2023年职称英语考试综合类A级试题及答案4

2023年职称英语考试综合类A级试题及答案第1局部：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线局部确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．

With

immense

relief，l

Stopped

running．

A

some

B

enormous

C

little

D

extensive

2．The

scientists

began

to

accumulate

data．

A

collect

B

handle

C

analyze

D

investigate

3．

Jack

eventually

overtook

the

last

truck．

A

hit

B

passed

C

reached

D

led

4．Sometimes

it

is

advisable

to

book

hotels

in

advance．

A

possible

B

profitable

C

easy

D

wise

5．

The

reason

for

their

unusual

behavior

remains

a

puzzle．

A

fact

B

mystery

C

statement

D

game

6．

That

guy

is

really

witty.

A

smart

B

ugly

C

honorable

D

popular

7．

The

world

champion

suffered

a

sensational

defeat．

A

reasonable

B

dramatic

C

humiliating

D

horrifying

8．

It

seems

that

only

Mary

is

eligible

for

the

job．

A

prepared

B

trained

C

qualified

D

guided

9．

This

poem

depicts．the

beautiful

scenery

of

a

town

in

the

South．

A

praises

B

writes

C

imitates

D

describes

10．

The

meaning

is

still

obscure

A

vague

B

transparent

C

alien

D

significant

11．

Dumped

waste

might

contaminate

water

supplies．

A

destroy

B

decrease

C

delay

D

pollute

12．

One

theory

postulates

that

the

ancient

Filipinos

came

from

India

and

Persia．

A

assumes

B

expects

C

predicts

D

considers

13．It

is

very

difficult

for

a

child

to

adhere

to

rules．

A

remember

B

follow

C

understand

D

learn

14．

I

hope

that

I

didn’t

do

anything

absurd

last

night.

A

awkward

B

strange

C

stupid

D

awful

15

there

should

be

laws

that

prohibit

smoking

around

children.

A

forbid

B

advocate

C

inherit

D

withdraw第2局部：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

WhatIsGiobalization?

Itwastheanti—globalizationmovementthatreallyputglobalizationonthemap．Asawordithasexistedsincethe1960s，buttheprotestsagainstthisallegedlynewprocess，whichitsopponentscondemnasawayoforderingpeople’Slives，broughtglobalizationoutofthefinancialandacademicworldsandintoeverydaycurrentaffairs．()

Inthelate1980sandearly1990s．thebusinessmodelcalledthe“globalized〞financialmarketcametobeseenasanentitythatcouldhavemorethanjustaneconomicimpactonthepartsoftheworldittouched．Globalizationcametobeseenasmorethansimplyawayofdoingbusiness，orrunningfinancialmarkets—itbecameaprocess．Fromthenonthewordtookonalifeofitsown．

Sohowdoestheglobalizedmarketwork?Itismoderncommunicationsthatmakeitpossible；fortheBritishservicesectortodealwithitscustomersthroughacallcentreinIndia，orforasportswear(运动服)manufacturertodesignitsproductsinEurope，maketheminsouth．eastAsiaandselltheminnorthAmerica．()

Butthisiswheretheanti—globalizationsidegetsstuckin(关注)．Ifthesepracticesreplacedomesticeconomiclifewithaneconomythatisheavilyinfluencedorcontrolledfromoverseas．thenthecreationofaglobalizedeconomicmodelandtheprocessofglobalizationcanalsobeseenasasurrenderofpowertothecorporations，orameansofkeepingpoorernationsintheirplace。

Noteveryoneagreesthatglobalizationisnecessarilyevil，orthatglobalized

corporationsarerunningthelivesofindividualsoraremorepowerfulthannations．Somesaythatthespreadofglobalization，freemarketsandfreetradeintothedevelopingworldisthebestwaytobeatpoverty—theonlyproblemisthatfreemarketsandfreetradedonotyettrulyexist．

Globalizationcanbeseenasapositive，negativeorevenmarginalprocess．Andregardlessofwhetheritworksforgoodorill，globalization’Sexactmeaningwillcontinuetobethesubjectofdebateamongthosewhooppose，supportorsimplyobserveit。

