2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning讲义新人教版选修8.docx

Unit 2Cloning一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1twin n 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具4arbitrary adj. 任意的5fate n. 命运；天命 第二屏听写6medium n(pl.media)媒介；手段；工具7the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)8conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的9constitution n. 宪法；章程10compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的11opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 第三屏听写12chorus n合唱；合唱队13loaf n. 一条(面包)14flour n. 面粉15claw n. 爪；脚爪16turkey n. 火鸡17feather n. 羽毛 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1differvi.不同；相异2exactadj. 精确的；准确的3identicaladj. 同一的；一模一样的4commercial_ adj. 商业的；贸易的5complicatedadj. 复杂的；难懂的6undertakevt. 着手；从事；承担7breakthroughn. 突破 第五屏听写8proceduren 程序；步骤；手续9castvt. 扔；投；掷10altogetheradv. 总共；完全地11correctionn. 改正；纠正；修正12objectvi. 反对；不赞成13objectionn. 不赞成；反对；异议14obtainvt. 获得；赢得 第六屏听写15attainvt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)16forbidvt. 禁止；不准17accumulatevt.&vi. 积累；聚积18owevt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于19shortlyadv. 立刻；不久20retirevi. 退休；离开 第七屏听写21bothervt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰22assumptionn. 假定；设想23regulationn. 规则；规章；法规24popularityn. 受人喜爱；流行25strike_ vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工 第八屏听写26adorevt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱27hatchvt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化28reasonableadj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的29resistvt. 抵抗；对抗30drawbackn. 缺点；不利条件31merelyadv. 仅；只；不过32decorationn. 装饰 第九屏听写33unableadj.不能的；不会的34initialadj. 最初的；开始的35impactn. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响36moraladj. 道德(上)的；伦理的37vainadj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的38in_vain白费力气；枉费心机39(be)_bound_to_(do).一定或注定(做) 第十屏听写40strike_._into_ones_heart使刻骨铭心41from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔42bring_back_to_life使复生；使复活43in_favour_of赞成；支持44in_good/poor_condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)45cast_down使失望；使沮丧46pay_off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.twin n双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj. 成对的；成双的2.straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的3.arbitrary adj. 任意的4.medium n. 媒介；手段；工具5.conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的6.constitution n. 宪法；章程7.compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的8.opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院9.chorus n. 合唱；合唱队10.loaf n. 一条(面包)11.flour n. 面粉12.claw n. 爪；脚爪13.feather n羽毛14.turkey n. 火鸡.写其形(汉译英)1.exactadj. 精确的；准确的2.castvt. 扔；投；掷3.shortlyadv. 立刻；不久4.strikevt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工5.vainadj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的6.owevt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于7.initialadj. 最初的；开始的8.hatchvt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化9.moraladj. 道德(上)的；伦理的10.impactn. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响11.adorevt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱核心单词练通1.We are supposed to undertake (承担) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.2.With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.3.As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. 4.Nowadays, energy can be obtained_(获得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. 5.Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.6.So I have no choice but to bother_(打扰) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.7.But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks_(缺点) which should not be neglected. 8.A real modernized country will be a welldeveloped country not merely (仅) in cars but in every aspect, I believe.9.I regret to inform you that we are unable (不能的) to offer you employment.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.differ vi.不同；相异differentadj.不同的differencen差异；不同2.identical adj.同一的；一模一样的identityn身份；同一性；一致3.commercial adj.商业的；贸易的commercen商业；贸易4.complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的complicatevt.使复杂化complicationn复杂5.correction n改正；纠正；修正correctadj.正确的 v改正6.object vi.反对；不赞成objectionn不赞成；反对；异议7.accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulationn积累；增加8.retire vi.退休；离开retirementn退休；引退9.assumption n假定；设想assumevt.假定；设想10.regulation n规则；规章；法规regulatevt.调节；管理11.popularity n受人喜爱；流行popularadj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的12.resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistancen抵抗；对抗resistantadj.有抵抗力的；抵制的13.decoration n装饰；装修decoratev装饰；装修14.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reasonn原因；道理用准用活1.When you set up your passwords on the Internet, youd better complicate them, because the more complicated your passwords are, the safer your Internet becomes. (complicate)2.The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge. And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)3.From the appearance, we cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people. (differ)4.Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)5.Dont assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)6.Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance.(resist)7.He retired from the post as a manager. After his retirement,_he settled down in a remote village. (retire)1.“动词副词”构成的合成名词drawback缺点breakdown 崩溃；故障farewell 告别feedback 反馈setup 计划；组织breakup 分手；中断2.含词根sist的词集锦resist v抵抗insist v. 坚持persist v. 坚持assist v. 协助 assistant n. 助手 consist vi. 由组成3.表示“反对；拒绝”的词荟萃against prep.反对oppose v. 反对object vi. 反对disagree vi. 不同意reject vt. 拒绝refuse v. 拒绝(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.cast_down使失望；使沮丧2.in_favour_of 赞成；支持3.bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活4.(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或注定(做)5.in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)Are you in_favour_of cloning human beings? Especially when your health is in_poor_condition,_you are_bound_to want to bring yourself back_to_life. Dont worry. Human cloning technology doesnt cast you down.第二组1.object_to 反对2.pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清3.in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机4.from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔5.strike_.into_ones_heart 使刻骨铭心Only if you dont object_to cloning human beings can what you do for your health pay_off. The successful organs cloning contributes to the patients recovery. I believe it will strike the advanced medical technology into_your_heart.1.“in名词of”短语全接触in favour of赞成；支持in search of 寻找in view of 鉴于；由于in memory of 为了纪念in honour of 为了纪念in terms of 就而言2.“v.off”短语荟萃pay off 偿清cut off 切断take off 起飞turn off 关闭put off 推迟give off 发出光/热/气体等3.“in名词”短语一览in vain白费力气；枉费心机in relief 如释重负地in short 总之；简言之in trouble 陷入麻烦in need 在困难中；急需in danger 在危险中(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。then 位于句首时句子用全部倒装。然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。Then_came_the_exciting_news_that our team won the game.2.What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passage？你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？do you think作插入语。这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting？3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die .其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉that引导的表语从句。骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。The advantage of cycling to work is that_we_can_live_a_lowcarbon_life.考点新组合阅读微技能The future of human cloningWhen _ comes to human cloning, many people object to it. Because they think it will bring people disasters. Maybe it can bother your normal daily life. To our relief， we neednt be worried about it because human cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries. However, some severe patients need to be cloned if their health is in poor condition. In this_case， they maybe benefit from the cloned organs.1.处应填的词为_it_。2处“To our relief”的意思为让我们感到欣慰的是。3What does “this case” in the paragraph refer to？(B)AHuman cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries.BSome patients in poor condition need to be cloned.CHuman cloning brings people disasters.DThe cloned organs are not very expensive.1object vi.反对；不赞成 (1)object to反对；不赞成(to是介词)(2)objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的题点全练单句语法填空A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.You should stop blaming yourself and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.2bother vt.打扰 vi.操心n烦扰 bother to do sth.操心/费心做某事bother (about) doing sth. 费心做某事bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事题点全练单句语法填空I hate Tom, for he is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.Dont bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.Im sorry I have bothered you with so many questions.3forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准forbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事题点全练单句语法填空It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets from offering free plastic shopping bags.名师指津forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。4in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) 归纳拓展out of condition健康状况欠佳on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，主句用部分倒装语序)on condition that . 在条件下；倘若应用领悟What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.我想让你意识到人人都可能健康状况不佳。On condition that we use these ratings properly, they will benefit us in many ways.(2018江苏高考书面表达)只要我们恰当使用这些排名，它们在很多方面对我们是有利的。The teacher always reminds us, “On no condition can we give up our dreams.”老师总是告诫我们：“我们决不能放弃我们的梦想。”考点新组合阅读微技能The future of human cloningNowadays, we should owe human cloning _ the development of social civilization. What strikes me most _(be) that human cloning is said to be allowed in the near future. By then, we can believe, some scientists great efforts will have paid off. Apparently, the advantage of human cloning is_ many serious diseases can be cured some day.1.处应填入的词为_to_。2处应填词的正确形式为_is_。3处应填入的词是that,_它引导的是表语从句，一般不能省略。5owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢 owe sth. to sb.把某事归功于某人owe it to sb. that . 把归功于某人owing to 因为；由于多角练透单句语法填空My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English. 补全句子Owing_to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.由于他的乐观和毅力，他被北京大学录取了。