法G6365期交G17147，采购G7438G7512G7092法G6365期完成采购任G2165。采购活动的环G3671G1867有G3809G7446G5627和多变G5627，外G18108环G3671变化G2499G14033为采购G7438G7512G5114G7481G7588种G7438会，G1075G2499G14033使之面临G7588种威G13973。采购G3926果G993G14033G17878应G3809G7446G13792多变的外G18108环G3671，G5529G9994会G5114G7481G3268G19602。（2）、技术G17839G8505风险企业所G10995G1147的G1147G2709由G1122技术G17839G8505引起G17152G1552，G7092G5430G6451G13803G10990G14279G15999G9132G8772，G17908成G2419有的已采购G2419G7460G7021的G12227G2399G6451G3845，G6122者由G1122G7588种G2419G7460G7021因技术G17839G8505G13792发G10995变化，导G14280G2419有G2419G7460G7021因G17148G18339G993G12538G2524要求G993得G993G5335之。采购物资由G1122新G20045目开发G2620期G13565G11713，G3926计G12651G7438新G3423G7438G993G7041出现，更新G2620期G5852G7481G5852G11713，G2030G2030购G17839了大G6221计G12651G7438设G3803，G1306因信息技术发展，所采购的设G3803已G13475G15999G9132G8772G6122使G11004G6940G10587G1314下，G17908成因技术G17839G8505G13792G6319G14280的风险G6451G3845。2、企业内G18108风险（1）、采购G2058度风险我国G16780多企业G5326立的采购管理系统，由G1122G7438G7512设G13634G993G4625G2524理，管理人G2604G13044G17148G993G20652，G16280G12468G2058度G993够G1593全，管理基础G5049作G993够完善等G2419因，导G14280企业采购管理系统G13582G1059对外G18108环G3671变化的G17878应G14033G2159和应变G14033G2159。企业内G18108G1863系G9163G1093。企业G994内G18108G2520G18108G19388之间G2462企业G994上G13435企业之间，在资G18341管理G2462使G11004、G2045G11422G2010G18209等方面G4396在G7447G17143G993明、管理G9163G1093的现G16949，G17908成资G18341使G11004G6940G10587G1314下，采购信息G993灵，外界干预过多。（2）、采购人G2604风险在现实G5049作中，G16780多采购管理人G2604风险G5859识淡薄、G17143任心G993G5390，正因为对采购风险没有足够的重G16282，采购人G2604的采购决G12586没有G13475过深思熟虑、反G3809G8616G17751，G13582G1059科学G5627。使得采购决G12586普遍G4396在着G13475验决G12586G2462G1039G16278决G12586现G16949，由此G13792导G14280的决G12586G3845误G13475G5132发G10995，G1186G13792G1147G10995采购风险。更为严重的是，G4581G6980采购人G2604，假公G8994G12181、收受回扣、牟取G12181G2045，采购的物资在G6980G18339、G2709种、G16280G7696、G17148G18339、G1227G7696、单G6466等方面出现问题，给企业G5114G7481巨大G13475G8994G6451G3845。（3）、采购计G2022风险企业物资G18108G19388G2462人G2604计G2022管理技术G993G17878G5415G6122G993科学，导G14280采购中的计G2022风险，即采购G6980G18339、采购目标、采购G7114间、G17828输计G2022、使G11004计G2022、G17148G18339计G2022等G994目标发G10995G17751大偏G12175。采购G18339G993G14033G2462G7114供应G10995G1147之需要，发G10995G10995G1147中G7041G17908成G13582G17147G6451G3845G13792引发的风险；物资采购过多，G17908成G12227G2399，G1866中多G6980因技术G17839G8505G13792导G14280的G7092G5430G6451G13803，使企业大G18339资G18341沉淀G1122G5223G4396中，G3845去了资G18341的G7438会G2045G9082，G5430成G4396储G6451G13803风险；物资采购G7114对G5078G3342G15904G5785估计G993准，盲目G17839G17147，结果G5468快G1227G7696下跌，引起G1227G7696风险；企业“零G5223G4396”G12586G11065G2499G14033因供应G2842出现干扰因G13044，使企业因G7092G17147发G10995G10995G1147中G7041G13792陷G1849G3268G3671G6122因供应G2842供G17147G993G2462G7114G13792G17908成G13582G17147的风险。3、供应G2842引发的风险G3（1）、采购G1227G7696风险由G1122供应G2842操纵投标环G3671，在投标G2081G11468互串通，有G5859抬G20652G1227G7696，使企业采购蒙受G6451G3845的G1227G7696风险。G5415企业采购认为G1227G7696G2524理G5785G1929下G6221G18339采购，G1306G993久，该种物资G2499G14033出现跌G1227G13792引起采购风险。