16.Globalizationisatermusedonlyinthefinancialandacademicworlds．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17.Globalizationcanbebestunderstoodasawayofdoingbusiness．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18.Moderncommunicationsplayanimportantroleinglobalization．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19.Britainhasbenefitedquitealotfromglobalization．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20.Theopponentbelievethatglobalizationwillkeepthepoorernationsinpoverty．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21.Theopponentsthinkthatglobalizationcorporationshavemorepowerthannations．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22.Freemarketsandfreetradewilleventuallyprevail．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3局部：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最正确标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最正确选项。

ANewCitizenshipTest

1LastweekasampleofthenewUScitizenship(公民身份)examwasreleasedbytheUSCitizenshipandImmigrationServices(US—CLS)．Itwillbetriedoutin10citiesearlynextyeartoreplacethecurrenttestin2023．InsteadofaskinghowmanystripestheUSflaghas，asthecurrenttestdoes，thenewoneaskswhythereare13stripes。Insteadofhavingtonamethebranchesofgovernment，anapplicantisaskedtoexplainwhytherearethree．

2“Thegoalistomakeitmoremeaningful．〞explainsEmilioGonzalez，directoroftheUS—CIS。Immigrantswhopassitareexpectedtohaveabetter“understandingandrespect〞forUScivic(公民的)values，Gonzalezsays.

3TheUSisn’ttheonlycountrydealingwithcitizenshipteststhataimtogeta“sharedcommitment〞fromimmigrantsfortheiradoptedcountry’s“values〞，Inrecentyears，Inadditiontotheusualrequirementoflanguage/workskillsandeconomicstatus-severalEuropeancountrieshaveadoptedcitizenshiptests．BritainintroducedanewcitizenshiptestlastNovember．InMarch，anewDutchlawtookeffectrequiringallwould—beimmigrantstotakeacitizenshiptest．Itinvolvedwatchingavideoshowingnude(裸体的)womenbathingatbeachesandgay(同性恋的)menkissinginpublic．Theaimwastoensurethat“newcomerswillbecomfortablewiththecountry’Sliberalsocialmores(风俗)〞.

4Europehasbeenknownforwelcomingimmigrantsfordecades．But，today，thefactisthatsomeimmigrantsarekeptapartfromlocalcitizensbycultureandtheybecomehostiletoeachother．PromotingintegrationhasbecomeamajorconcernforEuropeancountries．aftertheriotinginMuslimghettoes(少数民族聚居区)inFranceandthekillingofDutchpublicfiguresbyreligiousextremists．

5Officialsbelievethataperson’sattachmenttoacountrycanbetestedbyhisorherknowledgeofthecountry．However，somecriticssaythatthechangescandolittletohelppeople’assimilate(同化)themselves．“Immigrationisaculturewartoday-Isgivinganewtesttherightwaytolessentheaccusationsinthatfight?〞saysAliNoorani，oftheMassachusettsImmigrantandRefugeeAdvocacyCoalition(难民辩护联盟)

23paragraph2___________

24paragraph3___________

25paragraph4___________

26paragraph5___________

A.Preparationfortakingacitizenshiptest

B.CitizenshiptestsinEuropeancounties

C.Importanceofpromotingintegration

D.Necessitytoknowthebranchesofgovernment

E.DifferentOnthenewcitizenshiptest

F.Goalofthenewcitizenshiptest

27Thequ~on8inthenewcitizenshiptestaremoredifficult________.

28Would—beimmigrant8totheUSareexpected________.

29IntheDutchcitizenshiptestallwould-beimmigrantsarerequired________.

30Somepeoplefearthatchangeinthecitizenshiptestwilldolittle________.

