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专项:情态动词一考点:情态动词的用法和辨析,情态动词表示推测和可能,由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答。二类型:1只是情态动词:can,could,may,might,must2可做情态动词,可做实义动词:need,dare3可做情态动词,可做助动词:will,would,shall,should4特殊:haveto,oughtto,usedto三特征:1有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语。2无人称和数的变化。(haveto除外)Eg:Hehastostayhere.3后接动词原形。4具有助动词作用,可构成否定,疑问或简短回答。四用法:can①表示能力,“能,会”。Eg:Canyouplaybasketball?②表示怀疑,猜测,常用于否定句或疑问句。 Eg:Lihuacan,tbeintheclassroom.③表示请求,允许,多用于口语,译“可以”=may. Eg:youcangonow.@can开头的疑问句,肯定句,否定句用can或can7t..could①can的过去式,表示过去的能力。 Eg:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.②could开头的疑问句,肯定和否定回答用could,couldn,t如果could表示现在的委婉,用can回答。Eg:CouldIhaveadrink?Yes,youcan..may①表示推测,“可能,也许“,用于肯定句。 Eg:Hemaycometomorrow.②表示请求,“许可,可以“。Eg:MayIborrowyourbook?注:表示请求,许可时,主语为第一人称的一般疑问句,否定回答用mustn't"不可以,禁止,不许",不用maynot“可能不"。③表示祝愿。Eg:Mayyousuccess..might①表示“可以“,用于过去时中。 Eg:HetoldmeImightsmokeintheroom.②用于现在时,表示说话更委婉,礼貌。Eg:Hemightbedoinghislessonsnow..must①表示“必须,应该”。②表示推测,常用在肯定句中,表"一定”。 Eg:Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.ItmustbeJim.③否定句中,mustn,t表示禁止,“不允许”。④以must开头的疑问句,肯定句回答用must否定回答用needn't,表示“不需要,不必”=“don,thaveto”.⑤表示“偏偏”。Eg:Mustyouplaythepianoatthistime..need①情态动词:+do,用need提问或回答,肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用needn,t.Eg:Youneedn'tcometoschoolsoearly.②实义动词:+todo,用助动词提问和否定。③+doing表示被动。④needn'thavedone表示没必要做某事但是做了。Eg:Iactuallyneedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine..dare①情态动词,多用于疑问句,否定句,条件句中。 Eg:I'mafraidyoudarenottodosuchathing.注:Idaresay习惯说成“也许,我想”。Eg:Itwillrainthisafternoon,Idaresay.②实义动词:daretodo,用于肯定句中,当用于否定句或疑问句时,to可以省略。Eg:Thisstudentdoesn'tdaretoraiseanyquestioninclass.hall①用于第一人称表示征求意见,询问。Eg:ShallIopenthewindow?Shallwehavelunchhere?②表示说话人的态度,”命令,警告,允诺,威胁”。Eg:Youshallfinishyourhomeworkfirst.③用于第三人称,在条约,规定,法令等文件中表示义务或规定,”应该,必须”。(不常用)hould①表示义务,责任“应该”。Eg:Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.②作为shall过去式,用于第一三人称,表示征求意见。Eg:MrLeeaskedifheshouldgethisvisa.③表示“竟然”。 Eg:It'sunthinkablethattheboyshouldsingsuchabeautifulsong.④表示说话人的特殊情感,如惊奇,愤怒,失望等。 Eg:HowshouldIknow?⑤表示劝告,建议,“应该”。 Eg:Youshouldlistentoyourteacher..will ①用于第二人称表示询问,请求,也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Eg:Willyoupassmethebook?②表示意愿,决定,允诺,用于各种人称。Eg:Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.③表示规律性的“注定会”。 Eg:Peoplewilldiewithoutairorwater..would①表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。 Eg:Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?.haveto①“必须,不得不”,强调客观需要,含有时态的变化。 Eg:I,llhavetoaskJiminstead.②区别:must表示“必须,应该“,主观看法。13.oughtto①表示职责,义务或要求,及人们应该去做的正确的事或好事。Eg:Humansoughttostoppollutingnature.②比should语气强,oughtto反映客观情况,should表示主观看法。③oughttohavedone本应该做而没有做。Eg:Youarelate.Yououghttohavearrivedfiveminutesearlier..usedto①表示“过去常常,过去是“,没有人称和数的变化,可以和过去的时间状语连用。否定形式:usedn'tto或didn,tuseto,疑问词将use提前或Did...useto...?Eg:Hedidn'tusetobesocareless.②区别would:带有主观性,并且现在做不做不知道。Usedto:客观性,和现在进行对比,过去常常,现在就不怎么做了。Eg:HewouldphonemeonSunday.Eg:IusedtobeveryfondofmusicwhenIwasyoung.③区别:beusedtodoing(情态动词)习惯于...Usedtodo(情态动词)过去是,过去常常…Beusedtodo(过去式)被用来做…Eg:Iamalreadyusedtonoisycitylifehere.MyparentsusedtoliveinSouthAmerica.Thismachineisusedtocutupwastepaper..其他:⑴hadbetterdo最好做某事Eg:Youhadbetterstayathome,否定:hadbetternotdo⑵beableto与can表示能力时用法相同,但前者有时态的变化,有能力成功做某事。Eg:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.3完形填空Haveyoueverseentheadvertisement:Learnaforeignlanguageinsixweeks, 1giveyourmoneyback?Ofcourse,it2happensquitelikethat.Theonlylanguage3 tolearnisthemotherlanguage.Andthink4practiceisneededforthat.BeforetheSecondWorldWarpeopleusuallylearnedaforeignlanguage5theliterature(文学)ofthecountry.Nowmostpeoplewantto6aforeignlanguage.