高中英语表语从句讲解及练习

1、表语从句1、概述 用作表语的从句叫作表语从句， 它位于主句中的连系动词之后。 引导表语从句的词有从属连 词 that 、whether 、 as though（if） ；关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；关系副词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。 可以接表语从句的连系动词由 be, look, remain, seem 等。 That 引导表语从句时，在口语中， 间或可以省略。The trouble i

2、s that we are short of money. 困难是我们资金短缺。That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新 英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时 ,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。2、由从属连词 that， whether 引导的表语从句。that 在引导表语从句时无词义，而 whether 有词

3、义，意为、 “是否”。这时主句的主语常常是 些抽象名词，女口 question（问题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题），result（结果），chanee（可能性）， suggestion（建议），idea（想法）,reason（理由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主 语的内容具体化。The trouble is （that） she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。The question is whether we need more ice cream. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。The problem was that it

4、was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 What she couldn ' t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。3、由关系代词引导的表语从句。关系代词 who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等引导表 语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。The q

5、uestion is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应该去。The problem was who could do the work. 问题是谁能做这项工作。That's what he is worrying about. 那就是他在担心的事。That's what we should do. 那是我们应该做的。4、由关系副词引导的表语从句。Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umb

6、rella. That ' s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣， 这是我们淋湿的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 That is what he is worried about. 那就是他所担心的。5、由连词 because， as if/as though 等引导的表语从句。 It looked as if it was going to snow. 看起来好像要下雪了。That's because we never th

7、ought of it. 这是因为我们从未想过此事。 It seems as if he didn 't know the answer. 好像他不知道答案。可以接表语从句的系动词有：1：be（ being,been,am,is,are,was,were）2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound,taste , smell3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run,fall5: prove, turn out 系动词的固定搭配 : come

8、true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild 连接词： that / whether /as if /asthough （if 不引导表语从句 ） 连接代词： who / whom / whose / which/ what 连接副词： when / where / why / how /because 注：引导表语从句的连词 that 间或可以省略。The truth is（ that） I didn't go there. 事实是我没去那儿。考题 1 The traditional view iswe sleep

9、 becauseI“our brain is “programmed”to makeus do so. （2007 上海 ）A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案 D解析 下划线处之后是包含一个原因状语从 句的表语从句， 如果看不出它是 充当整个句子 结构的表语从句将难以把握整个 句子的意思。因此， 应选择可引导名 词性从句且不 充当任何成分的 that 。考题 2 You are saying that everyoneshould be equal,and this is_ I disagree. （2004）A. why B. where C. what

10、D. how答案 B解析 下划线处的引导词引导系动词 is 后的表语从句并在该 表语从句中充当 地点状语 （ “disagree ”属于不及物动词，“Idisagree ”本身是完整的主谓结构），下划线应填入引导词where ,表语从句 “where I disagree ”的意思是 我不同意之 处、 我不同意的地方 ”。考题 3 IdrovetoZhuhaiforthe air show last week. Is that youhada fewdaysoff? （1999）A. why B. whenC.whatD. where答案 A解析 下划线处的引导词引导与系动词 is 连用的表语

11、从句并 在该表语从句中 充当原因状语，下划线应填入表示 因此”指因某种原因所造成的结 果）的引导词why 。考题 4 she couldn't understand was fewer and fewer students showedinterest in her lessons. （2000 上海 ）A. What;why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案A解析 第一 个下划线处的引导词引导主语从 句并在该主语从句中充当宾语 ， 特指她所不理 解的事情， 应填 入关系代词型的引导词 what ； 第二个下划 线处表示 “因

12、此”指因某种原因所造成的后果，由why引导对应的名词性从句 ）而不是 为什么 ”（指原因、 理由，由 because 引导对应的名词性从句）， 应填入引导词why 。考题 5 made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had beenadmitted to key universities. (2003上海春 ）A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; what D.That; because答案 B解析 第一 个下划线处的引导词引导主语从 句并在该主语从句中充当主语 特指令校方骄 傲的事情，

13、 应选用关系代词型 的引导词 what ； 第二个下划线处引导 表语从句表示 原因、 理由， 应由 that 引导对 应的名词性从句。考题 6 Are you still thinking about yesterday 's game? Oh,that 's. (2003 北京春 )A. whatmakes me feelexcitedB. whatever Ifeel excitedaboutC. howI feel about itD. whenI feel excited答案A解 析A 选项的意思是“令我感觉激动的事物 ”；B 选项的意思是 “我觉得激动的任何事物 ”；

14、 C 选项的意思是 “我对它感觉的方式 ”；D 选项的意思是 “令我感觉激动的时间 ”。四个选项中 A 最适 合跟代表“game的主语that 对应，充当表语从句。表语从句与宾语从句的关系不属于的宾语从句 和表语从句都属于名词性从句 。其作用跟名词在句中的作用 相同。故充 当宾语的句子 叫宾语从句，充当表语的句子叫 表语从句。宾语从句（1） 对于宾语从句要掌 握以下三点 语序:从句的语序必须是陈述句语序 , 即“主语+ 谓语 ”这种形式。 时态:当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 从句可以是任何时态, 而当主句是一般过 去时的时候 , 从句 , 从句时态必须是 过去时范围的时态 , 即（一

15、般过去 时 , 过去进行时 , 过去完成时 , 过去 将来时 ） 。连接词: 当从句意思完整, 主句意思肯定时 , 连接词用 that, 且可以省去 , 当从句意思完整, 主句意思不确定或含否定含意时, 常用 if 或 whether(是否 ）, 当从句意思不完整时 ,连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。表语从句在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，位于主句系动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也是名词性从句的一种。如： What the police want to know iswhen you enred redthe room 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。The

16、 The trouble is that we are short of funds 困难是我们缺乏资金。This This is what we should do 这是我们应当做的。That ”s s why I want you to work there 那就是我要你在那儿 工作的原因。His His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet 他的第一个 问题是史密斯 先生到了没有。注意：从 句中的疑问句用正常语序，即陈 述语序。 as as if, as though, becau 也可用来引导表语从句。She She

17、seems as if she had done a great thing 她看起来好像做 了一件 大事。It It is because you eat too much 那是因为你吃得太多了 。1. The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether 2The reason why he failed is he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your co

18、at. I'ts you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we getB. what we can getC. who we can getD. that we can get5. What I want to know is he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. ifC. whetherD.不填6. The reason isI missed the bus.A.

19、thatB. whenC. whyD. what7. That is we were late last time.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. what8. She looked she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is you are doing too much.A. whyB. when10. The reason why he hasnA. because his mother is illC. that his mother i

20、s ill11. He was born here.C. what t co_m_e_i_s_D. becauseB. because of his mother D. for his mother is ill's being ill- That is he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how12.That is Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. why that/what 的区别1your father wants to know isgetting on with

21、 your studies.A. What; how are youB. That； how you areC. How； that you areD. What； how you are2. The trouble iswe are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was was first called“ India ” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and st

22、ronger. It is no longer .A. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be5. he really means is he disagrees with us.A. What thatB. That whatC. What whatD. That what6. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. s