Atoknowalotmoreaboutthecountry

Btowatchavideo

Ctohelpimmignt8acceptthenewculture

DtomarryAmericancitizens

Etodolow-skilljobs

Ftoanswer第4局部：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最正确选项。

第一篇CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition-Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight．Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting，metropolitanatmosphere．

Squares，plazas(广场)andarcades(拱廊)formtheheartofEurope’scities．

VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco—abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops，churches，restaurantsandcaf6s．InBarcelona，Spain，LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods．London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians，acrobats(杂技演员)andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon，theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop(背景)tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames．

Thesevibrant(有活力的)heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution，socialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently．“ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon’tseeallthemistakes，〞saidGarreau-“Thosehaveallbeenremoved．〞MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar,sobars．restaurantsandcafeswerenearto，people’shomes．Today，thefocusofmanyEuropeans’lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters．Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts，drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies．Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention，therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways，livingandshoppinglocally．Thesepeople．togetherwithtourists，providethecitycenterswiththereasonforexistence．

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.thisisParticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationaliststhisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos(浓咖啡)andcigarettes．

Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere．PeopleInRomanCatholiccountriesusedtovisittheChurchonanalmostdailybasis．Entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets．cafesandbarsInthesurroundingstreets．AnenormousexampleofthisrelationshipbetweenchurchandsocietyistheDuomo。ThehugemarblecathedralinFlorence，ItalyISsurroundedbybakeriesandcoffeeshops，andcatersnotonlytothetouristcrowds，butalsothelocalcommunity．

31.ItcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthateachbigcityinEurope

A．hasmanylargesquares．考试大

B．hasmanyverymagnificentsky-scrapers．

C．drawstouristsinlargenumberseveryyear

D．hasacenterwheretouristsmeettheirspouses．

32.WhichstatementisNOTtrueofCoventGarden?

A．Itiscrowdedwithpeople．

B．ItislocatedinLondon．

C．itisfilledwithstalls．

D．Itissurroundedbyshops，churches，restaurantsandcafes

33.WhydopeoplethinkthatVeniceisSOgreat?

A．Becauseitisafamoustouristattraction．

B．Becauseyoucanreachanywherebyboat．

C．Becauseitiswell．knownforItsmerchants．

D．Becauseallthemistakeshavebeenremoved．

34.WhatareParisiansfamousfor?

A．Theirpursuitofindependence．考试大

B．Theirenthusiasmforconversation．

C．Theirabilitytokeepthecityflourishing．

D．Theirdevotiontodevelopingamultipleculture．

35.ThewritercitestheDuomointhelastparagraphasanexampletoillustratethat

A．thereisatightlinkbetweenchurchandsociety．

B．allchurchesaremagnificent．

C．oldchurchesareverypopular．

D．high—risechurchesareimpressive．第二篇DoubtfulWaystoReduceandIncreaseYourWeight

Youhearthis：“Nowonderyouarefat．Allyoueverdoiseat．〞Youfeelsad：t“Iskipmybreakfastandsupper．Iruneverymorningandevening．WhatelsecanIdo?〞Basicallyyoucandonothing。Yourgenes，notyourlifehabits，determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit．

AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat，“80percentofthechildrenoftwoobese(肥胖的)parentsbecomeobese，ascomparedwithnomorethan14percentoftheoffspringoftwoparentsofnormalweight．〞

Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well，dietingcanbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous．JulesHirsch，aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople。Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday．Aftermorethan10weeks，thesubjectslost45kaonaverage．Butafterleavingthehospital，theyallregainedweight.Theresultsweresurprising：bymetabolic(新陈代谢的)measurement，fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywerestarving．Theyhadpsychiatricproblems．Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet．Theywereanxiousanddepressed；someweresuicidal．Theyhidfoodintheirrooms．Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn'tresultInnormalweight，butinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon—obesepeople．

Thinpeople，however,sufferfromtheopposjte：Theyhavetomakeagreatefforttogainweight．EthanSims，oftheUniversityofVermont，gotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight•Infourtosixmonths，theyateasmuchastheycould．Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent。Butmonthsafterthestudyended．theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere．

Thisdoesnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheirweight．Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybaffletheirgeneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight。thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue—eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange．Therangemightbeasmuchas9kg．Someonemightweigh60_69kgwithouttoomucheffort．Butgoingaboveorbelowthenaturalweightrangeisdifficult．Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchangingthemetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks．

36.Whatdeterminesyourweight?

A．Yourworkingmanner

B．Youreatinghabit。

C．Yourlifestyle．

D．Yourgenes.

