2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit9Wheels能力提升题组训练（B）（含解析）北师大版.docx

Unit 9 Wheels能力提升题组训练(B).阅读理解AWhat if the car waiting patiently behind a parked bus is a driverless or autonomous vehicle (AV)?Will this robot car be able to understand what you mean when you flash your lights or madly wave your hands?Its sensors could decide that its only safe to overtake when theres no oncoming traffic at all.On a busy road at school home time,this may be never leading to increasingly angry passengers and increasingly angry drivers queuing behind.And how will a robot car driving out from a T-junction into oncoming traffic be able to make the necessary eye contact with a human driver?These safety-first robot cars could become victims of their own politeness and end up being bullied and ignored by aggressive,impatient humans.This,at any rate,is one of the conclusions to be drawn from research carried out by Dr.Chris Tennant of the psychological and behavioral science department at the London School of Economics.His Europe-wide survey finds that nearly two-thirds of drivers think machines wont have enough common sense to interact with human drivers.And more than two-fifths think a robot car would remain stuck behind our parked lorry for a long time.“If you view the road as a social space,you will consciously negotiate your journey with other drivers.People who like that negotiation process appear to feel less comfortable engaging with AVs than with human drivers,”says Mr.Tennant in his report.Of course,humans are always skeptical about new technologies of which they have little experience.That skepticism usually decreases with usage,however.And even many skeptics accept that emotionless AVs could cause fewer accidents than we humans,with our tendency to road anger,tiredness and lack of concentration.A statistic often repeated is that human error is responsible for more than 90% of accidents.But 70% of the 12,000 people Mr.Tennant and his team interviewed agreed that:“As a point of principle,humans should be in control of their vehicles.”An even greater proportion80%thought an autonomous vehicle should always have a steering wheel.1.What do we know about an autonomous vehicle according to the text?A.It is controlled by a robot. B.It waits shorter than other cars.C.It judges traffic by drivers online.D.It recognizes angry human drivers.2.What did Dr.Chris Tennant find in his study?A.Autonomous vehicles wont interact with human drivers.B.Autonomous vehicles avoid passing T-junctions ahead of time.C.Autonomous vehicles drive in the same ways as a human driver.D.Autonomous vehicles may suffer from impatient human drivers.3.What can we infer from the text?A.Autonomous vehicles will be less social.B.Autonomous vehicles are safer than generally expected.C.Human drivers have been replaced by autonomous vehicles.D.Human drivers are willing to interact with autonomous vehicles.4.What is the best title for the text?A.An Autonomous Car Takes a Test RunB.What Is Driverless Technology Like?C.Say No to the Coming Driverless TrendD.Would You Bully a Driverless Car or Show It Respect?语篇解读:本文介绍了无人驾驶车辆的应急办法、遭遇到的歧视以及与人为驾驶车辆相比的优势等,从而告诉人们要接受并尊重无人驾驶车辆。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句“What if the car waiting patiently behind a parked bus is a driverless or autonomous vehicle (AV)?Will this robot car be able to understand what you mean when you flash your lights or madly wave your hands?”可知,无人驾驶的车辆是由机器人操纵的。2.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“These safety-first robot cars could become victims of their own politeness and end up being bullied and ignored by aggressive,impatient humans.This,at any rate,is one of the conclusions to be drawn from research carried out by Dr.Chris Tennant.”可知,这是克里斯坦南特博士研究团队得出的无人驾驶车辆遭遇到的情况,因此无人驾驶车辆可能会遭遇到没有耐心的司机的伤害。3.B推理判断题。由第三段中的humans are always skeptical about new technologies of which they have little experience 和emotionless AVs could cause fewer accidents than we humans可知,无人驾驶车辆比人们普遍认为的更安全。4.D标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知,第一段提到了无人驾驶车辆对紧急情况的处理,第二段提到无人驾驶车辆可能会遭到没有耐心的司机的欺负,最后一段提到无人驾驶车辆与人为驾驶车辆的比较。作者推崇无人驾驶车辆,而且本文重点是对比无人驾驶车辆和人类司机驾驶车辆,因此本文中心思想是不要欺负和不尊重无人驾驶车辆。BMy name is Matthew.Im not someone who has many secrets because Im a terrible liar.But there is one huge secret that I kept for yearsI failed my driving test.I had never failed a test before,and had never even come close.Driving made me anxious,but my parents told me I had to.They made me sign up for driving lessons.I had gotten a perfect score for my written permit exam,but getting behind the wheel was a different story.But when October 30th rolled around,my pride set in.I wanted to be like everyone else at my school,showing off the brand-new license theyd gotten.Looking back on that special day,I cant remember if I was nervous.What I do remember is starting the test,pausing at a stop sign after a few seconds,and being asked by the instructor to pull over.I had received an auto-fail since my pause was indeed a pause and not a real stop.I wasnt upset that I was leaving without a license,but I was scared everyone would know that I had failed.So when I got to class,I told everyone I didnt want to take the test on my birthday.One Friday a month later,I went to the test spot again and passed.Later that night I drove for the