新版广州八年级英语上Unit1.ppt

Unit 1,New Words,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,重点单词讲解,perhaps 可能，大概 【词语辨析】maybe ，perhaps，possible，probably,这四个词都意为“可能”，但表示可能性大小不一样，其顺序如下： maybe，或许，大概，主要用于非正式场合，常用于口语中，语气比perhaps轻。 perhaps，也许，可能，副词，一般指小于一半可能性，较多的含有“不大可能”的意思。 possibly，也许，或者，可能，可能性较大，用于否定句中表示“无论如何“之意 probably，很可能，大概，在这组中可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。,probably possibly perhaps maybe,include 包括,【词语辨析】include , including , included （1）include 为及物动词，意为“包含，包括”指整体中包含明确说出的某些部分，有时不一定举出所包含的全部内容。 The price includes both house and furniture.价钱包括房子和家具 （2）including 介词，意为“包含，包括” There are seven people, including four men. 共有七人，包括四位男士。 （3）included 为形容词，意为“包括在内的”，常用于名词之后。它和including引起的短语含义相同，但是在句中的词序位置不同。,练习：1.This plan _ some of your suggestions(建议). 2. Ten people, _ two children, visited the Great Wall.,includes,including,be famous for/as,练习：选词填空 for ，as 1. Mark Twin was famous _ a children-story writer. 2. He is famous _ his skill in playing football. 3. The area is famous _ its green tea. 4. This book is famous _ a reference book(参考书).,as,for,for,as,完成P3词汇练习,P3 词汇练习,Phrases,LOREM IPSUM DOLOR,重点短语,重点短语讲解,look up,1. Look up 意为“查阅；查询”，强调的词典、参考书等工具书里查询。 We can look up new words in dictionary. 我们可以在词典中查新单词。 拓展： look up 仰视；向上看 He looked up from his book as I came into the room. 我进入房间时，他从书本上抬起头来看了看。 2. look的相关短语： look around 向周围看 look out 向外看；当心 look like 看起来像 look the same 看起来相同 look forward to doing 盼望,human/human being/people,for example,such as,for example 用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只列举同类人或事物中的“一个”为例，做插入语，可放在句首，句中或句末。 For example, Ill help you with your study.例如，我会在学习上帮助你。 such as 用来举例，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个为例，插在被例举的事物与名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。 I know many of them, such as Mike, Tom ,and Bill.,用for example ，such as 填空 1.You should visit Hangzhou. Lingyin Temple, _, is very famous. 2. I visited several cities _ New York ,Chicago and shanghai. 3.What would you do if you met a wild animal - a lion, _?,for example,such as,for example,millions of,完成P3句子练习,P3句子练习,P4答案,3.1 is as interesting as doesnt as artistic as,used to do sth,举一反三 翻译下列句子：,1)她习惯晚饭后散步。 She_ a walk after dinner. 2)刀被用来切东西。 Knives_ things. 3)他过去常常早起。 He _ up early. 4)邮票是用来寄信的Stamps_ letters. 5) 他习惯了住在城市里。 He _ in the city. 6)我过去常常在星期天做作业。 I _my homework on Sunday. 7)我曾经是少先队员。I_ a young pioneer.,is/gets used to taking,are used to cut,used to get,are used to send,is/gets used to living,used to do,used to be,完成P4练习,P4答案,(一) go running build living （二） am used to eating used to live used to swim is used to make,复合不定代词,复合不定代词的用法,含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。,不定代词some, any, no, every与-one, -body, -thing构成复合代词。我们称之为复合不定代词。,1、something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中， 而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。 如： He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。 Do you have anything to say ？你有话要说吗？ I cant meet anybody on the island. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。,2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中，也用something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。 如:Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？ 3、当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。 如： Anything is OK. 什么都行。 Anyone is OK. 任何人都可以。,3. 复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。 如：Is everyone here today? Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 4.形容词修饰这些复合不定代词，必须放它们 后面。 如：Is there anything interesting on TV tonight? I have something important to tell you.,5.合与分的区别问题 someone，anyone，everyone都只能指人，且不和介词of连用；some one，any one，every one则既可指人又可指物，可与介词of连用。 例如： Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。 -Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩,谚语 1.Everything is good for something. 是东西都有用处。 2. Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎 子。 3. Money isnt everything. 钱不是万能的。,复合不定代词练习题： 选择题： ( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing ( ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourself? No, I have _ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing ( ) 3. Why not ask _ to help you? A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none ( ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were,( ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing ( ) 6. The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read. But Im afraid it wont be liked by _. