2012MIT史上最年轻毕业典礼演讲SalKhan.docx

MIT史上最年轻毕业典礼演讲Sal Khan， 2012Also like Hogwarts, MIT brings young people from around the country and world who are a little bit off-the-charts in their potential for this “magic.” Some come from environments and communities that celebrated their gifts. Others had to actively hide their abilities and passions for fear of being ostracized and ridiculed. Students come to MIT from every religion, every ethnicity. Some from educated, affluent families, others from ones that live at or near poverty. But they you, we shared a common passion. Something that made us feel a little different. We sensed that MIT might be a place where there were others like us. Where we could challenge ourselves and develop our craft.如同哈利波特中的霍格沃兹魔法学校一样，麻省理工学院（下文简称麻省）汇集了世界各地对某种“魔法”稍微有些天赋的年轻人。有些人因为这种天赋而从小受到褒奖。有些人则需要努力隐藏这种天赋，因为他们害怕别人排斥和嘲笑。麻省的学生来自五湖四海，民族各异。有些人来自于教育良好的富足家庭，有些人则来自不太富裕或贫穷的家庭。但是他们你们和我们拥有共同的爱好。这种爱好使我们与别人略显不同。我们感到麻省是我们这种人待的地方，是我们能够挑战自我和提高技能的地方。More than, I believe, any institution, MIT attracts and admits this type of creative raw potential, these young people with unusual gifts, with the desire to and ability to push all of humanity forward.不仅如此，我相信作为一个研究机构，麻省承认这种少有的创造性天赋，并吸引着具有特殊才能的年轻人，希望并有能力能够推动人类前进的年轻人。And more than any other institution, MIT pushes these incredible young people to realize what they are capable of.不仅如此，麻省还促使这些年轻人意识到了他们能够做什么。This is a place where students with perfect SAT scores and genius level IQs can and will fail exams. A place where students who may have been the brightest student in their school, state or country often feel mediocre and stressed. A place where sleep regularly takes a back seat to the intellectual intensity of the curriculum.在这里，SAT成绩很高或IQ水平很高的天才也可以并有可能挂科。在这里，曾经在自己以前学校或国家学习很好的学生会感到平庸与压力。在这里，课程强度比规律的睡眠更重要But this intensity is what forges deep bonds, honesty and compassion. You have laughed together, comforted each other, procrastinated together and cried together. You have been with each other at your best and worst moments. Like soldiers who have fought alongside each other,you have shared experiences that the rest of the world may not understand or even comprehend.但这种强度需要深入的结合，诚实与融合。你必须和你的伙伴一起哭，一起笑，互相安慰，互相拖延。你们必须共同度过最美好和最糟糕的时光。如同士兵携手作战一样，你们要分享世界上不能被人理解的经验。Because of this, whenever you see another MIT graduate the rest of your life, you know that you have a past in common. That you both have secret powers that you often keep hidden from regular view. Regardless of how different your pre-MIT backgrounds may have been, you will feel deeply connected like people meeting from a long lost village or family or galaxy. You will actively seek other MIT people out. When others talk about an intellectually challenging experience they had or complain about how hard they had to work, you will glance at the other MIT grad in the room and share a quick smirk.正是由于如此，无论何时你看到一个麻省的学生，你都会感到你们有共同点。你们都曾隐藏着常人不曾看到的秘密力量。无论你们在进入麻省之前的经历有多么不同，现在你们将会紧紧相连，就像遇见了许久不见的乡亲或是家人一样。你们将会主动需找其他麻省人。当其他人谈论他们学术上令人挑战的经验或是他们抱怨工作很辛苦时，你会在房间中找到麻省的校友并挤个眼。And if you are the preferred gender for each other, then you also might just realize that they have a certain twinkle in the eye. A certain beauty to the tilt of their head when they are deep in thought. Their competence and expertise makes you wonder what type of civilization you could create together. In short, you discover that you find them irresistibly attractive.如果恰好是异性，那么你会发现他们也会对你挤个眼。当他们陷入沉思时，头发的颜色显得格外漂亮。他们的能力和才干让你思考你们可以一起创造何种文明。总之，你认为他们极其有魅力。So coming here, I really feel like I have come to my roots. That I am surrounded by an incredibly good-looking family that I am deeply connected to and that I care deeply about.