first time by myself,which brought to me an amazing feeling Ive never experiencedbut still,I couldnt imagine ever telling anyone the truth.So I didnt.It wasnt until midway through college that I came clean.It turned out plenty of my college friends had failed too!And I gathered enough courage to speak the fact out.Yes,I had also failed.Now I realize failure and imperfection are two things everyone has to experience,without which one couldnt make a true man.5.What can we learn about Matthew?A.He relied heavily on his parents.B.He was bored with telling lies.C.He was a slow learner of driving.D.He was afraid of taking exams.6.Why did the instructor ask Matthew to pull over?A.To put an end to his test.B.To check his parking skills.C.To give him a second chance.D.To show him a better way of driving.7.What made Matthew feel extremely worried after his first attempt?A.Failing to get a driving license.B.Missing his birthday celebration.C.Making his parents disappointed.D.Losing face before his classmates.8.What did Matthew learn from his own experience?A.Failure is a way to grow up. B.Honesty is the best policy.C.Truth stands the test of time.D.Imperfection is another form of perfection.语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者参加驾照考试时没有通过路考,却向同学们隐瞒了此事,最终他向别人说了实话,并且明白了每个人都要经历失败和不完美的故事。答案及剖析:5.C推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“But there is one huge secret that I kept for yearsI failed my driving test”和第一段最后两句“They made me sign up for driving lessons.I had gotten a perfect score for my written permit exam,but getting behind the wheel was a different story”可知,虽然作者笔试成绩优秀,但是路考失败了;根据第三段第一句“One Friday a month later,I went to the test spot again and passed”可知,一个月后作者补考通过了路考;据此可以判断,Matthew是一个学习驾驶技术较慢的人,故C项正确。6.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What I do remember is starting the test,pausing at a stop sign after a few seconds,and being asked by the instructor to pull over”可知,开始考试几秒钟后Matthew将车停在一个停车指示牌旁,然后被教练要求靠边停车;再结合第二段的“I had received an auto-fail since my pause was indeed a pause and not a real stop”可知,Matthew路考失败了;据此可知,教练要求Matthew靠边停车是为了得出考试结果,结束考试,故A项正确。7.D推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“I wasnt upset that I was leaving without a license,but I was scared everyone would know that I had failed”可知,Matthew不担心没有拿到驾照就离开,但他害怕每个人都知道他失败了。据此可推知,Matthew最担心的是害怕在同学们面前丢脸,故D项正确。8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now I realize failure and imperfection are two things everyone has to experience,without which one couldnt make a true man”可知,Matthew意识到失败和不完美是每个人必须经历的两件事,没有它们,一个人就不能成为真正的人。据此可知,从这次经历中,Matthew学到了“失败是成长的一种方式”这一道理,故A项正确。.语法填空China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years.Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of the Winter Solstice(冬至),especially those 1. live in the north.When midwinter comes,vital movement begins to decline and calm down.In this period,2. eaten in a right amount,some nuts such as peanuts,walnuts,and chestnuts are good for ones body.People in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province,3.(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter.According to an old story,during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago,the King of Wu 4.(feed) up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5.(variety) things.Then,the beauty Xishi made wontons to honor the kings wish.He ate a lot and liked the food very much.Later,the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival 6.(official).In places such as Shanghai,people eat tangyuan,a kind of small dumpling ball 7.(produce) with sticky rice flour (面粉).In Yinchuan,Ningxia,people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”.On that day,it is customary for people there to eat mutton soup and dumplings.They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”,which,they usually share with their 8.(relative).People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing nine-layer cakes 9. their ancestors.People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages.After 10.(hold) the sacrificial ceremony,there is always a grand dinner.答案及剖析:1.who考查定语从句。在冬至这一天,许多中国人吃饺子是一种常见的民俗,尤其是那些住在北方的人。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为those,指人,故填who。先行词those指人时,关系词不能用that。2.if/when考查状语从句。在这个时期,适量食用一些如花生、核桃和栗子等坚果的话对身体有好处。该句已有主干结构“some nuts such as peanuts,walnuts,and chestnuts are good for ones body”,故此处填连词。根据语境可知,此处表示条件或时间,空前省略了主语some nuts和系动词are,故应填if或when。3.are考查时态和主谓一致。江苏省苏州市的人们习惯在冬至日吃馄饨。此处在陈述现在的事实,故用一般现在时。设空处前的in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province为People的后置定语,该句主语为People,是集合名词,表复数概念,故填are。4.was fed考查时态和主谓一致。根据一个古老的故事,在2500年前的冬至盛宴中,吴王厌倦了各种昂贵的食物,想尝试各种不同的东西。be fed up with为固定短语,意为“对感到厌烦”。再根据该句中出现过去的时间状语during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago可知,此处应用一般过去时。主语为the King of Wu。故填was fed。5.various考查形容词。句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰后面的things,应用形容词形式,故填various,意为“各种各样的”。6.officially考查副词。后来,苏州人吃馄饨来正式地庆祝这个节日。设空处修饰前文的动词短语celebrate the festival,应用副词形式,故填duced考查非谓语动词。在上海等地,人们吃汤圆,这是一种用糯米粉制成的带馅的球。句中已有谓语动词,故设空处应用非谓语动词作a kind of small dumpling ball的后置定语。a kind of small dumpling ball与produce之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词produced。8.relatives考查名词复数。他们给冬至汤起了一个奇怪的名字,把它称作“头脑”,通常与他们的亲戚们一起分享。relative意为“亲戚,亲属”,是可数名词。设空处指他们的亲戚们,不止一个,应用复数形式,故填relativ