[医药]医务人员实用英语未完待续.doc

医务人员实用英语由于网络原因，视频文件难以上传，建议到培训中心直接复制文件，请见谅！目录（点击课程序号即可查阅学习内容）第1课（5-9） 第2课（5-16） 第3课（5-23） 第4课（5-30） 第5课（6-6） 第6课（6-13） 第7课（6-20） 第8课(6-27) 第9课(7-4) 第10课(7-11)第11课（7-18） 第12课（7-25） 第13课(8-1) 第14课(8-8) 第15课(8-15)第一课(2007-5-9)Part One at the Surgery DepartmentChapter 1 Receiving a Road Accident VictimDialogue 1A: What seems to be the problem?B: Well, I was crossing the road, where a car came round the corner too quickly, and when the driver saw me, it was too late to stop. I was knocked to the ground, and when I got up, my left arm and elbow were grazed, and now, I have a pain in my ribs.A: Ill just take a look. Where does it hurt?B: Its hard to say. It hurts all over.A: Does it hurt when I do this? (The doctor presses the patients ribs.)B: Ouch! The pain is very bad when you press here.A: Your arm and elbow seem to be all right, but to be on the safe side, youd better go to the X-ray Department. When the X-rays are ready, bring them back to me to examine. Heres the form that youll need for the X-rays. Ill see you later!第二课(2007-5-16)Dialogue 2(The patient brings back the X-ray plates)A: Here are my X-rays.B: Ill just have a look. Everything is O.K., except you can see here. Theres a hairline fracture. Its not very serious, but you should take a month off work, and rest in bed as much as possible. Ill give you some herbal medicine to help you heal quickly. Take it twice a day, morning and evening. A: will I need to be put in plaster?B: No, it isnt necessary. Ill just write you a sick note to send to work. And here is the prescription for your herbal medicine.A: Thank you very much, doctor.B: Not at all. Goodbye!A: Good bye!第三课(2007-5-23)Chapter 2 Before and after the operationDialogue 1A: I can see from your X-ray that your femur is broken in several places, and Im afraid well have t operate. Lie here, and dont move your leg. Someone will come for you to take you to the Operating Theatre.B: All right, doctor.A: When you wake up, your leg will be in plaster, and youll have to stay in hospital fro about four weeks.B: Why do I have to stay in hospital so long?A: Because your leg will have to in traction. So we cant let you go home. But every day the nurses will wheel you into the Day Room, or if the weather is nice, into the garden, and well make sure that you get the best possible treatment.A: Can someone telephone my family to let them know that Im here?B: Yes. Ill make sure its done right away. 第四课(2007-5-30)Dialogue 2A: Let me have a look how your leg is doing today.B: Its very painful.A: Now the anaesthesia has worn off. Well give you some strong painkiller. Its normal to have a lot of pain at this stage.B: How long will this pain last?A: Im afraid it will last about two weeks, but well give you plenty of painkillers to keep it under control,. So dont worry.B: Is it a good idea to eat some soup made with marrow bone to help my leg heal quickly?A: It wont do you any harm, and it may do you some good.B: Can I order the soup here?A: No. Youll have to ask your family to bring some in. They can keep it in the ward refrigerator, and you can ask the nurse to heat it up for you.B: Is there anything else I can do to help?A: Relax and enjoy yourself as much as possible. Ask you family to bring in your favorite food, and you can also ask our cook to make special food you like. Make the most of your time in bed, whilst you dont have to work.B: Thank you, doctor.第五课(2007-6-6)第六课（2007-06-13）Popular Scientific Medical English for Medical PersonsSupplementary Reading (1)Medicines May Soon Come in the Form of FoodIf western people think they are healthy eaters, they will have to think again. The no cholesterol, low-fat, high-fiber, calcium enriched, sugar-less, preservative-additive color-free-with-added-vitamins diet is about to become a passing fashion. The new buzz word in the food industry is nutraceuticals, food that provide medical benefits as well as traditional nutrients. In the new millennium, natural foods wont be able to compete with bio-engineered and processed foods.The lycopene discovery is a case in point.Processed tomato products containing oil that facilities the absorption of lycopene are better than eating the real thing, raw tomatoes.The conventional wisdom, however, is that, if you have a well-balanced diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables, youll get all the vitamins and mminerals and nutrients you need for a healthy body.Supplements, nutritionists often claim, are a waste of money.A vitamin and mineral supplement is recommended for even healthy individuals as a key element in the prevention of many of these degenerative diseases.However, vitamin and mineral foods may also create problems through over-dosing and interaction.The optimal dose for many vitamins and minerals is unknown and some can be toxic in high doses.As nutraceuticals of functional foods start to fill the supermarket shelves, it will become harder to work out exactly what dosage of vitamins and minerals we are ingesting or what effect it is having on us.The line between food and medicine will become increasingly blurred, and the health claims more imaginative.Most food companies are reluctant to have their product categorized as a medicine, because of the requirement for expensive research and lengthy clinical trials. In the US and Europe, nutraceuticals exist in regulatory twilight zone.Problems aside, the new revolution in food could produce some useful lifestyle products.Commonly Used Medical Terms and Expressions(1) 各类医院及医疗机构anti-epidemic station army hospital; military