江苏专用2020版高考英语新增分大一轮复习渐进写作全辑StepOne第4讲润色添彩的定语从句课件牛津译林版.ppt

Reading,StepOne夯实基础，步步提升,第4讲润色添彩的定语从句,定语从句的正确使用体现学生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力，在写作中使用一到两个定语从句可以提升文章的档次。一、写作中定语从句的常见类型1.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是常见。(1)Ihavealreadybeenavolunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwillbeheldattheendofAugustinTianjin.我已经是八月底将在天津举行的第十三届全运会的志愿者了。(2017天津),(2)ThereisnodoubtthatyouaresupposedtoknowaboutthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance，whichwillmaketheclassgosmoothly.毫无疑问你应该提前了解唐朝的历史，这会使得课程进展顺利。(2017全国)(3)Anystudentwhoisinterestedisweletoparticipate.欢迎任何感兴趣的同学参加。(2016全国)2.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句是指when，where，why引导的定语从句。(1)Ithinkthereasonwhyyouarealwaysangrymaybethehighpressureofstudy.我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。,(2)Tohelpthembetterunderstandourtea-drinkingculture，wetookthemtothetearoominourschool，whereIintroducedthehistoryoftea-makinganddifferentkindsoftea.为了更好地让他们了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带领他们去了学校的茶室，在那里我向他们介绍了制茶的历史及茶的种类。(2018北京)3.“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句(1)Itssaidthatalargenumberofpaper-cutworksbyexpertsthroughoutChinawillbeonshow，someofwhicharemadebyfamousartists.据说出自全国各地的专家之手的大量剪纸作品会被展出，其中一些是著名艺术家的作品。(2017全国),(2)Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek，duringwhichweinterviewedourteachersandtookpicturesofeveryaspectofschoollife.收集材料花费了我们一周的时间，在那期间我们采访了老师，对学校生活的每个方面拍了照片。(2017北京),即时训练11.我们的英语老师是一位中年女士，她的儿子在美国读书。OurEnglishteacherisamiddle-agedwoman.2.上周我和父母去参观了父亲以前工作过的农场。LastweekmyparentsandIpaidavisittothefarm.3.再过一个月就是7月底了，届时世界青少年机器人技能大赛(theWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetition)计划在我的城市，天津举办。(2018天津)TherewillbeamonthbeforetheendofJuly，_.,查看答案,whosesonisstudyingintheUSA,wheremyfatheronceworked,whentheWorldAdolescentRobotics,Competitionisscheduledtobeheldinmycity，Tianjin,二、定语从句的常见句型1.Asweallknow./Asisknowntousall.众所周知Asweallknow，ourearthhasbeenpollutedheavilysofar.众所周知，目前我们的地球已经被严重污染了。2.Astheoldsayinggoes.常言道Astheoldsayinggoes，“WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.”常言道，“入乡随俗。”3.such.as.像这样的；诸如此类的Heissuchakindteacheraswealllike.他是那么和蔼的老师，所以我们都喜欢他。,4.thesame.as./thesameas.像一样的Hermannertowardshimwasquitethesameasithadalwaysbeen.她对他的方式与以前完全一样。5.oneofthe复数名词定语从句中的一个Hersisterisoneofthestudentswhoareadmittedintothefamousuniversity.她妹妹是考入这所著名大学的学生之一。6.theonlyoneofthe复数名词定语从句中唯一的一个Sheistheonlyoneofthestaffwhoisqualifiedforthejob.她是唯一一个能胜任这项工作的员工。,即时训练21.众所周知，在我们学校作弊是要受到惩罚的。，ifwecheatinourschool，wewillbepunished.2.她是那么幽默的一个女孩，我们都喜欢和她在一起。Sheiswealllikestayingwith.3.李萍是我们班刻苦学习的学生之一。LiPingisoneofthestudents.,查看答案,Asweallknow/Asisknowntousall,suchahumorousgirlas,whoareworkinghardinourclass,三、定语从句的写法定语从句在写作时可采用“三步法”。第一步：写出两个简单句。(1)Thescientistwillpayavisittoourschoolnextweek.(2)Thescientistisveryintelligentandmodest.第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要被修饰的词汇，这个词汇在两个简单句中都要有。