定语从句复习3非限制性定语从句及从句的运用

非限制性定语从句和 限制性定语从句的区别,一. 形式上:,非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开， 限制性定语从句则没有,请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.,Practice A,限制性定语从句：一般是一个名词 非限制性定语从句：可以是一个名词，也可 以是前面整个句子,Her son is very smart, which makes her happy. Her son who is smart makes her very happy.,二. 先行词,关系词： 非限制性定语从句不能用that， why引导,I have told him them the reason, _ I didnt attend the meeting. Her son is very smart, _ makes her happy.,for which,which,Practice B,区分下列几组句子的不同含义： 1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.,她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。,她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。,. All the books that have pictures in them are well written. All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written.,所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。,所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。,因此，在写作中要注意，如果是起修饰限定作用，则用限制性定语从句，起补充说明的作用，则用非限制性定语从句,Sydney , which has many places of interest is the biggest city in Australia.,悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市，有很多的名胜古迹。,定语从句在写作中的运用,一. 定语从句的合成。,例1 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It)（2003） 例2 我发现很难与那些一贯固执已见的人合作。(it) (2004),Its very hard for those people to describe its beauty.,Those people havent been to the small village.,Those people always stick to their own opinions.,I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those people,定语从句合成四步法,找出相同词，确定主从句; 确定先行词，放到句首去。,第一步，从两个分句中找出指代相同的词（先行词）。,(1) The woman is over there. You met her in the street. (2) I often go to the factory. My father once worked in it. (3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at that time. (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for this reason. (5) He gave me a book as a gift. Its cover was red.,The woman,her,the factory,it.,The time,that time,The reason,this reason,a book,Its,第二步，从两个分句中确定一个作 主句。其原则是看哪个句子能起概括作用，且合成定语从句后符合英语习惯和语法要求,(1) The woman is over there. You met her in the street. (2) I often go to the factory. My father once worked in it. (3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at that time. (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for this reason. (5) He gave me a book as a gift. Its cover was red.,第三步：选择合适的关系代词或副词来替换从句中相应的部分。,（1）The woman is over there. You met her in the street. =The woman is over there. You met who in the street. (2) I often go to the factory. My father once worked in it. = I often go to the factory. My father once worked in which（=where).,(3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at that time. =The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at which(=when). (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for this reason. =The reason is known to us . He was late for which(=why). (5) He gave me a book as a gift. Its cover was red. = He gave me a book as a gift. whose cover was red.,第四步，把所选准的关系代词或副词及其引导的从句，提至从句之首，然后放到先行词之后则可得到合适的句子。,（1）The woman is over there. who You met in the street. The woman who you met in the street is over there. （2） I often go to the factory. My father once worked in which（=where). I often go to the factory in which（=where my father once worked).,(3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at which(=when). The time at which(=when) he was a slave is mentioned in the letter. (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for which(=why). The reason for which(=why) He was late is known to us . (5) He gave me a book as a gift. whose cover was red. He gave me a book whose cover was red as a gift.,Sydney , which has many places of interest is the biggest city in Australia.,悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市，有很多的名胜古迹。,Sydney is the biggest city in Australia. It has many places of interest.,难点要点： 1）定语从句紧跟在先行词后； 2）先行词不能重复在从句中出现； 3）选择正确的关系代词和副词。,二. 定语从句翻译,例1 我发现很难与那些一贯固执已知的人合作。(it) (2004) 例2 他们应从这件事中吸取教训：玩火者必自焚。(burn) （2001）,I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those _.,They should learn a lesson from this incident: he _will surely get burnt.,who always stick to their own opinions,who plays with fire,Its very hard for those _ to describe its beauty.,例3 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It)（2003）,who havent been to the small village,基本信息： 书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother 作者：Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁*大学教授 出版时间：2010年 内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事 效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论 相关报道： 中文版：2011年初开始在中国销售 意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法 最新消息：17岁的大女儿已被哈佛*和耶鲁录取,The author, Ms. Amy, _ _in Yale University, deals with the stories of her educating her two daughters in the Traditional Chinese ways.,作者：Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁*大学教授 内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事,作者Amy Chua是美籍华人和耶鲁*大学教授。 内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事,who is an American-Chinese,and the professor,你是校报小记者，最近进行了一次采访。以下是这次采访的情况:,时间: 上周末 对象: 眼科医生（eye-doctor）王教授 主题: 我国中小学生近视（short-sightedness）问题 基本信息: （1）发生率: 略高于50 （2）人数: 世界第一 专家解读: （1）原因: 很复杂 （2）治疗: 没有哪一种药物能治愈近视 （3）建议: 不要过度用眼；多参加户外活动 （4）特别提示: 如何握笔也和近视有关,（1）近视的孩子人数占50% T