2015年电大会计学本科学位英语考试题库词汇语法精选大全

1. After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to apply for American citizenship. stznp 公民身份;公民权 A. concentrate onknsntreit n 意思是集中精力于 可直接接名词 concentrate on sth 或concentrate on doing sth 或 concentrate ones effort on sth/doing sth 英B. apply for 申请C. look out for 密切注意； 提防；小心，留神 D. appeal on呼吁；有吸引力；求助；诉请 appeal for (v.+prep.) appeal to (v.+prep.)appeal to对。 。感兴趣appeal for渴望得到。2. Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910题干意思为：美国人现在每天所吃的蔬菜是 1910年的两倍多.A. more than twiceB. as twice as manyC. twice as many asD. more than twice as many答案 Dmore than twice表示倍数，放在 asas结构前，意思是“是的两倍多” 。此题显然是考查倍数的表示法。more than twice并没有错，尽管我们通常见到 twice more than，在这里是 more than(超出)来修饰 twice。此题易错选择 C，题于中 today后已经有了一个 as，如果选择 C则多出了一个 as。3. All Im trying to do is to find out why your condition has not been improved. 我所要做的是找出为什么你的情况没有得到改善A. look for “寻找” ，强度“找”的这个动作，后面直接跟名词；B. find out有“找出”的意思，更经常表示“发现、调查.” ，后面也是直接跟名词或 find sth. out（当 sth.不是人称代词的时候） 。C. search for 等于 look for 选 search for表一个过程,与前面的一般现在进行时态对应D. get in到达;收割;当选;被录取4. At no time and under no circumstances s:kmstns will I stop the experiment.A. will I stop B. will stop I C. may I stop D. I will stopcircumstances s:kmstns环境，境遇;事实，细节;典礼，仪式这三个词组都表示“绝不”的意思，否定短语，放句首要倒装,所以可以替换5. As Christmas was coming, the town began a thorough clearing on a large scale. 随着圣诞节的来临，城市开始大规模的彻底清理through ru:通过，穿过;经由;透过;凭借thorough r 彻底的，全面的，充分的，彻头彻尾的，though u 虽然，尽管;即使;纵然thought :t 思想;想法;关心;思索 想( think 的过去式和过去分词);思索;以为;认为thorough cleaning英r kli:n大扫除6. After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre. 战后，一所新的学校在原来是一个剧院的地方建立了A. that B. where C. which D. in which此题是由 where引起的地点状语从句，where 的含义相当于 at(in)the place where。考察关系代词和关系副词用法,四个选项分别表示那个,哪里,哪一个和在哪一个里面,根据后面从句内容 there had once been a theatre.作先行词”a new school building一所新学校”的定语,可知选 B. where引导的句子叫地点状语从句。翻译成“ .的地方”此题是由 where引起的地点状语从句，where 的含义相当于 at(in)the place where一、 where引导定语从句时, where是关系副词, 在从句中作地点状语, 其前面有表示地点的先行词, where 引导的从句修饰先行词。例如:The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here. 我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这就是我两年前住的那个房子。We will start at the point where we left off. 我们将从上次停下来的地方开始。二、where 引导状语从句时, where是从属连词, where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词, where前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如:Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet. 武汉位于长江和汉江汇合处。Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions. 在有疑问的地方做一个记号。I found my books where I had left them. 我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书。有时, where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义, 可放在主句的前面, 而 where引导的定语从句则不能。例如:Where there is a will, there is a way. 谚语有志者事竟成。Where there is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。三、在有些情况下, where 引导的定语从句可转换为 where引导的地点状语从句。例如:A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. （A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. ）在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. （Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. ）温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长7. A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland荒地;荒漠;贫乏 ten years ago.A,what B,which C,that D,where正确答案 A in后引导的是宾语从句,填空部分在从句中作主语,当名词性从句缺少主语,宾语,表语时,一般都用 what正确答案是 A，这是一个宾语从句，做介词 in的宾语,what 引导的从句就相当于一个名词， 十年前是荒原的地方 。相当于 the place which没错，which 引导的定语从句，the place 是先行词。