现在分词与定语从句转换

1、Doi ng 【内容】(1) 动名词和现在分词(2) 现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语， 表语，伴随或方式，原因，条件，让步等(3) 现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。(4) 现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。一.动名词：【定义】相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语 ；表语。【构成形式】主动： doing sth被动： being doneHaving donehav ing bee n done.【应用】1. 做主语。(1) 当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。被看作单数不可数名词。主语较长时用it代替主语。(2) 特殊句型。It is no use doing sthIt is useless

2、doing sthIt is no good doing sthIt is a waste of time doing sthIt is worthwhile doi ng sthThere is no point' use in doing sthThere is nothi ng wore than doi ng sth没什么比做更糟糕的。(3) 练习一下。<a> 听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。 <b> 开快车是非常危险的。 <c> 已经错过了早班车已经使她很担忧。 <d> 看那本书是浪费时间。2. 作动词宾语。(1) Forbiddo

3、ing sth; allow doing sth ，advocate doing sth ; admit doing sth ;Advise' suggest doing sth;risk doing sth; appreciate doing sth;enjoy doingsth; Envy doing sth; avoid doing sth;considerdoing sth; delay doing sth;deny doing sth. Dislike doing sth; escape doing sth; excuse doing sth; finish doing st

4、h; forgive doing sth. Un dersta nddoing sth; give up doing sth;imag inedoing sth; keep doing sth; mind doing sth. Miss doing sth ,practice doing sth, put off doing sth, resist doing sth; can ' t help doing sth; Can ' t stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth,stick tod

5、oing sth;be used to doing sth,object to doing sth;be busy in doingsth; adapt to doing sth;be occupied in doing sth;(2) Sthn eed require' want doing(3) allow' permitforbidadvice doing sth(4) 练习<a> The light in the office is still on. He forgot(turn) it off.<b> Don ' t you reme

6、mber (see)the man before?<c> I can 't bear(laugh).<d> youwill forbid(photograph)in the park.= you willin the park.<e> Your compositi on n eeds(correct).=Your composition needs .做介词宾语(1)动词 + 介词 + doing sthBe used to doing ; be related to doing; get dow n to doing ; be give n to

7、doing=be addicted to doing ; put one's mind to doing ; give rise to (弓丨起);be equal todoing sth ; devote one ' s to doing sth ; lead to doing sth; object to doing ; look forward to doing sth; be opposed to doing sth ;stop keep preve nt sb fromdoingh sth; protect sb from doing sth; forbid sb f

8、rom doing sth;Remind sb ofdoing sth ; Warn sb of doing sth ; Rob sb of doing sth; inform sb of doing sth ;accuse sb of doing sth ; feel like doing sth.形容词 + 介词 +doing sthBe busy in doing ; be occupied in; be in terested in ; be resp on sible for doingsth.(3) 主语 + have + fun pleasure a good time trou

9、ble difficulty problem indoing sth;have no hesitati on in doing sth(4) what how about doing sth (征求意见)(5) go+ shopp ing swim mingcamp ingclimb in ghik ingrunnin gskati ngwalk ingsightsee in gda ncingfish ingridi ngjogg inghun ti ngdriv ingboati ng 练习<a> I used to (get) up late , but now I am u

10、sed to (get) up early.<b> The rain prevented us from (go) out .<c> She objects to (marry) me.<d> 你对打篮球感兴趣吗？ <e> 我读懂他有困难。<f> I spe nt one hour<g> I still remember (work ) out the math problem. (take ) to the shaoLin temple that day.现在分词的用法二.现在分词 doing sth用法<1>

11、;在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语和 状语。<2>作定语时与定语从句之间的转换。<3>作状语时与状语从句之间的转换。<4>应用于写作和句子考查。两个基本特点<1> 在时间上表示动作正在进行。<2> 在语态上表示主动。讲解与实践作定语1 .单个现在分词+名词或代词； 一般动词表示正在进行的动作。可相当于定语从句。它们的现在分词形式不表心理活动的词像：tire , puzzle , disappoint, satisfy表进行而表示所修饰名词的特点。【练习】翻译：a swimmi ng pers on;swimmi ng clothes .

12、a falli ng leaf ;a comi ng exam ;worki ng workers .a reading room ;sleepi ng bag a disappo inting result 令人迷惑的案件那些感到迷惑的学生2.现在分词短语特点<1>表示正在进行的动作。<2>动词ing所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生。练习<1> This is the path （通往我校的路）。（两个动作同时发生）This is the path （定语从句翻译 ）<2> 20年前他住在朝东的房间。（两个动作同时发生） （用分词短语修饰“房间”

13、）（用定语从句修饰“房间”）<3> Tell the children (play) outside not to make too much noise.(用分词短语）（表示动作正在进行） （定语从句翻译）<4> Tom , wearing white clothes , followed me down the hill.（把划线部分转为非限制定语从句）【非谓语动词作定语的区别】1. to do sth分词）（1）表示将来。 同时发生。完成时表发生位于谓语之前(2)序数词+ to doAdj+est+n+ to do主语 + be + adj + to + do练习

14、doing sth （ 动名词）doing sth （ 现在分词）done（过去名词功能。表进行或同时发生的动作。发生在谓语之前。<1> The house (build) next week is likely to be our lab.<2> 一个游泳池<3> The young man(graduate ) from a good college is my cous in .（同时发生的动作）<4> In terms of my view, He is easy（相处）。<5> whe n 1 went to the cla

15、ss,I saw the boys and the girls(read) in theclassroom.<6> En glish(speak)by the world is widely used in differentfields ofsociety.作表语【结构】n be doi ng【含义】多表示主语的特征。【主要词】多是表心理活动的词，译成“令人的”；<1>这个令人感动的故事情节深深地感动了我。The story plot deeply me.（含有一个定语从句）对比过去分词多表示“人感到的”。动词不疋式表示具体动作，特别是表示将来动作。如果在aim, d

16、uty, hope, idea,happ in ess, job, pla n, problem, purpose, wish + be to do sth.或 what + is todo sth句子中，to do sth是对主语起补充说明作用。<1> Her wish(become) an engin eer is bound to be realizedin the future.（划线部分用定语从句）<2> what is my purpose is(accumulate) more words and expressi ons.宾语补足语【用法】（1）感官动词 see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe, keep, find, listen to , look atsb doing sth（2）使役动词：have, g