高中英语补习资料10.doc

第十讲 名词性从句 (NMET2011湖北卷76题)一 情态动词复习训练题31. If it had not been for your timely support, I _ (会输掉) in the election. (fail)32. If _ (我的律师在这里) last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. (be)33. But for the fine weather, I _ (不会去爬山的) that day. (go)34. Providing that I had finished the report two days ago, I _ (就不会被开除了) now. (fire)35. According to the law, everything that the manager has _ (必将被剥夺) him. (take)36. If _ (我有保险的话), the sickness wouldnt have caused such a big problem. (have)37. We _ (本应该学习) last night, but we went to the concert. (study)38. If I had worked harder at school, I _ (就会正坐在舒适的办公室里) now. (sit)39. If it _ (不是你正确的指导), I couldnt have solved the problem so smoothly. (be)40. I got up early that morning. but I _ (本没必要这样做) because I had no work to do. (do)41. You look too sleepy to work. _ (你不该熬夜) watching TV last night. (stay)42. Most of the big hotels were full at this season of the year, and the young American couple _ (不能找到一个房间) in the cheap hotels in the city. (find)43. Mr. Blank had known the truth of the car accident before you told him, so you _ (本来没有必要告诉他). (tell)44. The director of the laboratory demanded that the report _ (立即交给他) after it was finished. (give)45. David was busy with his term paper until midnight；otherwise, he _ (会来参加你的生日聚会). (come)46. Mr. Anderson required his son Jack _ (一直保持沉默) when he was talking with visitors. (keep)47. You _ (应当更加小心) when you cross the busy street as the traffic lights arent working. (careful)48. He suggests that _ (我应当动身) as early as possible；otherwise, I will be late for the train. (start)49. If I were you, I _ (会立刻戒烟), because it is a waste of money and harmful to health. (stop)50. You _ (一定是出去了) last night. I called you several times, but nobody answered the phone. (go)1. （会发生什么事）if the earth suddenly stopped turning？（happen）2. If （明天天气好），I would go on a trip.（be）3. （若她知道）that Mary would come to see her, she would never have gone to the party.（know）4. If you hadnt seen that film last night, you （不会如此疲倦）now.（be）5. I didnt know his telephone number otherwise I （会给他打电话）.（telephone）6. But for the help of my teachers, I （不可能取得如此大的进步）.（make）7. Without your help, I （不会成功）anyway.（succeed）8. I suggested not only （他出席会议）but also give a speech there.（attend）9. Mikes father, as well as his mother insisted that he （该呆在家里）.（stay）10. Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.Great! You （一定阅读广泛）and put a lot of work into it.（read）11. Its possible that the king of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he （可能参与）in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones.（hand）12. He （本来可以给更多帮助）even though he was very busy.（give）13. I didnt see her in the meeting-room this morning, she （不可能发言）at the meeting.（speak）14. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who （可能拿了）？（take）15. I （本来能借给你自行车）, why didnt you ask me？（lend）16. The careless man received a ticket for speeding, he （本不应该开那么快）.（drive）17. There was plenty of time, she （本不必匆忙）.（hurry）18. Frank called me yesterday, but I （宁愿他没有）.（rather）19. I am afraid I am busy tonight, so I would rather you （你不来）.（come）20. Jim is a good boy; we （怎么表扬他也不过分）.（too）二名词性从句主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句 (NMET2011湖北卷76题)一）名词性从句简要讲解（Clauses Functioning as Noun Phrases）名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。按其句法功能，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有连接词that, whether 和if，关系代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever以及关系副词when, where和how。 主语从句（The Subject Clause）1主语从句在句中作主语。如：Which team will win the match is still not certain.Why he did that wasnt quite clear.2主语从句位于句首时，会使句子显得笨重，因此常以it 作为形式主语，而将主语从句后置，以保持句子平衡。如：It is strange that she didnt come yesterday.3whether与if引导主语从句的区别： whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，if引导的主语从句只能放在句末。如：Whether she comes or not makes no difference. (不能用if)她来不来都没有关系。It is doubtful whether/if the President knew the details of the plan. 总统是否知道这个计划的细节这一点颇有疑问。表语从句（The Predicative Clause）1表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。如： The question is whether she can speak English. That is what we need.2表语从句可用whether引导，也可用as if 引导，但不能用if 引导。如： His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet. It looked as if it was going to rain. 3主句的主语是reason时，表语从句要用that，不能用because。如：The reason why he was dismissed was that he was careless and irresponsible. 他被开除的原因是他工作马虎，不负责任。同位语从句（The Appositive Clause）1同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有fact, news, promise, reason, idea等。如： We heard the news that our team had won. I have no idea how soon they are coming.2同位语从句与定语从句的主要区别：从意义上来说，同位语从句对一个名词加以补充说明，定语从句对一个名词进行修饰或限定。