what引导的从句担当双重成分，一：引导宾语从句，或说做介词 in的宾语；二：在从句中做主语（注意从句中缺少主语）a) where，引导的从句一定是完整的，不会缺少任何名词性成分（主语啊宾语啊的）如果要选 B、C、D，只有在当句子是定语从句的情况下才能选很显然，题目并不是定语从句，因为无论是主语部分还是谓语部分，成分都残缺that 和 which 做比较，主要在于它们在定语从句中的用法that 和 which 在定语从句中都是做关系代词，指代先行词是事物的名词或代词（that 还可以指代人，which 不可以） 。通常情况下二者可以互换。区别：关系代词用 that（不用 which）的情况：1. 先行词是 all, anything, everything, nothing 等,关系代词应用 thatThats all that he told me.2. 先行词前有 the only, the same, the very 或 no, little, much, any, every, all 等修饰时,关系代词应用 thatShe is the only person that I know in this company.3. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词常用 thatThe first thing that I want to do is to take it away.4. 当先行词同时含有“人“ 或 “物“时,关系代词应用 that5. 在固定结构 the same.that.; so.that.; such.that.以及 it is/was.that.的强调句型中,要用 thatThis is the same park that we once visited.6. 如主句以 there be 开头时 ,关系代词应用 thatThere is a room that has two windows.关系代词用 which（不用 that）的情况：1. 非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用 whichShe won the competition, which made the whole family very happy.2. 关系代词前如有介词,关系代词须用 which; 如把介词移至句末,可用 that(或省略)Theres only one problem about which they disagree.This is the key (that) she was looking for.3. 如果先行词是 that,关系代词应用 whichI know that which you told me.4. 如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用 whichLarry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book. (先行词为 story)5. 在“those+复数形式的名词 “结构中,其后的关系代词多用 whichA shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.6. 一个句子中如有两个定语从句,第一个定语从句用了关系代词 that,第二个从句中的关系代词宜用 which;但在平行结构中,应重复同一个关系代词This is the book that you bought which you have lost. I have a house which is located on the hillside, which faces the south.此外，that 还可引导同位语从句,which 不能I have heard the news that they had won the game.7. Alice trusts you. Only you can persuade her to give up the foolish idea. Alice很信任你。只有你才能说服她放弃这个愚蠢的想法。A. suggest B. help C. make D. persuade动词辨析。A 建议，没有 suggest sb to do sth这个结构。常规带动词固定形式是 suggest doing sth.意为建议做某事, I suggest trying once more.它也后引导宾语从句的用法 suggest that Clause 也同样地后面有两种形式 suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 意也为建议如: Mother suggests that I (should) stay at home today.suggest that sb. does/did sth. 意为暗示 如: His face suggested that I did rightB帮助。C使，没有 make sb to do sth这个结构, 只有 sb be made to do 或者 make sb do, My teacther makes me do my homework everyday。Your father makes you marry me when you grow up.D说服 persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。8. A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted murder谋杀未遂. A. advised劝说B. attended参加C. attempted试图D. admitted承认C 句意为：“一个涉嫌参与昨天夜里企图谋杀的人正在接受审讯。 ”Attempted adj.“未遂的”符合题意。being questioned 表示正在进行，属于现在分词的被动，表示与主句动作同时发生attempted murder谋杀未遂9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many cars in 2002 as the year before自新技术被引进后，该工厂的汽车产量较去年增加了两倍A.as twice many B.as many twice C.twice many as D.twice as many倍数+as many （或者 much）+名词+其他+as, 在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时，常用如下表达方式：（1）“倍数asadjadv （原级） as”,在两个 as之间可用 many（修饰可数名词） ，much（修饰不可数名词）和其它相应的词Introduce:提出；介绍；引进；作为的开头10. After the fire, what would otherwise be a cultural center is now reducedadj. 减少的，简化的 to a pile of ashes. .大火过后，往日的文化中心目前沦为一片废墟 a.that b. it c.which d.whatwhich既可以引导限定性定语从句，又可以引导非限定性定语从句。无论是限定性定语从句还是非限定性定语从句，定语从句的先行词要有指代的内容，这里如果用 which的话，是没有指代内容的。所以这句话应该是一个主语从句，因此用 what。