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody ( ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard _. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing ( ) 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing,( ) 9. Everyone is here today, _? No, Han Mei isnt here. Shes ill. A. isnt it B. isnt he C. are they D. isnt everyone ( ) 10. Everything goes well, _? A. is it B. isnt it C. do they D. doesnt it （ ）11. _ of us is active in English class. A. Every B. Every one C. Everyone D. Anybody （ ）12. The exam was difficult, wasnt it? No，but I dont think_ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody,完成P5练习,P5复合不定代词答案,用括号内的词填空 针对练习 1-5 BBBCC 6-10 CACA,一般过去时,一般过去时,1、 时态介绍 2、判断标志 3、一般过去时构成 4、 一般过去时的句式变化 5、谓语变化 6、练习,1.定义： （用法一） 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用; 例句:I got up at 7:00 yesterday. My father was at work yesterday afternoon （用法二） 也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频度的时间状语连用。 例句: He always went to work by bus last year. （含有频度副词： often always 等，但主要还是含有过去时间状语） .,1.与ago 连用： a moment two minutes three hours five days one week six months four years,ago,2、一般过去时的判断标志： 明确的过去时间状语,last,time night week month term Monday,yesterday,morning afternoon evening,the day before yesterday,2.与last 连用,3.与yesterday 连用：,4.与one 连用：,one,morning evening day Monday afternoon,5.与that 连用：,that,morning winter day year,just now in the old days in those days in 1980 the other day at that time once upon a time,6.其他时间状语：,3、一般过去时的构成,be动词(was,were) 助动词(did) 主语+谓语 情态动词(could,might) 实义动词(有确切含义的动词，可 以单独做谓语,如:played 等) 例如： They were happy. He played football. You did your homework.,4、一般过去时句式变换,一般过去时态句式的构成 陈述句式,进入下页,返回首页,一般过去时态句式的构成 疑问句式,返回上页,返回首页,1.肯定句：主语 + 行为动词过去式 be动词过去式(was / were) e.g. We played football yesterday. I was in the office last night. He couldnt swim 10 years ago. 2.否定句 did not / didnt + 行为动词原形 was not / wasnt + 其他成分 were not / werent + 其他成分 e.g. I was not in the office last night. I didnt sing a song at Kangkangs party. I didnt play video games.,3. 一般疑问句 did + 主语 +行为动词原形 was / were + 主语 +其他成分 eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday? -Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. -Was she 15 years old last year? 4. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 +did + 主语 +行为动词原形 特殊疑问词 +was / were + 主语 +其他成分 eg. - Did you go shopping yesterday? When and where were you born?,5、谓语变化,构成规则,例词,1. 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed look looked play played start started 2. 结尾是 e 的动词加 -d live lived hope hoped use used,3. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读 闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字 母，再加-ed,stop stopped plan planned trip tripped,4. 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词， 先变“y”为“i”再加-ed,study studied carry carried,规则动词过去式的构成,说明： 1、清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ , 例：finished helped passed cooked,规则动词-ed的读音,元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/ , 例：borrowed enjoyed called moved,、/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/ 例：wanted shouted needed counted,grow - grew know - knew throw - threw blow - blew write - wrote drive - drove ride - rode get - got forget - forgot lend - lent send - sent spend - spent say - said */sed/ pay - paid stand - stood understand - understood let - let put - put cut - cut read - read*,am, is - was are - were do - did go - went have - had see - saw can - could may - might dig - dug eat - ate find - found make - made hear - heard run - ran take - took hold - held speak - spoke leave - left,keep - kept sleep - slept sweep - swept tell - told sell - sold begin - began sing - sang sit - sat swim - swam ring - rang give - gave bring - brought buy - bought think - thought teach - taught catch - caught come - came become - became,不规则动词的过去式,写出下列动词的过去式：,run borrow grow watch write smile open begin swim carry study finish,use live wake keep say clean buy play learn see read stop,go think be happen give become get rain stay pass answer,went thought was/ were happened gave became got rained stayed passed answered,used lived woke kept said cleaned bought played learnt/ed saw read stopped,ran borrowed grew watched wrote smiled opened began swam carried studied finished,巧记动词过去时态,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事； be用was或用were, have,has变had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间做标志； 一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。 