根据句意在第一个句子中找出要被修饰的词汇：thescientist。第三步：用第二个简单句充当定语从句，要注意关系词的选择。把第一个句子改为含有定语从句的复合句，thescientist作为先行词，指人，在从句中作主语，所以关系词可以是that或who。Thescientistwho/thatisveryintelligentandmodestwillpayavisittoourschoolnextweek.,即时训练3用定语从句连接下列每组简单句1.Iamherevisitingmyuncle.Hehappenstobeworkinginyourcity._2.Ioftenhelpmydeskmate.Ithasbeenappreciatedbyourteachers._3.Ivealwayslookedforwardtotheday.Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen._,查看答案,Iamherevisitingmyuncle，whohappenstobeworkinginyourcity.,Ioftenhelpmydeskmate，whichhasbeenappreciatedbyourteachers.,Ivealwayslookedforwardtothedaywhen/onwhichIwillbeabletobeindependent.,四、在写作中使用定语从句时的常见错误1.关系词误用,(误)Iwonthefirstprize，thatmademyparentsveryhappy.(正)Iwonthefirstprize，whichmademyparentsveryhappy.(误)Shewasborninavillage，wherewaslocatedatthefootofahill.(正)Shewasborninavillage，whichwaslocatedatthefootofahill.(误)Ihaveagoodfriend，whoshandwritingisnice.(正)Ihaveagoodfriend，whosehandwritingisnice.,2.句子成分残缺,(误)Look！Therearealotofoldwomenaredancingthere.(正)Look！Therearealotofoldwomenwhoaredancingthere.(误)Thosewhoinfavorofmysuggestion，pleaseraiseyourhands.(正)Thosewhoareinfavorofmysuggestion，pleaseraiseyourhands.,3.有多余的代词或副词,(误)ThepicturehedrewitlastSundaywasreallybeautiful.(正)ThepicturehedrewlastSundaywasreallybeautiful.(误)IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhoodlastsummer.(正)IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhoodlastsummer.,4.混淆定语从句与并列句,(误)Smokingisabadhabit，itdoesgreatharmtopeopleshealth.(正)Smokingisabadhabit，anditdoesgreatharmtopeopleshealth.(正)Smokingisabadhabit，whichdoesgreatharmtopeopleshealth.(误)Theboyhasmanyfriends，andsomeofwhomareforeigners.(正)Theboyhasmanyfriends，andsomeofthemareforeigners.(正)Theboyhasmanyfriends，someofwhomareforeigners.,.用定语从句完成句子1.上周，我们带着本校的外国学生去体验了正宗的茶文化，结果证明这是很有意义的。(2018北京)Lastweek，wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheChineseteaculture，.2.这部电影主要与学校的发展有关，这将有助于我们学生更好地了解学校的历史。(2018全国)Thefilmismainlyrelatedtothedevelopmentofourschool，_.,查看答案,whichturnedouttobeextremelyrewarding,综合演练,ZONGHEYANLIAN,whichwillgreatly,helpusstudentsknowtheschoolshistorybetter,3.我们学校最近刚建成了一座体育馆，它就在图书馆的后面。(2018全国)Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumrecently，_.4.我买了很多书，这些书花了我所有的积蓄。Iboughtagreatmanybooks，.5.我们班由40位同学组成，所有人都待人友好，学习刻苦。Ourclassismadeupof40students，.6.那座建于100年前的石桥将被拆除。Thestonebridgeistobepulleddown.,查看答案,whichislocatedbehindthelibrary,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved,which/thatwasbuiltonehundredyearsago,allofwhomarefriendlyandhard-working,7.警察搜查了嫌疑人曾经住过的房子。Thepolicesearchedthewholehouse.8.他还没去过你在信里提到过的那个城市。Hehasntbeentothecity.,查看答案,where/inwhichthesuspectoncelived,(which/that)youmentionedinyourletter,.根据以下内容要点写一篇短文，介绍你的同学Mary，尽可能多地使用定语从句1.我有一个同学叫Mary，她的爸爸是我以前的语文老师。2.Mary乐于助人，对自己非常严格，但是很容易相处，我们都非常喜欢她。3.Mary学习非常努力，去年被一所重点大学录取了，这使得她父母很高兴。4.寒假就要到了，到时Mary会和她的好朋友一起去北京。5.众所周知，北京有很多名胜，她们在那里会学到很多东西而且会玩得开心。,参考范文,IhaveaclassmatecalledMary，whosefatherismyformerChineseteacher.Maryisagirlwhoishelpfulandstrictwithherself