6strike vt.&vi.(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时 n罢工be struck by 被打动/迷住了it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心多角练透单句语法填空It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.补全句子Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one Id strike_into_my_heart forever.这么多年以后遇到我亲爱的老师和同学真的是一个温暖的时刻，这一刻让我刻骨铭心。7pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 pay for付钱；为付出代价pay a visit to 参观；拜访pay attention to 注意；留心多角练透单句语法填空Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again？(2017天津高考书面表达)Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.As students, we should pay more attention to our habits which we develop in our study.补全句子All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard_work_pays_off.总之，条条大道通罗马，我相信努力就有回报。名师指津 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。8that引导的表语从句The advantage is that_if_there_is_a_new_illness_some_of_these_animals_may_die,_but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。The advantage of smiling is that_it_can_not_only_make_us_happy,_but also please others.微笑的优点在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。If there is anything that_I_can_help_you,_please dont hesitate to tell me.(2017全国卷书面表达)如果你有任何需要帮助的，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。I firmly believe that_it_will_be_a_success and we will enjoy ourselves.(2017浙江高考写作)我坚信那将会成功，我们也会玩得很开心。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present. 2Why bother going/to_go (go) abroad to study when there are so many good universities at home?3Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.4When climbing Mount Huang last year, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.5The driver was at a loss when word came that he was forbidden_to_drive (drive) for speeding.6Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?7The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna cant resist taking (take) a closer look at them.8They undertook to_promote (promote) exchanges and trade.9Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.10We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.选词填空in good condition， be bound to， pay off， cast down， in vain，bring back to life， from time to time， strike .into ones heart1I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?2The mobile phone is in_good_condition，looking like the newly bought one.3Dont let yourself be cast_down by a small failure in the experiment, try again.4In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.5Keep on working hard like this, and your research_is_bound_to_obtain great success.6The athletes years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.7Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.8All efforts will be in_vain if we cant learn English by practising repeatedly.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)The disadvantage of copying others homework is that_you_cannot_master_what_you_have_learned.2他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)He had just taken his seat; then came_the_head_teacher.3你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think 作插入语)Who_do_you_think_was_the_greatest_woman of the past 100 years?4我的多数同学都想去公园而我想要去参观博物馆。 (while并列句)Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_visit_a_museum.5新的学期很快就要开始了，我们将会再次忙碌起来。(with复合结构)With_the_new_term_to_begin_soon,_well_be_very_busy_again.句型转换1Mary was very upset by her failure to find work.Mary was much_cast_down by her failure to find work.2I have told her about my plan, and she is for it.I have told her about my plan, and she is_in_favour_of_it.3Boys and girls, if you have any questions, please put up your hands.Boys and girls, if you have any questions, please raise_your_hands.4Now that Ive grown up, I am against being treated like a child.Now that Ive grown up, I object_to_being_treated_like_a_child.5My grandmother takes exercise every day, and she is healthy now.My grandmother takes exercise every day, and she is_in_good_condition now.高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：30分钟).阅读理解AAt your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch (荷兰语) and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds nearly twice as long as in Americans meetings.In Japan, it is recognised that the best communication is when you dont speak at all. Its already a failure to understand each other by speaking because youre repairing that failure by using words.In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地的) America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, its hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and theres understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent to London.In contrast, when theres more homogeneity,_perhaps its easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.语篇解读：本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。1Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?AThe Dutch.BAmericans.CThe English.DThe Japanese.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知，日本人在谈话中沉默时间最长。故选D。2What might the Japanese agree with in conversation?ASpeaking more gives the upper hand.BSpeak out what you have in y