MLA格式说明.doc

MLA 2009 Formatting and Style GuideGeneral FormatMLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using the English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages.Writers who properly use MLA also build their credibility by demonstrating accountability to their source material. Most importantly, the use of MLA style can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the purposeful or accidental un一般格式MLA样式指定用于格式化的手稿和使用英语的书面指引。MLA风格也提供了与作家通过括号引用引用其来源在他们的论文和引用文献的页面的系统。作家谁正确使用工作重点还通过展示问责其来源的材料建立自己的信誉。最重要的是，使用MLA风格可以保护从作家抄袭的指责，这是有目的的或意外的主演使用的源材料由其他作家。credited use of source material by other writers.If you are asked to use MLA format, be sure to consult the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th edition). Publishing scholars and graduate students should also consult the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (3rd edition). The MLA Handbook is available in most writing centers and reference libraries; it is also widely available in bookstores, libraries, and at the MLA web site. See the Additional Resources section of this handout for a list of helpful books and sites about using MLA style. For an overview of the 2009 guideline changes, please visit the OWLs MLA Update 2009 resource.如果你被要求使用MLA格式，请务必咨询MLA手册为研究论文（第7版）的作家，出版的学者和研究生也应征询MLA格式手册和指南，以学术出版（第三版）的工作重点手册提供最写作中心和参考库; .它也被广泛使用在书店，图书馆，并在重点网站，请参阅本讲义的其他资源部分为有用的书籍和网站列表关于使用MLA风格为2009年度方针的改变列表，请访问OWL的工作重点更新2009的资源。Paper FormatThe preparation of papers and manuscripts in MLA style is covered in chapter four of the MLA Handbook, and chapter four of the MLA Style Manual. Below are some basic guidelines for formatting a paper in MLA style.论文格式 论文和手稿在MLA样式的准备是包括在MLA手册的第四章，和MLA样式手册的第四章。下面是在MLA样式格式化文件的一些基本准则。General Guidelines Type your paper on a computer and print it out on standard, white 8.5 x 11-inch paper. Double-space the text of your paper, and use a legible font (e.g. Times New Roman). Whatever font you choose, MLA recommends that the regular and italics type styles contrast enough that they are recognizable one from another. The font size should be 12 pt. Leave only one space after periods or other punctuation marks (unless otherwise instructed by your instructor). Set the margins of your document to 1 inch on all sides. 一般准则 输入你的论文的计算机上，并打印出来的标准，白色8.511英寸的纸张。 双空间纸张的文本，并使用清晰字体（如宋体）。无论字体您选择，工作重点建议，定期和斜体款式型号对比不够，他们是从另一个辨认之一。字体大小应为12磅。 期或其他标点符号后只留下一个空格（除非你的导师另有指示）。 设置您的文档的页边距为1英寸四面八方。 Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch from the left margin. MLA recommends that you use the Tab key as opposed to pushing the Space Bar five times. Create a header that numbers all pages consecutively in the upper right-hand corner, one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin. (Note: Your instructor may ask that you omit the number on your first page. Always follow your instructors guidelines.) Use italics throughout your essay for the titles of longer works and, only when absolutely necessary, providing emphasis. If you have any endnotes, include them on a separate page before your Works Cited page. Entitle the section Notes (centered, unformatted). 段落缩进一个半英寸从左边距的第一道防线。工作重点建议您使用Tab键，而不是推空格键五次。创建一个连续的数字在右上角的角落，从顶部和右边距对齐（注二分之一英寸的所有网页的标头：.你的老师可能会问，你忽略你的第一个页面的数量始终遵守你的导师的指引。）使用斜体整个论文的较长作品的标题和，只有在绝对必要时，提供重点。如果您有任何尾注，其中包括一个单独的页面之前，您的工作原理引页。赋予部分票据（居中，未格式化）。.Formatting the First Page of Your PaperDo not make a title page for your paper unless specifically requested. In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list your name, your instructors name, the course, and the date. Again, be sure to use double-spaced text. Double space again and center the title. Do not underline, italicize, or place your title in quotation marks; write the title in Title Case (standard capitalization), not in all capital letters. Use quotation marks and/or italics when referring to other works in your title, just as you would in your text: Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas as Morality Play; Human Weariness in After Apple Picking 格式化第一页纸张的不要让你的论文扉页，除非特别要求。在第一个页面的左上角的角落，列出你的名字，你的导师的名字，当然，和日期。再次，一定要使用双倍行距的文本。再次双击空间和中心的称号不要下划线，斜体，或者放入你的标题中引号，写标题的标题案例（标准大写），而不是在所有的大写字母。指的是在您的标题等作品时，请使用引号和/或斜体字，就像你在你的文字：恐惧和厌恶在拉斯维加斯的道德剧，在人类厌学“苹果采摘后” Double space between the title and the first line of the text. Create a header in the upper right-hand corner that includes your last name, followed by a space with a page number; number all pages consecutively with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin. (Note: Your instructor or other readers may ask that you omit last name/page number header on your first page. Always follow instructor guidelines.)Here is a sample of the top half of a first page in MLA style:Image Caption: A sample first page of an MLA-formatted paper.标题和正文的第一行之间的双重空间。 创建包含您的姓氏，然后用一个页码的空间在右上角的角落头;（1，2，3，4，等）数量所有页面连续用阿拉伯数字，一半来自英寸，顶部和右边距对齐（注意：你的老师或其他读者可能会问，你省略姓/页码页眉上的第一页始终遵循导师的指引。） 这里是MLA样式的第一个页面的上半部分的一个示例： 一个MLA格式文件的样本第一页。Section HeadingsWriters sometimes use Section Headings to improve a documents readability. These sections may include individual chapters or other named parts of a book or essay.EssaysMLA recommends that when you divide an essay into sections that you number those sections with an arabic number and a period followed by a space and the section name.1. Early Writings2. The London Years3. Traveling the Continent4. Final YearsBooksMLA does not have a prescribed system of headings for books. If you are only using one level of headings, meaning that all of the sections are distinct and parallel and have no additional sections that fit within them, MLA recommends that these sections resemble one another grammatically. For instance, if your headings are typically short phrases, make all of the headings short phrases (and not, for example, full sentences). Otherwise, the formatting is up to you. It should, however, be consistent throughout the document.If you employ multiple levels of headings (some of your sections have sections within sections), you may want to provide a key of your chosen level headings and their formatting to your instructor or editor.Sample Section HeadingsThe following sample headings are meant to be used only as a reference. You may employ whatever system of formatting that works best for you so long as it remains consistent throughout the document.Numbered:1. Soil Conservation1.1 Erosion1.2 Terracing2. Water Conservation3. Energy ConservationFormatted, unnumbered:Level 1 Heading: bold, flush leftLevel 2 Heading: italics, flush leftLevel 3 Heading: centered, boldLevel 4 Heading: centered, italicsLevel 5 Heading: underlined, flush leftHow to Cite the Purdue OWL in MLA:Entire WebsiteThe Purdue OWL. Purdue U Writing Lab, 2008. Web. 27 Dec. 2008.Individual ResourcesPurdue OWL. MLA Forma