专八改错技巧总结(同名6904)

专八改错技巧总结(同名6904)改错好像一直都是我们专八复习中的难点，有些错误根本就看不出来啊有姆有啊，好不容易看出来了一个还不是要改的那个错误啊有姆有，即便看出来也未必能改对有姆有啊，有的时候甚至连一半的分都拿不到啊有姆有~

但是看完这篇攻略后，相信你不会再迷茫~~

改错是一道基础性题目，考查的是基础语言能力，因为专八没有单项选择题（语法、词汇），所以对基础能力的考查都放在改错这一道题目上。改错主要考查：1.语法是否扎实；2.词汇掌握是否丰富，词汇的搭配与用法；3.对篇章结构（句子间逻辑关系）是否敏感

以下八大高频考点的分类出自《华研·专八人文知识与改错》，现将八大类错误整理如下，主要包括：1.短语搭配错误；2.易混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误，首先了解错误类型，对应对改错具有重要意义。另外，笔者在总结《华研·专八人文知识与改错》和《星火·专八改错满分突破60篇》两本练习册中近100篇改错题的基础上，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。

（注意：带—>的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有正确错误之分）

1.短语搭配错误（大部分为介词错误）carry/getwiththings–>carry/getonwiththingstoletalone–>letaloneinreturnto–>inreturnfortheneedof–>theneedforsubstituteAwithB–>substituteAforBaccount70%

-->accountfor70%underthegroundsof/that–>onthegroundsof/thatattitudeonlife–>attitudetowards/tolifeinaquickspeed–>ataquickspeedwithmanyrespects–>inmanyrespectsatthefaceof–>intheface(s)ofconsiderationsto…–>considerationsfor…becomevictimsof…

-->becomevictimsto…rideinatrain–>rideonatraintheproblemswiththegovernment–>theproblemsforthegovernmentresistiveagainst–>resistivetoresistanceof–>resistancetoembarksth–>embarkonsthwiththebeliefthat–>inthebeliefthatatadvanceofsth–>inadvanceofsthinterpret…to–>interpret…asinlineto–>inlinewithtovaringdegrees–>invaringdegreestakeprideof–>takeprideinleapouttome–>leapoutatmeinjectthemlethalstrains–>injectthemwithlethalstrainschargehim

with

thesameprice–>chargehimthesamepriceimbalanceofAandB–>imbalancebetweenAandBshortageofproteinwiththem–>shartageofproteinamongthemfortifysbforsth–>fortifysbagainststh(加强…以抵御…)shedlighttosth–>shedlightonsthinproportionwith–>inproportiontopayforitwithdollars–>payforitindollarsbeinlibertyto–>beatlibertytobeginatdoing–>beginwithdoingbecontrastedto–>becontrastedwithcommitanoffenceto–>commitanoffenceagainstmoderntime–>moderntimesabilityof(doing)sth–>abilityin(doing)sthdefendsthagainst–>defendsthfromatthefirstplace–>inthefirstplacepaymoneyindoing–>paymoneyfordoingtaketodo–>taketodoing(“求助于，开始”，to为介词)yearnto–>yearnforataverage–>onaverageidentifyoneselfto–>identifyoneselfwithbesuccessfulondoing–>besuccessfulat/indoinggetone’steethon–>getone’steethinto(埋头做，认真做)theactionofformation–>theactionofforming(of后应接动名词而非名词)approachtodo…–>approachtodoing…onecontributorof–>onecontributortoconsumersdemandofluxurygoods–>consumersdemandforluxurygoodsonone’s30s–>inone’s30sbalkto–>balkat(回避，绕过)differAfromB–>distinguishAfromBsuittosb/sth–>suitforsb/sthvaryby–varywithemphasisof–emphasison

2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative–imaginaryadapt–adoptconfirm–conformformer–formaldiary–dairypersonal–personnelbeside–besidesprincipal–principleintelligent–intelligibleconscious–conscientiousstationary–stationeryconsiderate–considerableaffect(影响)–effect(致使、达成)contact–contractmoral–moraleindustrious–industrialdesert–dessertrequire–acquire–inquirepresence–presentationsensible–sensitivetransformation–transmissionvalue–evaluatetense–tensionanything–somethingcooker–cookcomplexity(复杂性)–complex(合成体)insurance–assuranceprovide(提供)–provided/providing(假设，如果)perceive–conceiveeffective(有效的)–affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)

(2)形近(形异)近义词latter–laterlate(迟的，已故的)–latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远)–further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的)–healthful(有益健康的)effective–efficientcontinual(连续的)–continuous(持续不断的)respectable–respectfulhistoric–historicalrise–arise–raise–arousesure–insure–ensure–assureinreturnto–inresponsetoopposite–oppositionproducing–productivelonely–aloneacross–crossimpressed--impressivepermit(n.通行证)–permissionrelating–relatedmemorizing–memorablenormal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平)–norm(规范,行为标准)favorite–favorableacceptability–acceptanceeconomical–economicfew–littleafew–fewlittle–alittleinvent–discoverbefore–agoanother–otheragent(代理人)–agency(代理机构)reward(回馈)–award(奖赏)special–specific