说到这儿，我觉得我可以得出结论了。我周围的人就像我的家人。他们漂亮，和我不可分割，而且我深深地关心着他们。Many of you will soon enter the outside world and be somewhat taken aback. It will be far less efficient, far less fair, far less productive, and far more political than what you may have imagined it to be. There will be pessimism and cynicism everywhere. It is easy to succumb to this, to become cynical or negative yourself. If you do, you with the potential that you have, it would be a loss for yourself and for humanity.你们很多人不久之后将会步入社会，有可能不适应外面的社会。这个社会可能没有你想象的那么高效，公平，多产。这个社会更讲究人际和世俗。这些很容易使你们屈服，变得同样世俗和消极。但如果你变成了这样的人，这就可惜了你和你的潜力。这是你的遗憾，也是人类的遗憾。To fight these forces of negativity, to increase the net positivity in the world, to optimize the happiness of yourself and the people you love, here are some tips and tools that I like to return to. I am not too much older than most of you, so take all of this with a large grain of salt.要与这些消极因素做斗争，要增加世界的积极性，要使你们自己喝你们所爱的人尽可能快乐，我可以告诉你们一些窍门。我并没有比你们大多数人年长很多，所以很多东西还需要你们自己体验。Start every morning with a smile even a forced one it will make you happier. Replace the words “I have to” with “I get to” in your vocabulary. Smile with your mouth, your eyes, your ears,your face, your body at every living thing you see. Be a source of energy and optimism. Surround yourself with people that make you better. Realize or even rationalize that the grass is truly greener on your side of the fence. Just the belief that it is becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.每天早晨微笑，尽管是挤出来的微笑，但这会使你更快乐。说话时将“我必须做”改成“我要做”。用你的嘴，眼睛，耳朵，脸和身体对着你看到的任何东西微笑。充满能量和乐观。去和那些使你感觉不错的人在一起。想象着或幻想着你这边的青草更绿。这些都是一些有自我满足感的想法。View stressful, political interactions as nothing more than a deeply immersive strategy game. One that can be won if you stay focused on what matters most and your emotions and ego are not tiedto your argument.有压力的视角，政治交流使得一切就如同思想深入的博弈一样。在这场博弈中能赢得人必须要关注所有事情，使得自己的情绪不被自己的争辩所影响。If you find yourself arguing with someone whom you respect and love, try to surrender your own ego to the shared identity you have with that person. In the heat of an argument, do the opposite of what your pride tells you to do. If you have the self-control, stop talking and give your opponent a random, intense minute-long hug.如果你发现你自己和你尊重和你爱的人争辩起来，那么试着放下你的自尊心，分享你与那个人共同知道的东西。当争辩进行到白热化的时候，做一些你自尊心驱使的相反的事情。如果你能够自我控制，那么停下争辩，给你的对手一个放松，长时间，紧紧的拥抱。Make people feel that you care about them. And heres, a well, a little secret, the best way to dothis is to actually care about them.让人们感到你在乎他们。在这里，给你们一个小秘诀，最好的方法便是做到真的关心他们。Make people feel that you are listening to them. Another little secret, the best way to do this is to actually listen.让人觉得你在倾听他们。再给你们一个小秘诀，那就是真心聆听。When you gain or lose material things, remember how silly they really are. How little they mean relative to your health and relationships.当你获得或失去物质上的东西，要记住他们是没有用的。和你们的健康和家人比起来，物质简直是九牛一毛。When you feel stressed, look up at the night sky and ponder the distance to the next star and the age of the universe. Think of all the other stressed sentient creatures from other star systems and galaxies looking out in the vastness of space in wonder and awe and take comfort in your shared experience.当你有压力时，仰望星空，想想距离下一颗星星的距离和宇宙的年岁。想想其他星球上的物种也有同样的压力。他们同样仰视着这片广阔的星空，分享着你的故事。When you feel overwhelmed, walk alone through the woods and forget your name, your title, your education and view yourself for what you really are another mammal wondering why it is here but appreciating the fact that your civilization has not as yet been evaporated by a supernova.