[法律资料]俄罗斯论文：转型时期俄罗斯法治的构建与发展.doc

俄罗斯论文：转型时期俄罗斯法治的构建与发展【中文摘要】法治在当代社会成为一种全球性的主导话语。俄罗斯在经历社会转型走向世界的同时,不可避免地要融入到这一话语之中。俄罗斯的社会转型是漫长的,同时也将是一个相当复杂的过程。法治国家作为不容拒绝的世界性潮流,是其转型期内应有的诉求。但俄罗斯特殊的发展历史将使其在法治之路上艰难前行。俄罗斯的法治之路应如何走下去却是个有待深入探讨的问题。笔者从俄罗斯的法治国家建设的基础、进程和特征入手,结合其特有的文化传统及现实挑战,对俄罗斯法治的构建与发展之路稍做探索。全文共分为四个部分：第一部分主要阐述转型时期俄罗斯法治构建与发展的基础。笔者主要从理论基础和现实基础两方面介绍。理论基础主要介绍俄罗斯历史上对法治国家理论的认识及其曲折发展过程；现实基础从经济条件、制度条件、文化条件和社会条件来论述当前俄罗斯法治构建与发展的基础具备与否。第二部分主要介绍进入社会转型期以来俄罗斯法治发展的历史进程。从叶利钦时期的混乱到普京的新政,一直到现在的梅普组合新形势,俄罗斯的法治从机械构建逐渐走向稳步发展。第三部分着重分析了转型时期俄罗斯法治发展的特征。首先在俄罗斯法治构建过程中,俄罗斯的传统文化与西方的法治文明相冲突,这正是制约俄罗斯法治发展的重要原因。其次,俄罗斯中央与地方关系的动荡变化,是其法治国家发展不够稳定的重要因素。第三,文章分析了俄罗斯的政府推进型法治发展模式带来的利与弊。第四部分主要对中国的法治建设略作建议。首先中国的法治建设必须坚持社会主义道路,理清法治与社会主义之间的关系；其次,中国的法治建设要注重本土资源的利用,要吸取俄罗斯一味照搬西方模式的教训。再次,通过与俄罗斯处理中央与地方关系的比较,对中国如何正确处理中央地方关系提出了几点建议。最后,在俄罗斯的经验之下,中国的政府推进型法治模式应向混合型逐渐发展。【英文摘要】In the modern society, the rule of law has become a dominant topic in the whole world. Russia, the country in the social transformation also has to face this topic. However, because of the special developing history, this country has a rough way to go in the law construction. Russia, as the legal succeeding state of former Soviet Union, has been in a difficult position. This country is puzzled during its development, however, this nation is strong enough to face the future. The social transformation of Russia is complex and endless. Being a country under the rule of law is a global trend, and Russia has to realize it in the transmission period. How to realize the law construction is a problem for Russia in the future. Starting from the base, progress, and features of Russias law construction, and combining its special cultural tradition and challenges, the author has made a research on the law construction and development of Russia. The whole paper can be divided into the following 4 parts:In the first part, the base of Russian law construction and development in the social transformation period has been presented. The author has classified the base as theoretical base and actual base. The theoretical base mainly introduces the history of Russian law construction and its winding development. While the actual base discusses the current law construction and development of Russia in combination with the economic, institutional, social and cultural conditions.In the second part, the developing process of Russian law construction since the social transformation period has been introduced. From chaos in the Boris Yeltsin period to the New Deal of Putin, and until now, Meip is reorganizing the whole situation, the law construction of Russia is stepping into a stale development.In the third part, the main feature of Russian law development has been analyzed. Firstly, in the law construction process, the Russian traditional culture is in conflict with the western civilization, which is the main restriction of Russian law construction; secondly, the central and local governments are not in a harmonious relationship, which is also an important factor for the unstable development of law construction; lastly, the paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the option of Russian law construction model-the government pushing forward the law construction development.In the fourth part, the author proposes some suggestions on the Chinese law construction according to the former analysis of Russian law construction and development. Firstly, the law construction of China has to be kept on the socialist road, and the relationship between the rule of law and socialist has to be made clear; secondly, the law construction of China has to make good use of its own resources and should not imitate the western model simply just like the Russia did; Thirdly, after comparing the relationship between Russian central and local government, the author gives some suggestions on how to deal with the relationship between central and local government in China; lastly, according to the experience of Russia, the government pushing forward model in China should be changed into a more mixed model【关键词】俄罗斯 社会转型 法治 构建【英文关键词】Russia Social Transformation The rule of law Construction【目录】转型时期俄罗斯法治的构建与发展摘要4-6Abstract6-7引言8-10一、转型时期俄罗斯法治构建与发展的基础10-18(一) 俄罗斯法治构建与发展的理论基础10-13(二) 俄罗斯法治构建与发展的现实基础13-18二、转型时期俄罗斯法治构建与发展的历史进程18-26(一) 叶利钦时期18-21(二) 普京时期21-23(三) “梅普”新时期23-26三、转型时期俄罗斯法治构建与发展的特征26-