否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原； 动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。,返回上页,返回首页,6、Exercises,III.句型转换 They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句) _ they _ to China in 1990? 2.I was ill for two days last week? (同上) _ you ill for two days last week? 3. The twins go to school on foot every day. (同上) _ the twins _ to school on foot every day? 4.She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句) She _ _ the clothes last Sunday,Did,come,Were,Do,go,didnt,wash,5. She is going to go shopping tomorrow. (变否定句) _ 6. My mother likes her students. (变一般疑问句) _ 7. Do you watch TV on Sunday? (用last Sunday 改写成过去时态的句子) _ 8. Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterday. (变否定句) She _ _ a new pen yesterday.,She isnt going to go shopping tomorrow.,Does your mother like her students?,Did you watch TV last Sunday?,didnt,buy,用括号里动词的适当形式填空。 1. He _ (read) that book last week. 2. Last night he _ (arrive) just in time for the show. 3. Mary _ (marry) Thomas yesterday. 4. Tom _ (show) us where to sit at the meeting yesterday. 5. Last summer we _ (visit) Uncle Jack. 6. It _ (rain) almost every day last month. 7. John _ (like) to play piano when he was in secondary school. 8. Betty _ (work) hard all last year. 9. We _ (change) the color of our uniforms last Christmas. 10. Last year Frances _ (buy) her mother a pretty watch for her birthday.,read,arrived,married,showed,visited,rained,liked,worked,changed,bought,11. They _ (not watch) TV just now. 12. They _ (carry) water for Grandpa Liu three days ago. 13. Mike and Jack _ (make) the model plane last month. 14. _ your friends _ (have) a good time in the park that day? 15. My father _ (go) to Beijing a week ago. 16. _ Mary _ (study) at the No. 1 Middle School the year before last? 17. His parents _ (not go) out for a walk after supper yesterday. 18. Where _ (be) Mei Fang last night?,didnt watch,carried,made,Did,have,went,Did,study,didnt go,was,完成P6练习,P6一般过去时答案,More practice,More practice的答案,Unit 2,基数词、序数词,数词,数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词。,基数词,序数词,数量,顺序,一、基数词、序数词,first,second,third,twelfth,13,1,2,3特殊记,1st,2nd,3rd,数字+序数词最后两个字母,419,/,ve,four,fi,sixth,seventh,eigh,nin,tenth,eleventh,th,f,th,th,th,t,e,4,th,11th,6th,5,th,7th,8th,9th,10th,f,thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth,twel,ve,th,12th,13th,14th,15th,16th,17th,18th,19th,基数词,基数词,序数词,序数词,缩写,缩写,8减t,9去e, ve 要由f替，然后再加“th”,twelfth,2090,twent,y,ie,th,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth,y要变ie,最后别忘-th.,20th,30th,40th,50th,60th,70th,80th,90th,2199,twenty-,first,thirty-,second,forty-,third,fifty-,fourth,sixty-,fifth,seventy-,sixth,eighty-,seventh,ninety-,eighth,ninety-,ninth,21st,32nd,43rd,54th,65th,76th,87th,98th,99th,“几十几”要注意，个位序数就可以！,二、基数词的读法,101999，三位数，百位与十位/个位之间加and。,百位数读法,101 one hundred and one,840 eight hundred and forty,693 six hundred and ninety-three,千位数及以上数字的读法,1,000以上的数字,从右向左每三位用“ ，”分开, 分别读为thousand（千） , million（百万）, billion（十亿）,321,4,thousand,four thousand,three hundred and twenty-one,321,654,7,thousand,million,seven million,six hundred and fifty-four thousand,three hundred and twenty-one,千位数及以上数字的读法,321,654,987,thousand,million,one billion,nine hundred and eighty-seven million,six hundred and fifty-four thousand,1,billion,three hundred and twenty-one,18,113,024,790,试一试：,eighteen billion,one hundred and thirteen million, twenty-four thousand,seven hundred and ninety.,基数词的用法、序数词,一、表示数量,1. 十二层楼,2. 一千二百五十个学生,twelve floors,1,250 students,hundreds thousands millions billions,数词+,3. 两百万美元,two million dollars,hundred thousand million billion,4. 成百上千棵树,hundreds of trees,+ of,(several),（表示概数）,（表示具体数量）,(some)/ (many),基数词的用法,二、表示年龄,1. 十六岁,2. 在他五十多岁时,3. 一个八岁的女孩,sixteen years old,in his fifties,an eight-year-old girl,in ones+整十基数词的复数形式,in one,