当你难过的时候，独自去走过森林，忘掉你的名字，头衔和教育，重新审视你自己。你只是一个站在这儿的哺乳动物，所幸的是你的文明并没有被爆炸所摧毁。Try to build true empathy. Regardless of your actual spiritual beliefs, it is sometimes helpful to imagine that time is not linear; that in past or future, or I guess parallel life, you literally are, have been or will be every person. That after this life, you will go back in time and be reincarnated as the person you are arguing with, or passing judgment on (and will then have to put up with the current version of you).试着建立真正的共鸣。不要总想着你真正的精神信仰，这东西有时能帮助你想象时间不是线性的。无论过去还是未来，或者在我看来是两个平行的人生，从字面上来讲，你曾经是或将是任何一个人。此生过后，你将会重会时间漩涡中，变成你此生与之辩论或是评论过的人（并将会忍受现在的你）。Remember that real success is maximizing your internally derived happiness. It will not come from external status or money or praise. It will come from a feeling of contribution. A feeling that you are using your gifts in the best way possible. 记住，真正的成功可以最大化你能心的快乐。这并不会从外界的地位或金钱或赞扬所获得。这种快乐是一种贡献的感觉，你会觉得你正在全力运用自己的天赋。Also remember that whom you choose as a life partner is a far more important decision than whatcareer you choose to pursue. If you are lucky enough to have a true equal, someone who fills youwith joy and emotional contentment, with whom you have deep shared values, who respects youand loves you for your innate you-ness; no superficial, external failure or conflict can faze you.同样，记住你选择共度此生的伴侣远比你要选择的事业而重要的多。如果你够幸运能够和你的另一半真正平等，能找到一位让你高兴，和你有共同的深刻价值观，尊重你，真正爱你，不会因为外界得失而对你感情或增或减的人才真正重要。But keep in mind that if you care about someone, but not enough to commit to them, the mostselfish thing you can do is not let them move on.但是记住，你可以关心某个人，但不要对她/他唯命是从，你能做得最自私的事情便是不让他们继续前行。Money is important for the basic necessities, and even luxuries, of life. All of you will be able to buyexpensive fruit and go to Sea World whenever you want to. Beyond that, and many of you will gofar beyond that, money is a command over resources including people and should be viewedas a serious responsibility.金钱对于基本生活很重要，甚至奢侈品或是整个生活。你们总会买的起昂贵的水果，并在想去海底世界的时候去。除此之外，你们将会走的更远。金钱凌驾于资源甚至人们之上，并应被视作一种严肃的义务。Like money, status can be a powerful tool. But they can both distort your reality away from trueinternal groundedness.如同金钱一样，地位也是有力的工具。但是地位和金钱也能将你毁的一无所有。One of my roommates when I was two years out of college, who had formerly been a bit of a trackstar at MIT, and I had finished watching Chariots of Fire one night at 2 a.m. I told him that it mademe feel like running. He simply told me “Dont waste inspiration.” I reminded him that it is 2 a.m. Hesaid “so what; dont waste inspiration.” I looked at him for a few seconds and realized that he wasdead serious. I jumped off the couch, threw on my running shoes and took to the streets.当我上大二的时候，我住在校外。我的一个室友当时在麻省理工很追星。当时，我刚在凌晨2点看完火战星。我告诉他这部影片让我想要跑步。他只是告诉我，别瞎想了。我告诉他现在是凌晨2点。他说：“那又怎么样呢？别瞎想了。”我盯着他看了几秒，发现他是认真的。然后我便从沙发上跳下来，拿起我的鞋冲向大街。If you ever feel inspired, take action with it. Dont let anyone tell you why you shouldnt; at least lace up and give it a try.如果你有想法，立即实行。不要让别人告诉你你不可以做这个，至少你要系上鞋带去试一试。On a similar vain, inertia, pride or fear should never be the reason why you close your mind to opportunity.同样地，骄傲或恐惧不应成为你不想抓住机会的理由。Most of my own life, I thought I had to choose between a safe route and the adventurous. When Iwas your age, I was a bit skeptical of speeches like this. I thought, sure, the guy at the podium cantalk about changing the world, but what about my student loans, what about my family that hasworked so hard to get me here. What about all the people who pursued their dreams and failed?Wouldnt it be selfish of me to give up the secure path for the long shot at the audacious?我认为我的绝大部分生活是在安逸生活和探险的生活中进行选择。