因为一直用 sth.be.reduced过去分词是动词的非谓语形式的一种 ，可以当做形容词使用,所以就理解为形容词了a) be reduced to 沦为 减少到 被迫做短语be reduced to despairdspe(r) 陷入绝望dsprn.绝望;使人绝望的人（或事物）vi. 绝望be reduced to destitution 陷入穷困境地desttju:nn. 穷困，缺乏，贫穷be reduced to ash 化为灰烬be reduced to silence 减少到沉默 ; 减为沉默Be Reduced To Poverty 破落Be reduced to beggary 被迫乞讨be reduced to want 陷入贫困Should Be Reduced To 应减为be reduced to tears 伤心落泪11. A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift. 一个有五千册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。a) A.is offered B.have offered C.are offered D.has offered是单数 所以排除了 3 4A library是单数，而且是个物，所以要用单数的被动语态12. All the key words in the article are printed in bold粗体字;黑体字 type so as to attract readers attention. 在这篇文章中所有关键词都用粗体印刷，以便吸引读者的注意A. darkB. densedens密集的，稠密的;浓密的，浓厚的;愚钝的C. blackD.bold adj.明显的，醒目的;勇敢的，无畏的;莽撞的;陡峭的 n. 粗体字;黑体字bold type粗体13. By no means will Jane agree to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isnt convenient for her family and herself. 简决不会同意搬到一个新的地方,远离他的工作,因为它不方便家人和自己A.Jane will agree B.will Jane agree C.Jane will disagree D.will Jane disagre看看四个选项就知道这是语法考题。By no means放在句首就已经明白告诉我们，这是一个倒装句的标志，它是一个表示否定意义的短语。由此我们就可以排除掉 A和 C，只能在 B和 D当中选。在 B和 D里面我们刚才讲了这是一个表示否定意义的词，而 D选项当中的 disagree是一个含有否定意义的，这样的话就会造成两个否定意义的重叠，那就不对了，所以说我们答案是 B。14. By the end of this month, we surely will have found a satisfactory solution to the problem.i. A have found B will be finding C had found D will have found因为这句话的意思是 到这个月底,我们一定能找到解决这个问题的满意方法 而现在这个月还没有过完 ,所以应该用将来时 ,而且 by the end of 一般都用完成时 ,因为是到什么结束的时候的意思,当然会对现在产生影响了,所以用 将来完成时,就是答案 dby the time of 到。 。的时候by the end of 在。 。 。的末期（末端）, 这俩一般都用完成时态。15. Because of many mistakes, she was made to type these letters again. 因为错误频频,她被要求重新打一遍这些信件a) A.type B.to typing C.typed D.to type主动句里的 make sb（to） do sth 是省略了 to 的 如果改为被动句的话 就要把 to补充起来 语法书上就是这么讲的 譬如 My mother made me do housework yesterday改为被动句 就是 I was made to do housework yesterday（by my mother）made sb do是正确的，但是变被动时要变成 sb be made to do sthmake sth done=sth is made to be donemake sb. do sth.使得某人做某事 make oneself done使某人自己被句子的意思是:我可以使你理解,但是你得使自己在说英语时被理解.感官动词及使役动词(如：see，feel，hear ，watch，make ，bid 恳求;命令)在主动语态中用无 to 不定式作宾补，改为被动语态时不定式前要加 to16. I can make you_ what I say,but you cant make yourself_in English.A. understand .undertstand B.understand.understoodB. to understand.understand D.understand.to be understood我能让你明白我说的是什么，但是你不能（让别人）明白你自己（说的是什么）前面是 make others understand让别人理解，后面是让自己被别人理解 make oneself understood （by others） ，后面如果改成 but you can not make others understand yourself 就不用 understood了17. Before the guests come, I must get the glasses washed.i. A.washed B.to be washed C.being washed D.to washget sth done 使某物被.,washed 是现在分词形式,get sth done=have sth doneleave sth done使某物处于某种状态 see sth done heard sth done let sth done notice sth done 等get sth done 使某事被做。如： Go and get your hair cut. 去把头发理了。You must get the work done by Friday. 你必须最迟在星期五以前把工作做完。注：有时表示遭遇。如：He got his watch stolen. 他的表被偷了。He got his fingers caught in the door 他的手指让门给夹住了。18. Since customers work during the day, Billy has to collect the money from them at night. 因为许多顾客白天上班,所以毕利只好晚上去收钱.a) A. Since B. Although尽管 C. Therefore 因此所以 D. Fromsince侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为” 、 “既然” ，语气比 because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。as它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与 since相同，但语气更弱，没有 since正式，所引导的原因不能像 because引导得那么有强硬的因果关系。常译为“由于，鉴于” 。