hospitalattached hospital; affiliated hospitalbase hospital; rear hospitalchest hospitalchildrens hospitalchildrens polyclinicChinese medical hospitalClinicEENT hospitalfield hospitalfirst-aid stationgeneral hospitalhealth centerhealth center for women and childreninfectious disease hospitalisolation hospitalmaternity hospitalmental hospital; lunatic hospitalobstetrical and gynaecological hospitalsanatoriumspecial hospitalstomatology hospital; oral medical hospital tumor hospital询问症状（一般症状）What brought you here?Tell me what symptoms you have.Have you a bitter taste in your mouth?Do you get a pain in your chest when you cough?Have you noticed any difference in your urine?Have you noticed any blood when you pass water?Did it come on slowly or suddenly?Will you describe one of these attacks?When was your last complete physical?Do you feel the pain when you touch your tooth with your tongue?Do you gums bleed when you brush your teeth?询问病史Have you had any major operations?Have you had any serious illness in the past?Is there anyone in your family with water trouble?How did the doctor diagnose your case?Are you quite healthy otherwise?Did the medicine affect you in any other way?Have you had a cold or the flu recently?第七课(2007-6-20)Part Two at the Dermatology DepartmentChapter 3 a Skin ProblemDialogue 1A: Ive had a rash all over my body and it itches all the time, and I have some lumps on my arms. Can you give me anything for it?B: Let me have a look. How long have you had this rash?A: About three days.B: Have you noticed if anything makes it worse?A: I really dont know.B: Have you ever had it before?A: I had it once before. When I was small. I went on holiday with my parents to the seaside, and I had the same rash there.B: Have you eaten any seafood recently?A: I dont usually eat it, but I ate some at a dinner about three days ago.B: In that case, you might be allergic to seafood. Dont eat seafood, and Ill give you some medicine to take. And dont scratch it even if its very itchy.A: O.K., doctor. 第八课(2007-6-27)Dialogue 2A: My skin has suddenly gone rough and red, doctor, and spots keep breaking out. Is there anything I can do?B: Have you used anything different on your face? Or have you been on any medication?A: I usually use Chinese face cream, but for my birthday, I got some very expensive American face cream which smells very nice, and I wonder if that could be the problem.B: Do you have the face cream with you?A: Yes, here it is.B: It smells very strong. Maybe youre allergic to the perfume in it. Quite a lot of people are allergic to highly perfumed creams. I suggest you stop using it immediately. Ill write you a prescription. Use the dosage Ive prescribed. And if theres no improvement within two days, come back to me. Remember, not everything expensive or foreign is necessarily better.A: All right, doctor, Ill remember. 第九课(2007-7-4)Supplementary Reading (2)Quality Control of PharmaceuticalsBasically speaking, there are two ways for testing of drugs: chemical and physical methods. The chemical method is the basic one, such as color change of a chemical reaction for the identification and the neutralization for the assay.And the physical methods are used to measure the physical characteristics of drugs.For example, the melting range of a pharmaceutical substance is measured with the melting point apparatus.Some drugs like levodopa are optical active, it is very important to measure their optical reaction. The drug enantiomers might show pharmacological effects, it is necessary to measure the specific optical rotation for a chiral drug.In the production of a pharmaceutical substance, organic solvents are used for purification.This method for monitoring the organic residual solvents is specified in the pharmacopoeia.It is required to determine the residual organic solvents if they are toxic like benzene, chloroform, etc.It is specified in the pharmacopoeia that gas chromatography is used to determine the residual organic solvents, because the solvents are volatile.Drug substances may contain impurities.There are generally three different kinds of impurities: related substances, degradation products and foreign matter.Methods used to detect impurities should be sensitive, such as thin layer of chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography.The methods of thin layer of chromatography is for the identification, test and assay of Chinese traditional medicines with a thin layer of chromagraphy scanner.A basic high performance liquid chromatography is composed of a pump, and injection valve, a column containing stationary phase, a detector and a data processor.And the high performance liquid chromatography develops very fast because its separation function is excellent.The responses obtained form the detector can be processed to calculate the concentration of individual components separated.Most analytical laboratories are equipped with ultraviolet spectrophotomers.With it, the maximum or minimum absorption wavelength of a drug substance can be used for its identification.The absorption at a definite wavelength can be used for the assay by comparing a reference substance of its specific absorption.The infrared spectrophotometer is very useful for the identification of drug substances.The classical Kjeldal Nitrogen Determination is used to determine the content of drug substances containing nitrogen, but most of such drug substances are determined by non-aqueous titration.I there is no suitable indicator to detect the end point, it will be specified in the pharmacopeia by