37.WhatdidJulesHirschdototheeightfatpeopleinhisstudy?

A．Heletthemskipsupper

B．Heletthemskipbreakfast．

C．Heletthemruneverymorningandevening．

D．Hegavethemaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday．

38.Whathappenedtotheeightfatpeopleaftertheyleftthehospital?

A．Theywentmad．

B．Theykilledthemselves．

C．Theywerebacktonormalweight．

D．Theyattemptedsuicide.

39.EthanSimsmadehissubjects

A．battletheirgeneticinheritance

B．increasetheirweight．

C．sufferfromhunger

D．lowertheirweight．

40.Whatdidscientiststhinkwastrue?

A．Eachpersonhasafixedweightrange．

B．Eachpersonhasaweightrangeof9kg．

C．Eachpersonwantstocontrolhisorherweight．

D．Eachpersonwantstoeattohisorherheart’scontent第三篇ShamingPunishments

Lastmonth，JamesConnolly，ajuniorattheUniversityofMassachusetts，stoodinfrontofalocalpolicestationwearingatoga(长袍)aspunishment．

Hiscrime?Hewaschargedwithunderagedrinking，illegalpossessionofalcoholandexcessivenoisewhileholdingaparty．

ThisshamingpunishmenthasincreasedintheUSinrecentyears，mostlyimposedbylocaljudgesforless—seriouscrimes，suchasdrunkdrivingandtheft．

Theybelieveshameisthebestpettycrimedeterrent(威慑)．Forexample，inTennessee，JudgeJamesMcKenziehasmadeshoplifters(商店货物扒手)standoutsideWal—Martwithsignsthatread，“IamathiefputherebyorderofJudgeMcKenzie〞，“Alternativepunishmentslikecommunityserviceandfinesdon’tconveymoralcondemnation(谴责)ofthecriminal，〞saidDanKahan，aUniversityofChicagoLawSchoolprofessor,inanarticlepublishedontheuniversity’Swebsite．“Theyaren’tshamefulenough。〞

ShamingpunishmentsaresometimescalledScarlet(红色的)Letterpunishments．ThenamecomesfromUSauthorNathanielHawthorne’S1850novelTheScarletLetter．Inthisnovel，awomanisforcedtowearascarlet“A〞onherclothesaspunishmentforheradultery(通奸)．

However,UniversityofIowalawprofessorAndrewHosmaneksaidthereisanimportantdifferencebetweentheshamingpunishmentsofcolonialAmericaandthoseassignedinstateslikeTennessee．

“Earlysocietiesoftenhadare—acceptance’ceremonytowelcometheoffenderbackintomainsociety,〞saysHosmanek．“ContemporarypunishmentsinAmericalackthis．〞

Supportersofshamingpunishmentarguethatpublicshamingisagoodwayofexpressingcommunityvalues。Somejudgessayshamedoffendersseldomrepeattheircrimes．

Othersaren’tSOsure。“Thereislittleevidencetosuggestthatshamingpunishmentsaresuccessfulinpreventingpeoplefromcommittingspecificcrimes．Andashamedcriminalmayfaceahardbattletoregaincredibilityinsociety，〞saidHosmanek．“So，ashamingpunishmentmayforcetheoffenderintomorecrimestosupporthimself．〞

Expertsalsodebateshamingpunishment’Sdamagetohumandignity．“Sincethepointistoshame，it'sofcoursedegrading(侮辱人格的)，〞saidLindaMalone，directoroftheHumanRightsandNationalSecurityLawProgrammeatWilliamandMaryLawSchool．

“USlawonlyprohibitspunishmentthatis‘cruelandunusual’一not‘inhumananddegrading’．it'sverydifficultforathieftoprovethatholdingasigninfrontofWal-Martis‘cruelandunusual’.〞

41.JamesConnollywasaccusedofallthefollowingcrimesEXCEPT

A.illegallypossessingalcoh01

B.smugglingdrugs

C.drinkingatanillegalage

D.makingtoomuchnoiseataparty

42.WhichofthefollowingpunishmentsdoesNOTmorallycondemnacriminal?