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。19. Could I borrow that book when youve finished reading it?Finish 后面没有跟 to do ，只能跟 doingFinished doing就是做完了一件事stop to do sth :停下手上的事情去做另一件事情 “停下来去做某事” stop doing sth:停止手中正做的事“停止做某事”forget to do sth忘记去做某事（事情未发生）forget doing sth 忘记某事（事情已发生)remeber to do sth记得去做某事 (未做）remeber doing sth 记得去做某事（已做）need to do sth 需要做某事（主动）need doing sth需要做某事（被动） ，表被动人need to do 物need doing 物need to be done20. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computers. 句意: 人们普遍认为Charles Babbage发明了第一台计算机a) a.to have invented b.inventing c.to invent d.having invented这是一个被动结构的句子: 被认为,因为已经发明了，是完成时，所以用 have inventedbe considered to do表示被认为consider doing是考虑做某件事其中涉及短语 be considered to have done 被人为做了某事21. .Can you tell the difference between the two phrases?i. A.tell,between B.speak,from C.say,of D.talk,betweentell the difference between. 区别。 。 。的不同 区别,区分22. Dont worry if you cant understand everything. The teacher will review the main points at the end.A. record记录 B. review 复习、回顾 C. require 要求 D. remember 记得整句话的意思是：如果你什么也不理解，别担心。老师会在一节课结束的时候回顾重点。23. Do you think that the labor bill劳动法案 will be passed?“ 你觉得劳动法案会获得通过？“Oh, yes. Its very likely that it will.A. almost surelyB very likelyC near positiveD quite certainly这里是主系表结构之后加表语从句，所以只能在选项里选形容词性的一个词,surely,certainly 都是副词，不对，near positive（本身就有错)意思上也不对 positive是积极的意思，只有 likely是形容词性，“可能地“will be passed是将来时的被动语态；第 2个句子不是被动语态，是个系表结构be likely to do sth很有可能做某事Its likely that.某事很有可能发生24. Dialogue is a total loss unless the reader knows who is speaking. 对话是一个总损失，除非我们知道说话的是谁A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; thea) 定冠词 the 定冠词表示特指,特指某物,b) 不冠词 a ,不定冠词表示泛指 25. Do you mind if I call you Ben? - Not at all.A. in the slightest用最轻微的B. all C. not at all D. in the slightNever mind 可以在别人给你道歉的时候说(用于接答歉意的表示)没有关系,不要记在心上例如: Never mind, Ill do it myself. 没关系,我自己来做。not at all 一点也不；别客气当两者都表示根本不，一点也不的意思时：not in the slightest 与 not at all两者几乎是等同的，只是 not in the slightest是英式英语，美国人不用此法. slatst 最轻微的;微小的( slight 的最高级 );细小的;不结实的;无须重视的一、用于回答感谢，意为“不用谢；不客气” 。如：A：Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。B：Not at all. I enjoyed it. 别客气，很高兴能帮你。A：thank you very much. 非常感谢你。B：Not at all. It was the least I could do. 不用谢，这是我应该做的。二、用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话，意为“没什么；哪里哪里” 。如：A：You are very kind. 你真好。B：Not at all. 没什么。A：Its very kind of you. 你真客气。B：Not at all. 哪里哪里。三、用于回答道歉，意为“没关系” 。如：A：Im sorry Im late. 对不起，我迟到了。B：Oh, not at all, do come in. 噢，没关系，请进来。四、用来表示否定(是 No的加强说法)，意为“一点也不；完全不” 。如：A：Are you busy? 你忙吗? B：Not at all. 一点不忙。A：Is it difficult to study English? 英语难学吗? B：Not at all. 一点不难。26. Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within the reach of little children.A. hand B. reach C. space D. distancewithin ones reach意思是在某人伸手够得到的地方【解析】reach 表示可触及的范围，题意即在某人触手可及的范围内。其他选项都无这种搭配。27. Did you notice the little boy take the candy and run away? A. took the candy and run B. taking the candy and run ,taking与 run并列，形式应该一样 C. take the candy and run D. taking the candy and runningnotice sb do sth ,指注意某人干过某事notice sb doing sth ，指注意某人正在做某事固定搭配：notice sb doing sth（注意到某人正在做某事）以及 notice sb do sth（注意某人做某事）此题译为：你看到那个男孩拿着糖并且跑了吗？开头 Did提问是过去式，所以这里用 take。不用 took.28. Dont worry me now,I will mend that coat by and by. 