culture-shock--文化差异.ppt

,C,U,L,T,U,R,E,S,H,O,C,K,Unit 10 Culture Shock,Outline,1) The definition of culture shock 2) The stages of culture shock 3) Symptoms of Culture Shock 4) The Culture Shock Circle 5) The Reverse Culture Shock 6) Ways to manage culture shock,Discussion,Discuss in groups for 5 minutes 1. What do all these situations have in common? 2. What is your definition of culture shock? 3. Where does culture shock happen? 4. What could be the damage caused by culture shock? 5. Why do we need to study this concept?,Culture Shock is,The inevitable process of your mind and body adjusting to a new place A highly individual experience that may last weeks or even months. For some people Cultural differences are interesting and stimulating and they want more! For others Cultural differences result in discomfort and confusion, they tend to judge or evaluate other people and places and reach negative conclusions.,Culture shock is a psychological phenomenon that is experienced most often by those who, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, in the process of adjusting themselves to a new culture. It is the trauma of bewilderment (困惑、紧张)which people find themselves in when they are isolated in an alien culture. 文化冲击指在大量地收到一种异文化的信息之后，尤其身处异国，不同程度地产生的一种心理反应。这是因为失去自己原有熟悉的社会信号和符号，对于对方的社会符号不熟悉，而产生的深度焦虑症,1 .The Definition of Culture Shock,Culture Shock,Culture shock is the personal disorientation a person may feel when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life due to immigration or a visit to a new country, or to a move between social environments, also a simple travel to another type of life.,2. Phases of Culture Shock:,Honeymoon phase Negotiation phase Adjustment Phase Mastery Phase,Honeymoon phase,During this period, the differences between the old and new culture are seen in a romantic light. For example, in moving to a new country, an individual might love the new food, the pace of life, and the locals habits. During the first few weeks, most people are fascinated by the new culture. They associate with nationals who speak their language, and who are polite to the foreigners. This period is full of observations and new discoveries. Like most honeymoon periods, this stage eventually ends.,Negotiation Phase (Irritation and Hostility), Focus turns from similarities to the differences which are suddenly everywhere Become easily frustrated by the differences Often feel inadequate and unproductive Little difficulties become major sources of irritation Experience culture shock as the reality of the new life hits,Negotiation phase,After some time (usually around three months, depending on the individual), differences between the old and new culture become apparent and may create anxiety. Excitement may eventually give way to unpleasant feelings of frustration and anger as one continues to experience unfavorable events that may be perceived as strange and offensive to ones cultural attitude. Language barriers, stark (完全的)differences in public hygiene, traffic safety, food accessibility and quality may heighten the sense of disconnection from the surroundings., Has adopted some of the local values and feels less isolated Finds increased self confidence Becomes integrated into a new social network Crisis is over and slowly learn to function under new conditions,Phase Three: Adjustment Phase,Adjustment phase,After some time (usually 6 to 12 months), one grows accustomed to the new culture and develops routines. One knows what to expect in most situations and the host country no longer feels all that new. One becomes concerned with basic living again, and things become more “normal“. One starts to develop problem-solving skills for dealing with the culture and begins to accept the cultures ways with a positive attitude. The culture begins to make sense, and negative reactions and responses to the culture are reduced.,Mastery Phase (Biculturalism),Increased enjoyment found in new customs and ways of doing/saying things Ability to function in two cultures with confidence Life may be just as good or even better than before Realization that there will be things you will miss when you pack up and return home anticipate reality of reverse culture shock!,Mastery phase,In the mastery stage people are able to participate fully and comfortably in the host culture. Mastery does not mean total conversion; people often keep many traits from their earlier culture, such as accents and languages. It is often referred to as the biculturalism stage.,3. Symptoms of Culture Shock.,Sadness, loneliness, melancholy Preoccupation with health Aches, pains, and allergies Insomnia, desire to sleep too much or too little Changes in temperament, depression, feeling vulnerable, feeling powerless Anger, irritability, resentment, unwillingness to interact with others Identifying with the old culture or idealizing the old country Loss of identity,Symptoms of Culture Shock,Trying too hard to absorb everything in the new culture or country Unable to solve simple problems Lack of confidence Feelings of inadequacy or insecurity Developing stereotypes about the new culture Developing obsessions such as over-cleanliness Longing for family Feelings of being lost, overlooked, exploited or abused,4. The model of culture shock,The process of culture shock can be illustrated by a model known as the “W” curve (see diagram on the following page). This model may not relate to your experience or only partially. Sometimes the process is faster or slower. Many people go through different phases of the process of adjustment several times, so parts of the curve in the diagram may repeat themselves.,W-CURVE,01,Cycle of Adjustment,HOST COUNTRY,go on exchange?,Moods would change like this if you suffer from culture shock,5. Reverse Culture Shock (Re-entry Shock), The often unexpected and difficult period of disorientation(迷惑，迷失方向) and readjustment experienced after returning to ones own culture after an extended period of living abroad., Most people anticipate some degree of culture shock. Very few people believe they will experience reverse culture shock.,The Phases of Reverse Culture Shock are almost the same as those of Culture Shock,Honeymoon phase Negotiation (disintegration ) phase Adjustment (integration) phase Mastery (biculturalism) phase, Culture Shock and Reverse Culture Shock are not just unpleasant side effects of international living., They are the necessary ingredients that bring about quality exchanges.,1) Participation is the key 2) Establish new support systemsexpatriates, locals 3) Take care of yourself -physically and mentally 4) Learn the host country language 5) Relax your grip on home culture 6) Stay in touch back home 7) Blend your own cultural traditions with the new 8) Keep a journal 9) Maintain your sense of humor 10) Have faith in yourself 11) Experiment, expand, explore,Keys to Survive Cultural Adjustment,Exercises,Here are some excerpts from the postcards of English students studying in China. Please identify they were written in which stage of culture shock.,Culture shock,Dear Joan, Life here seems not so bad after all. The people are quite nice once you get to know them a little better and begin to figure out their way of looking at things. Guess Im beginning - just beginning - to know the ropes. Love Peter,Culture shock,Dear Mum and Dad, Im really feeling fed up with my life here and longing for home. Getting anything done over here is a nightmare - the locals are so lazy and unhelpful. And on top of all that I feel rundown and sleepy all the time, seem to have lost all my zest. Love Jim,Culture shock,Dear Michael, This is a fantastic place! So many interesting things to see, such as the Forbidden City and the T