(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly–first(firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)hardly(几乎不)–hard(努力地)sure–surelylate–latelyclear(完全地、径直地)–clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地)–highly(程度高地、非常)close(接近地、紧密地)–closely(紧密地、严密地)most(最)–most(大部分)

(4)反义词with–withoutpossible–impossiblesubjective–objectiveimport–exportbetter–worseemployee–employeremployment–unemploymentmodifiable–unmodifiablenatural–unnaturaldiscernable–indiscernablelent–borrowedexclusive–inclusiveindependency–dependencywilling–unwillingnothingmorethan–nothinglessthanagree–disagreerarely–frequently/oftenspecific–generalless–more(stillmore–stillless)most–leastknown–unknownrespective–irrespective(irrespectiveof表示“不管…”)majority–minorityresultin–resultfromfortunately--unfortunatelypowerful–powerlesseasiness–uneasinessprofessional–amateuraware–unawareinclude–exclude

(5)名词单复数异义moral–morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”)–collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)manner(方法,方式)–manners(礼仪,礼节)saving–savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币)–species(种类)（species只有单数）mean(n.平均值)–means(方法)

(6)易混短语livewith(同…一起生活,忍受)–liveby(靠…过活)goabout(doing)sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于)–goaround(四处走动,绕道走)tendto–intendtoinnextweek(以当下时间为基准点)–inthenextweek(以过去的时间为基准点)spend…indoingsth–spend…onsthdieof(内部)–diefrom(外部)ratherthan–otherthanhavesbdosth–havesthdonetakeon(从事，开始对付，呈现)–goon(继续)takeplace–taketheplaceofconsistin(在于)–consistof(包括)inall(总共)–afterall(毕竟)inreturn(作为报答)–inturn(反过来，轮流)onereasonfor+短语–onereasonwhy+句子bringout(使显露，使显现)–bringup(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)beworthdoing–beworthwhiletodoreactto(对…作出反应)–reactwith(以…作出反应)apply…to(将…应用于)–applyfor(请求，申请)

3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore–nevertheless/however

(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)and–but/whileor–andbut–becausemoreover–howeverafter–beforesince–althoughthereisno…–thereisalso…that–iffromnowon–fromthenonall–nonebesides–yetif–unlessbesides–excepttherefore–becauseso–becausesodoeshe…–neither/nordoeshe…that’swhy+结果–that’sbecause+原因asif–evenifwhether–if

4.代词错误（一致错误）their–itsthat–those

(需要特别注意)which–that(有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which–whatit–itself(主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/this–it(只有it可作形式主语)his–one’s(泛指时用one)you–yourselfit–theythis–suchXXislesssophisticatedthanwhattheyaretoday–XXislesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday

5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余ontheeitherside–>oneithersideintheEurope–>inEuropeinthewinter–>inwinter(季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman,the/anauthorofarecentbook–Kaufman,authorofarecentbook(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)taketheissue–>takeissue(对…持异议，不同意)

(2)定冠词缺漏amongmost–>amongthemostoneoffirst–>oneofthefirstatmosphere–>theatmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：theEquator,theOuterspace）betweenusandrest–>betweenusandtherestinminority–>intheminorityaroundfloor–>aroundthefloorpiano–>thepiano(西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)Englishlanguage–>theEnglishlanguageatheartof–>attheheartofworld–>theworld(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)inlongrun–>inthelongrun

(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustratethefurtherdifference–>illustrateafurtherdifference(diference第一次提及)

注意以下短语的区别inchurch–inthechurchatcollege–atthecollegeincourt–inthecourtinhospital–inthehospitalinoffice–intheofficeinprison–intheprisonatsea–attheseainschool–intheschoolattable–atthetable

6.形容词与副词使用错误havebeencurrently–>currentbewellequippedas–>beaswellequippedasheavyindustrialized–>heavily-industrializedspreadcolossal–>spreadcolossallysimilarstrong–>similarlystrongkeepthenumberconstantlyatXayear–>keepnumberconstantatXayearfeelhopelessthwarted–>feelhopelesslythwartedcomparativehighproportion–>comparativelyhighproportion(quakes)startdeeplyintheearth–>startdeepintheearthinthepassed5years–>inthepast5yearscultureembeddedattitudes–>culturallyembeddedattitudesasmuchas–>asoftenasfromonemeterafar–>fromonemeterawayincreasing–>increasinglysimple–>simplypure–>purelymuch–>manymany–>morelarge–>largerearly–>earlier

7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)aworldwhichIcouldget…–>aworldinwhichIcouldget…shows–>thatshows(先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)takeforgrantedthat–>takeitforgratedthat1980–1980soneofthemostglaringform–>oneofthemistglaringformstheirjobsengageintheirinterest–>theirjobsengagetheirinterest(engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complainabouts