现在别烦我，我一会儿去补那件衣服A. by and by不久以后 B. off and on 不时;断断续续地;间歇地;时作时辍C. back an forth来来往往地, 来回地 D. now and then 偶尔；有时29. Do you have anything with which to treat our guests.A.with which to treat our guests B.to treat our guests with it C.which to treat our guests with D.treating our guests这是定语从句,介词放在关系代词前或放句尾都可以,但 with which相当与一个介词短语,一般不分开用,否则离得太远,容易让人误解 Do you have anything to treat our guests with?A。which 引导一个定于从句修饰 anything，with 是 treat的介词要前置于定于从句的引导词 which前面。其实这是一个定语从句呀，先行词是 anything！而且嵌了一个短语-treat sb with sth.括号里到部分是修饰anything的，或者你可以把它当成是 anything的一个补充说明。句子的意思就是：你有东西可以招待我们到客人吗？（你有东西-用这些东西招待客人）30. E-mail writing has became the usual means of communication with people some distance away.emai已经成为与远距离的人联系的一种常用手段了A.for B. on C. to C. with【解析】communicate with 与联系, 与交往 介词with 是固定搭配。31. Encouragement is sometimes much more effective than criticism. krtszmA. effective B. efficient C. executive D. extensiveexecutive adj. 执行的;管理的;政府部门的 n. 主管；行政官；行政部门he university is headed by a rector, its chief executive officer. 该大学由一个校长担任领导，他是学校的主要执行官员effective - 表示有效果的efficient - 表示高效的这道题目里面，强调的是鼓励比批评更有效果。而不是鼓励比批评更高效。所以选 Aextensive广大的，广阔的；大量的，广泛的 The mansion has extensive grounds.这大厦四周的庭园广阔32. He was ill for a long time, but he tried his best to catch up with his classmates.a) A. Having been ill B. Being ill C. Though he was ill D. He was illfor a long time 1. 长期以来 2. 很长一段时间 3. 早已 4. 很长时间but是连词，其前后两部分要对等。此例中 but后面是一个分句，那么前面也应当是一个分句。如选 A就不是分句了，就只是一个现在分词短语了，因为它没有主语，也没有谓语动词。现在分词是“非谓语动词。同理，B也不能选。but不与 though连用，排除 C。33. Given the choice between work and play, Tom would surely prefer the latter.Alate Blater Clatter Dlastlate 副词 在很小的时候; 年纪还小时37. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.这句话的意思是；健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼有紧密的联系。a) A.limit B.lack C.need D.demanda limit of ,因为根本没有这个短语a need of Im in such a need of the job that I cant afford any mistakes.我太需要这份工作了.我可不能犯什么错.a demand of: As the economy and society develops, China needs to improve workers legal rights and interests, which is a demand of a civilized society. 随着社会经济发展，中国政府将推动加强员工合法权益的保障，这是一个文明社会的需要。a need of和 a demand of 是“需要“的意思be closely connected with 英 bi: klsl knektd wi 与息息相关a lack of是缺少的意思，是形容词。38. He must have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.should B. must C. wouldnt 将不, 不会的 D.cant他一定是已完成工作了；否则，他就不会在海边玩得那么高兴了由此可知是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，故用 must情态动词的语法特征 1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2） 情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。 3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式 情态动词+ have +过去分词 5） may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。 Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously严重地 in the car accident. Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 2）must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”“谅必”的意思。b) -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. c) -She must have gone by bus. 3）ought to have done sth, should have done sth d) 本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了” 。 You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. e) He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。 ） f) ought to 在语气上比 should 要强。 4）neednt have done sth 本没必要做某事 g) I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5）would like to have done sth 本打算做某事 h) I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy . should 和 ought to i. should 和 ought to 都为“应该“的意思，可用于各种人称。 A. -Ought he to go? B. -Yes. I think he ought