当我和你们一样大的时候，我会怀疑我现在说的话。我会想，台上的那个人当然会说可以改变世界，但我上学时候的贷款怎么办，我的家人十分努力工作才能让我来这学习。如果那些追寻他们梦想的人失败了怎么办？如果放弃那种安逸的生活，岂不是很自私？I cant say this to any group of young people, but for those of you graduating today, I believe thatyou can have both: security and adventure. Bread on the table while taking your shots at themoon.我不能对任何年轻人这么说，但对于你们这些毕业生，我认为你们可以同时拥有安逸以及探险的两种生活。拿着桌上的面板，同时在夜里拿起你的枪。Were at a unique point in history. Where what once required many people spending many yearsand many millions can now be done by a small group of inspired people from a dorm room, or inmy case, a bedroom closet. Ideas can be proven before they need to be committed to. Therevolutions of our generation in business, education, social structure and even politics arenot being catalyzed by generals or politicians, but by highly empowered individuals like yourselves the wizards of our time so speak who can see with clarity how the assumptions of previousgenerations no longer apply. And the revolutions often grow out of nothing more than an intensehobby, an inspired attempt of seeing if things can be rethought a little better.我们现在处于历史的特殊时刻。以前需要很多人花费许多年做的事情现在只需要一小撮有灵感的人在宿舍就可以搞定。如果是我，那就是在卧室里。现在很多观点在实行之前都可以被证实。我们这代的革命在各个领域商业，教育，社会结构甚至是政治上，这些并没有被老一代的人或政治家所摧毁，而是真正的掌握在你们自己的手中。所以说我们时代的主宰是可以看清上一代所不能为的事情。这种革命通常会因为强烈的爱好而发展，这种强烈的爱好可以是有灵感的尝试，想法是否能够更好。So go forth with your careers, but leave space for your passions. Remember that you are much,much more than a title or a bank account. You are dancers and poets, inventors and athletes,musicians and innovators. If you give your passions room to breathe, you might find that is all theyneed to help you move the dial forward for everyone.所以继续你们的职业之路，但留些空间给你们的爱好。记住你们不仅仅是一个头衔或一张银行卡。你们是舞者，诗人，发明家，运动员，音乐家和创新者。如果你们给你们的爱好留些空间，你会发现这些爱好会让你与每个人交好。And this isnt just a commencement speaker trying to make you feel good or take weight off yourshoulders. This is another member of your species who knows how badly the world needs you.Who knows that MIT graduates, like a tall person who learns to slouch to not stand out, sometimesundersell who they are, even to themselves. I am, in fact, putting weight on your shouldersbecause I know how scarce and important a resource you are. 我不是第一个演讲者试图让你们自我感觉良好或卸下你们肩上的重任。我只是你们中的一个，非常了解这个世界需要你们。我知道麻省理工学院的学生，就像一个个子高的人试图不从人群中显示出来。你们有些时候会低估你们自己。事实上，于我来说，给你们加压因为欧文知道你们这种资源是多么稀缺。So with all that said, let me leave you with a thought experiment I use to help keep my priorities incheck.因此综上所述，让我给你们留一个想法，我用来保留我最重要的事。Imagine yourself in 50 years. Youre in your early 70s, near the end of your career. Youre sittingon your couch, having just watched the State of the Union holographic address by PresidentKardashian.想想你们现在在50年代，你们已经70多岁了，即将退休。你们坐在沙发上，只是看着卡戴珊总统的遗言。You begin to ponder your life. The career successes, how youve been able to provide for yourfamily. Youll think of all the great moments with your family and friends. But then you start to thinkabout all of the things you wished you had done just a little differently, your regrets. I can guess atwhat they might be.你们开始思考自己的生活。职业生涯很成功，这是你们养家之道。你们将会想起与家人和朋友在一起的所有幸福时光。但是当你开始回忆你希望做的事情与你已经做的事情没有多大不一样的时候，我想那时候你们会有些遗憾。Sitting in 2062, you wish that you had spent more time with your children. That you had told yourspouse how much you loved them more frequently. That you could have even one more chance tohug your parents and tell them how much you appreciate them before they passed. That youcould have smiled more, laughed more, danced more and created more. That you better used thegifts you were given to empower others and make the world better.2062年，你们希望自己能花更