（2）、采购G17148G18339风险由G1122供应G2842G6564供的物资G17148G18339G993G12538G2524要求，G13792导G14280企业所G10995G1147的G1147G2709G5627G14033达G993到G17148G18339标准，G1186G13792给企业G5114G7481严重G6451G3845，G5194且G2499G14033使企业在G13475G8994、技术、人G17535G4445全、企业声誉等方面遭受G6451G4487。因采购的G2419G7460G7021G4396在G17148G18339问题，将会G11464G6521影响到企业G1147G2709的整体G17148G18339和企业G13475G8994G6940G11422，因采购G2419G7460G7021G2709G17148G993良，影响G1147G2709的G10995G1147G994交G17147期，G19489G1314企业信誉和G1147G2709G12466G1117G2159，G11464G6521威G13973到企业的G10995G4396G994发展。（3）、采购G2524同风险G2524同订立者在没有仔细研究G2524同内G4493，G3926企业签订G2524同后的G7447G2045G994G1053G2165，违G13434应付的G17143任等，就盲目签G13434，G4493G7143掉G1849供应G2842所设G13634的G2524同陷阱，G5415供应G2842G7092故中止G2524同、更改G2524同G7477G8466、违反G2524同G16280定等，G1075G993G14033拿起法律武器保护G14270G17535的G7447G11422。更有G10990者，以虚假的G2524同G1039体G17535份G994企业订立G2524同，以伪G17908、假冒、作废的票G6466G6122G1866G1194虚假的G1147G7447证明作为G2524同担保；G6521受G2524同G5415事人给付的G17147G8466、预付G8466，担保财G1147后逃之夭夭；签订空头G2524同，G13792供G17147方本G17535是“空壳公司”，将骗G7481的G2524同G17728G6175倒卖G1186中谋G2045，G13792所需的物资G2029G7092法保证，导G14280企业蒙受巨大的G6451G3845。另外，采购G2524同日G5132管理G9163G1093，G1075G2325G2010G5132见。G5415履G15904G2524同G7114，找G993到G2524同文G1226G6122是G2524同文G1226残G13582，就G19602以判G7041对方是否违G13434，G1075G4493G7143G17908成企业G14270G17535违G13434G13792G15999对方追究G17143任。（G989）、采购风险的基本特征G3采购风险有五方面特征1、采购风险是客G16278G4396在的，G4439G993以人的G5859志为G17728移，有的风险是G7092法回G18003G6122者G7092法G9052G19512的。正G3926企业外G18108风险G4451G16278环G3671和技术G17839G8505，是G5468G19602G18003G1825的，G1075G19602以找到有G6940的G19462G14551G6526G7057。2、采购风险是G11468对的，G2499以变化的。采购风险G993仅G994G1866客体，即采购风险事G1226本G17535所处的G7114间和环G3671有G1863，G13792且G994G1866G1039体，即G1186事采购风险活动的人有G1863。G993同的人，由G1122G14270G17535的G7477G1226、G14033G2159和所处的环G3671G993同，对同一个风险事G1226的态度G1075是G993同的。所以，我们G2499以G19036对企业内G18108风险，G2164以G2010G7524研究，找到G19462G14551G994化解采购风险的方法。3，采购风险是G2499以预测的，采购风险是在一个特定的G7477G1226下的G8022G5577。所以，G4439是现实环G3671和变动的G993确定G5627，在未G7481事G1226G5415中的一种反映。通过对现实环G3671因G13044的G16278察，G2499以G2164以预测的。4，采购风险在一定程度上是G2499以控G2058的，采购风险是在特定的G7477G1226下，G993确定G5627的一种表现，G5415G7477G1226改变，引起风险事G1226的后果G2499G14033G1075就会改变。5，采购风险G17331G4439的目标是G11468联系的。目标越大，风险就越大，目标G17751小，风险G11468对G17751小。多元化采购是G2010散风险的首选方法。G2533多个基本互G7092G1863联的供应G2842同G7114G17839G15904采购，G7094G2499G5430成良好的G12466G1117环G3671，G14731得G1227G7696和G7393G2165的优惠，G2460G2499确保供应的G2499靠G5627，G18003G1825任一供应G2842因停G1147等G5859外G13792G17908成供应的中G7041。G989、预G19462采购风险的重要G5627G3采购G5049作在企业正G5132的G10995G1147G13475G14841活动中起着重要作G11004，企业重G16282和G2164G5390采购环节的管理，G2499以更好的G19462G14551采购风险的发G10995，一方面G2499以G19489G1314采购成本，G3698大盈G2045空间；另一方面G2499以控G2058G13582G17147G10587，G1955G4581G7438会G6451G3845，稳定供需G1863系。同G7114将G2524G17878的G2842G2709、以G2524G17878的G1227G7696呈现到顾客面G2081，使企业的供需链整体极G1867G12466G1117G2159，G1186G13792G6564G20652企业的G13475G14841绩G6940。（一）、G11464G6521作G11004（G11713期）G31、G2045G9082杠G7450作G11004。采