从结构上说，同位语从句由连词引导，连词在句中不作任何成分，只起引导作用；引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任一定成分，含有代替所修饰或限制词语的意义。如：They were all shocked at the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 他们都为德国向俄国宣战而感到震惊。(同位语从句，that只起引导作用，在句中不作任何成分。) They were all shocked at the news that was announced on the radio. 他们都为收音机中宣布的消息而震惊。（定语从句，that在从句中作主语，若省略that，句子成分不全。）宾语从句（The Object Clause） 1宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。如：I wonder who he is.He is sorry for what he has done. 注：在口语及非正式文体中，that常省略。2使用宾语从句时应注意时态呼应。1) 主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何所需要的时态。如：Im sure that youll succeed.2) 主句谓语动词是过去时态，从句谓语动词一般须用过去时。如： I thought he studied hard. 3) 从句如果与某一具体的过去时间状语连用，尽管其谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，仍用一般过去时。如： She told me that her father died in 1991. 4）从句所说明的是一般真理或客观事实，即使主句用过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。 The teacher told the students that the computer is a wonderful machine.3不能省略that 的宾语从句 1）句中的动词后接两个或两个以上的that从句作宾语时，第一个that可省，但后面的that 不可省。如：He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt understand. 2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。如：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3）当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如：I must never tell anyone that I could not see the cloth. 4）当that宾语从句前有it作形式宾语时，that 不可省。如： We think it important that we study hard. 4whether和if引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但介词后的宾语从句只能用whether, 不能用if。如：He asked me if (whether) my brother was at home. It is a question of whether we should go.二）名词性从句应该注意的问题1.that和what的区别：当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时，往往选that；而what意为“的（东西）”在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。News came from the school office _(他已被录取)Beijing university.(admit)She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do _ (不惜一切代价)to save her life.(take)_(他说了)something improper at the meeting surprised all of us.(say)2.if只能引导宾语从句，whether可以引导主语、表语、同位语从句。The patients son asked the doctor the question _(他的父亲是否会幸免)the big operation.(survive)3.名词性从句中的虚拟语气After the Philippines hostage-taking incident ,the Chinese government demanded that the problems referred to _(特别注意)（pay）The order came that the medical supplies _(送往)Yunnan for the victims there.(send)4.It doesnt matter to sb +how/whether或者It makes no difference to sb +how/whether结构中的主语从句不能提到句首。5.名词性从句的分隔现象Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ (他不得不)meet his uncle at the airport.(have)强化训练题1. Whoever has common sense knows _ (吸烟有害健康). (harmful)2. The fact _ (他偷了朋友的电脑) came into light. (steal)3. Only after you put _ (你所学的东西) to use can you acquire it. (learn)4. Impressive as what you have said is，it fades next to _ (你所做的) in the struggle against SARS. (do)5. _ (发展中国家需要做的) is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. (need)6. Not until I graduated from university did I realize _(我真正想要做的事情). (what)7. The manager asked me _ (有多少电脑需要修理). (repair)8. _ (她成为艺术家) may have been due to her fathers influence. (become) 9. The reason why I was sad was _ (他不理解我). (understand) 10. I dont understand their behavior _ (他们不通知) the police of the traffic accident. (inform)11. _ (使情况更糟糕的事情) is that he failed in the examination again. (matter)12. What I want to know is _ (我们应该走哪条路). (which)13. My idea is _ (我们应该开始) making preparations right now. (start)14. Jim. look! It seems _ (好像有人在找你). (look)15. _ (他们是否会支持我们) is still a problem. (support)16. My suggestion is _ (我们应当动身) as early as possible tomorrow morning. (start)17. It seems to me _ (我们应该负责) this huge mistake. (responsible)18. He hasnt decided _ (我们去那里) by bus or by train. (whether)19. Were thinking about _ (我们能否完成这项工作) on time. (finish)20. The trouble is _ (我把他的地址弄丢了). (lose)把你的目标放在心里-英语文摘在无法看见彼岸的时候，请坚信浓雾后的不远处一定是陆地把你的目标放在心里！ When she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog1. Her body was numb2. She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours. Already she was the first woman to swim the English Channel in both directions. Now, at age 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island to the California coast. On that Fourth of July morning in 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense3 she could hardly see her support boats. Alongside Florence in one of the boats, her mother and her trainer offered encouragement. They told her it wasnt much farther. But all she could see was fog. They urged her not to quit. She never had.until then. With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out. Still warming her chilled4 body several hours later, she