potentiometry with electrodes and a potentiometer.The solid dosage forms are classified into two forms: immediate-release and modified-release forms.In order to demonstrate the drug release of the solid dosage form, dissolution tests are used.Commonly Used Medical Terms and Expressions(2) 医院各部门admission officebandaging roomblood tankcashiers (window)consulting roomdelivery roomdischarge officedispensary; pharmacyemergency room; emergency departmentemergency ward female wardinpatient departmentinfant roomisolation roomisolation wardlaboratorymale wardnursing departmentobservation wardoperation room; operation theateroutpatient roomrecord roomregistery; registration officewaiting roomward二、检查时的指令Let me have a look at your throat. Open your mouth and say ah.Can I have your arm? Ill take your blood pressure.Let me examine your chest. Please unfasten your jacket. Take a deep breath and hold it. Breathe in /out.Sit on the edge of the table. Let me test your reflexes.Let me feel your pulse.Take out your plate/dentures.There, now bit. Does it feel alright?第十课(2007-7-11)Part Three at the Pediatrics DepartmentChapter 4 a Sick Child (1)Dialogue 1A: Whats the matter with this little chap?B: He has a chesty cough all the time. His temperature is high, and he keeps telling me he wants to be sick.A: Does he bring anything up?B: No, because he has been off his food for the past two days. He just brings up bile.A: Ill just have a look at him. (To the boy) Let me pop this into your mouth to take your temperature. (To his mother) It looks like Id better take it rectally as he wont keep it in his mouth. (Five minutes later) Well, hes got quite a fever. Heres a note for you to take to X-ray. Take him a long there as soon as possible, and bring the plate back to me. B: Thank you. Ill go right away.第十一课(2007-7-18)Chapter 5 a Sick Child (2)Dialogue 1 Dr. Smith is a pediatrician. Mr. Walter brought his son Allen age 6 to Dr. Smiths office.A: Good morning, Mr. Walter. Good Morning, Allen. Whats wrong?B: Good morning. Dr. Smith. Allen has had diarrhea for three days.A: Co you have a stomache, Allen?B: Yes.A: Allen, Id like to check your abdomen. Lie down on the table. No pain here?B: No.A: Here?B: Yes, a little bit.A: And here?B: Yes, strong.A: OK. Id like to have your blood count and you stool tested. Mr. Walter, would you take this container and get a specimen from Allen. Then take the container and this slip of the blood test to the laboratory. Theyll do the test for you.B: Thank you, doctor.A: You should wait for the result and bring the laboratory report back to me.B: Dr. Smith, here are the laboratory reports.A: Lets see. According to the reports, Allen has got summer diarrhea. Ill write out a prescription fro him. Take the medicine as prescribed. He should be better in a couple of days.B: OK. Thanks a lot.A: Give me a call if theres anything wrong.B: I will, thanks.Supplementary Reading (3)British Columbias Children Hospital in Vancouver 温哥华省儿童医院BCCHIn North America, every hospital has its own mission statement.The mission statement of BCCH is to serve as the major child health resource center for the province and provide leadership in the areas of clinical services, research, education and child health promotion.The hospital serves patients form birth to age 16 throughout the province.A wide range of outpatient programs enable children to receive treatment without an overnight stay.They have a referral system for a titiary hospital like BCCH.Patients must be referred by a family physician to a pediatric specialist in order to attend a clinic. With the exception of adolescent drop in programs and the Emergency Department and related the General Pediatric Clinic.Regarding the inpatient wards, it has a Care-By-Parent-Unit, which provides a multidisciplinary team approach to the care of the hospitalized child in which the parent functions as an integral, equal and important member of the health care team.The Unit consists of paitent/parent rooms, nursing station conference room, staff washroom, head nurse office, utility rooms, kitchen/dining area, lounges, shower, bathtub and access to an outdoor patio etc.It looks more like an ordinary house than a hospital unit.BCCH tries to achieve that to make children feel like they are at home.In addition there are support services such as Auditory and Speech Pathology, Biomedical Communications. Child Life, Nutrition Services. Occupational Therapy, Pharmacy, Radiology and so on. Take Child Life service for instance, the Child Life specialists provide programs in playrooms at the bedside. To meet the emotional, social, physical and intellectual needs of hospitalized children.Through selected activities such as medical play, children can overcome their fears about the hospital.The Child Life Department arranges special events to celebrate holidays, festivals and birthdays for BCCHs patients.In addition, the hospital is affiliated with the University of British Columbia and other institutions.It is a partner in the education of health care professionals and in the advancement of child health resources.Commonly Used Medical Terms and Expressions(3) 医院各科biochemistry departmentdental departmentdental surgery departmentdermatology department; skin departmentcardiosurgery departmentcerebral surgery departmentgynaecology departmentinfectious disease departmentinternal medicine departmentmanipulation clinicobstetrics and gynaecology departmentoncology departmentophthalmology departmentphysiotherapy departmenttraditional Chinese medicine departmentENT departmentGeneral medi