A．Holdingasignthatannounceshisorhercrime

B．Publishinghisorhernameonawebsite

C．ApologizingforthecrimeinfrontofWal—Mart

D．Havingtodousefulworktohelpotherswithoutbeingpaid

43.InthenovelTheScarletLetter,awomanisaccusedof

A.corruption

B.bribery

C.adultery

D．thee

44.Theword“suggest’inParagraph10couldbebestreplacedby

A.propose

B.indicate

C.assume

D.explain

45.WhatdoesUSlawforbid?

A．Cruelandunusualpunishments

B．lnhumanpunishments

C．Degradingpunishments

D．Shamingpunishments第5局部：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

What’sLackingin‘Sicko’?

Whenitcomestoeconomicdecisions，therearealwaystrade．offs(取舍)．Gainonethingandyoulosesomethingelse．_________(46)

ThecentralargumentofMichaelMoore’smovie“Sicko〞一thatthecuretothenation’shealthcareproblemsisasingle—payersystem—ishardlynovelandiscertainlyworthconsideration，whetherornotyouagreewithit．ButincomparingtheAmericansystemwithsingle—payerplansofothercountries—Britain，France，CanadaandCuba—Mr．Mooreleftoutthetrade•offs，characterizingthosecountriesashealthcareparadises．_________(47)

KurtLoder，thefilmcriticwhoisbestknownastheanchor(主持人)of“MTVNews，〞wroteacritique(批评)ofthefilmforMTV’swebsite．“Sicko〞hesaid。“doesarealservice〞inportraying(描绘)victimsofAmericaninsurancecompanies—likethepeoplewhodiedbecausetheironlytreatment、optionswereconsidered“experimental〞andthereforenotcovered．_________(48)

When“governmentsattempttoregulatethe—balancebetweenalimitedsupplyofhealthcareandanunlimiteddemandforit，they’reinevitablyforcedtorationtreatment，Mr．Loderasserted．_________(49)Mr．Lodercitedtheshortfilm“DeadMeat，〞whichpresentsanecdotes(轶事)offailureintheCanadiansingle—payersystem．Initsone—sidedness，“DeadMeat〞mighthavemadeforanicedoublefeaturewith“Sicko．〞andleftmovie—goerswithamorecompleteunderstandingofthecomplicationsofdecidingonahealthcaresystem。_________(50)

Thisallmakesanotherwise“emotionallycompellingfilmnotnecessarilyanintellectuallysatisfyingone；〞wroteDarrenBarefoot，aCanadianblogger(博客作者)．

AMr．Moorealsodecidedtoignoreproblemsinothercountries，likeFrance’shightaxesandBritain’Scash—shorthospitals．

BButthefilmasawhole，heconcluded，is“breathtakinglymeretricious(似是而非的)，〞inlargepartbecauseofitscharacterizationsofothercountries’healthcaresystems．

CTheproblemshavebeennoticed—andcriticismiscomingnotjustfromMr-Moore’sdetractors(诋毁者)．

DHetickedoffanumberofnegativestatisticstocounterthepositiveonesofferedbyMr．Moore．

EHealthcareistheprevention，treatment，andmanagementofillness.

FThisisparticularlytrueinhealthcare，amarketinwhichscarce(稀罕的)goodsareridiculouslyexpensive，butneededbyeverybody．第6局部：完型填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最正确选项。

TheGreatestMysteryofWhales

Thewhaleisamammal(哺乳动物)一warm—blooded，air-breathing，考试大givingbirthtoitsyoungalive，suckingthem—and，likeallmammals，originatedonland，Therearemanysignsofthis．________(51)frontflippers(鳍肢)，usedforsteeringandstability，aretracesoffeet。

Immensestrengthisbuiltintothegreatbodyofthebigwhales，andinfactmostofawhale’sbodyisonegiganticmuscle。Thebluewhale’spulling________(52)hasbeenestimatedat400horsepower．Onespecimenwasreportedtohave________(53)awhalingvesselforsevenhoursatthe________(54)ofeightknots．

Anenragedwhalewillattackaship．Afamous________(55)ofthiswasthefateofwhalerEssex，whichwassunk________(56)thecoastofSouthAmerica