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplestartlearning7.Howdotheydoit?Somepeopletryathome8booksandtapes,othersgotoeveningclassesorwatchTVprograms.9theyusethelanguageonly2or3timesaweek,learningitwill10alongtime,likelanguagelearningatschool.Afewpeopletrytolearnalanguagefastbystudyingfor6or11_hoursaday.It'smucheasiertolearnthelanguageinthecountrywhereit 12.Butmostpeopleare 13 todothis,andmanypeopledon'thavetodoso.Machinesandgoodbookswillbevery14 ,buttheycannotdothestudents'work.15thelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.()1.A.soB.orC.andD.but()2.A.can'tB.impossibleC.neverD.often()3.A.easilyB.difficultC.ableD.easy()4.A.howmuchB.howlongC.howfastD.howmany()5.A.studiedB.tostudyC.studyingD.study()6.A.talkB.tellC.speakD.say()7.A.themB.thisC.thatD.it()8.A.withoutB.withC.inD.by()9.A.IfB.WhenC.SinceD.Until()10.A.spendB.useC.takeD.cost()11.A.someB.moreC.otherD.less()12.A.speaksB.isspeakingC.spokeD.isspoken()13.A.ableB.possibleC.unableD.notpossible()14.A.carefulB.forgetfulC.wonderfulD.helpful()15.A.eitherB.whetherC.whatD.how专题练习:一.选择题ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.wouldYoubehungryalready——youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn,t B.can,t C.mustn,t D.needn't——Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?——Youdoanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.don,thaveto B.oughtn,tto C.mustn,t D.can,tJohnpromisedhisdoctorhenotsmoke.Andhehasneversmokedeversince.A.mightB.shouldC.could D.wouldWhatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,hebetter.A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedone D.mighthavedoneLizawellnotwanttogoonthetrip——shehatestraveling.A.will B.canC.mustD.mayShehaveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can,tB.wouldn,t C.shouldn,t D.needn'tAccordingtotheairtrafficrules,youswitchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.A.may B.can C.would D.should——Ican,tfindmypurseanywhere.——Youhavelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.can C.should D.would——I,msorry.Iatyoutheotherday.——Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn'tshoutB.shouldn'thaveshoutedC.mustn'tshoutD.mustn'thaveshouted——Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?——Well,itbebig——thafsnotimportant.A.mustn,t B.needn,t C.can,t D.won,t——Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?——“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea”A.will B.mayC.shall D.mustSomeaspectsofapilot,sjobbebring;andpilotsoftenworkatinconvenient.A.can;havetoB.may;can C.haveto;mayD.oughtto;mustMyMP4playerisn,tinmybag.WhereIhaveputit?A.canB.mustC.shouldD.wouldTheweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday,Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn,thavetaken D.mustn,thavetakenIncrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,youtakecareofyourluggage.A.can B.may C.must D.will——Shelooksveryhappy.Shehavepassedtheexam.——Iguessso.It,snotdifficultafterall.A.should B.could C.must D.mightItoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsIhavedrivenherthere..could B.must C.might D.should5.——Mr.Gordonaskedmetoremindyouofthemeetingthisafternoon.Doiitforgetit!——OK,I.A.won,t B.don,t C.can,t D.needn't.——HowisyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?---Itbe,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.will B.would C.shouldD.must.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,whichjustgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.A.shan,t B.can’t C.needn,t D.mustn't.——Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.——Youitinthewrongplace.A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput.——What'sthename?——Khulaifi.Ispellthatforyou?A.Shall B.WouldC.Can D.Might.——Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere? ---Well,ifyouknow,hernameisMabel.A.may B.can C.

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