英语专业本科生论文指导.ppt

InstructionsonThesisWritingforBachelorDegree,本科生论文写作规范,1.题目的命名2.目录的格式3.摘要的格式4.正文的格式5.参考文献的格式6.邮件联系导师的格式,应根据自己的所学专业来确定避免选择过偏、过窄、过于生僻选题范围：英美文学评论、中西文学文化比较、英语教学法、英语语言学及应用语言学、英语国家文化、跨文化交际、翻译理论与实践,1.题目的命名,论文题目应具体、明确、突出论文重点，避免大而空泛的题目，避免使用整句或者问句。,Topicasthoughtprovoking:yourtopicshouldmaketheaudiencethinkandshouldbewhattheycannotreadilyanswer.Topicasinteresting:youdonotneedtoprovideinformationthataudiencealreadyknows.Thinkofameaningfultopic.,Topicasfocused,“LoveinRomeoandJuliet”broad;“JulietsmatureloveversusRomeosAdolescentlove”wouldbebetter.“JulietasCharacter”toobroad;“JulietschangefromChildtoYoungWoman”better.“MalecharactersinHemingwaysworks”broad;“malecharactersinHemingwaysnovels”better;“malecharactersinHemingwaysAFarewelltoArms”evenbetter.“OnEmilyDickinsonsPoems”-broad;“onEmilyDickinsonsDeathPoems”better.,如何确定最终选题？,1）选题应该有意义，有新意，观点正确、明确；2）选题应在个人能力可及范围之内；3）确定选题之前，对该选题所涉及的资料有充分的了解；4）通过对该选题论证和分析，能得出较客观公正的结论。,选题实例分析,如果选题过于宽泛，很难写出有深度的论文，因此需要将选题逐步缩小，然后确定出最终选题。General:TheIcebergTheoryofHemingwayRestricted:TheIcebergTheoryinHemingwaysShortStoriesMorerestricted:TheIcebergTheoryinHemingwaysTheOldManandTheSea,选题实例分析,1:OnProblemsinCross-cultureCommunicationandLearningStrategies.分析:该选题的可取之处在于：（1）切入点较具体：跨文化交际过程中可能出现的各类问题；（2）属分析性文章，从而确定文章主体结构：发现问题，讨论问题，提出可能的解决策略方案。,2.TheArtofContrastinShellysPoem“OdetotheWestWind”分析：该选题的可取之处在于：英文作品分析，与英语语言专业联系紧密，能较好地展示作者的英语水平；（2）从一个角度（artofcontrast）分析作品，避免面面俱到，这样可以作较深入的探讨。,3.TheNatureofHumorEmbodiedinSenseandSensibility分析：该选题的可取之处在于：英文作品分析，与英语语言专业联系紧密，能较好地展示作者的英语水平；（2）从一个角度（thenatureofhumor）分析作品，避免面面俱到，这样可以作较深入的分析探讨。,4.CultureComparisonofAnimalWordsbetweenChineseIdiomsandEnglishIdioms分析：该选题的可取之处在于：（1）语言文化的比较研究，在写作的同时可以学习和总结语言知识，充分体现论文写作是英语学习过程中的一环的教学思想；（2）选题具体，成语（习语）中动物词汇的文化内容；（3）比较研究有较成熟的行文思路（或说研究方法），文章结构好把握。,5.LanguageMustbeTaughtinCulture分析：该选题存在的问题是：（1）选题过于宽泛；（2）可修改为TheImportanceofCultureTeachingtoEnglishLearners,6.ParallelismandContrastofShakespearesDramaticLanguage对本科生来说，过于大的题目无法把握，应该具体到文本。如：ParallelismandContrastofShakespearesDramaticLanguageInRomeoandJuliet,以往较好的论文题目范例（文学方向）,“TheSurvivaloftheFittest”embodiedinTheCalloftheWild适者生存原则在野性的呼唤中的体现AnalysisOnHerzogsSalvationfromModernSpiritualCrisisinSaulBellowsHerzog分析赫索格如何走出现代人精神危机,TheEmploymentofImagesinTheOpenBoat浅析海上扁舟意象的运用AnalysisofHemingwaysIcebergTheoryinHillsLikeWhiteElephants从白象似的群山解读海明威的冰山理论MartinEden:AVictimoftheAmericanDream马丁伊登：美国梦的牺牲者,注：英文中的作品名称用斜体，不能用书名号，题目中的单词首字母大写,OntheWaytoLiberty：AnalysisofTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn在追求自由的道路上-读哈克贝利芬历险记有感TheFeministReadingofTheScarletLetterbyNathanielHawthorne解读纳撒尼尔霍桑作品红字的女权主义,TheRealisticFeaturesofAnimalFarm动物农场的现实主义特征Anti-ChristianityThemeinWallaceStevensSundayMorning解读华莱士史蒂文斯星期天的早晨的反基督主题,好的论文的三个要素,Itpersuadesanaudienceofthevalidityofitsideas.Itusesevidence(facts,reasoningandwhennecessary,testimony)toexplainandsupportitsideas.Ithasathesis,anoverallclaimsupportedbyspecificsub-claims.,文献资料,Primarysources:aretheworksofliteraturesthemselves.IfyouressayisaboutHamlet,thenHamletisyourprimarysource.IfyourarewritingaboutallofShakespearessonnets,thenallofhissonnetsareyourprimarysources.Primarysourcesarecrucialforessaysaboutliterature.Yourmostimportantfacts,theonesthatsupportyourclaims,willcomefromprimarysources.,Secondarysources,ifyouwanttoincludefactsfromoutsidetheworkorcommentaryfrompeopleoutsidethework,youneedtousesecondarysources.Factsfromsecondsourcesincludesuchthingsasinformationabouttheauthorslife,theperiodinwhichtheauthorlived,theauthorsphilosophy,literaryhistory,otherauthors,theoriginalaudience,theworksinfluenceandsimilaritiestootherworks.,Secondarysourcesarevaluableforwhattheyteachusaboutthework.Theygiveinformationthathelpsusformourownopinions.E.g.whenwestudyHawthornsfiction,ourperceptionofhisthemessharpenswhenwelearnthathewasashamedofhisPuritanancestors.WhenwelearnthatJaneAustenusedanactualcalendartoplottheeventsofPrideandPrejudice,weappreciatethecarewithwhichshecraftedherfiction.,Reliablesecondarysources,accuratehistories,biographies,autobiographies,memoirsandinterviews.Whenyouincludefactsfromsecondarysources,citethemandindicateyoursourcesforthem.,Howtoorganizeyouressay,Theorganizationofanyessaydependsinpartonthelineofreasoningyoudevelop,andthiswillvaryfromtopictotopic.Butthegeneralstructureofanargumentativeessayisfairlystandardandalmostalwayscontainsthefollowingunits:,Thetitle,Itshouldtellenoughthetopicoftheessaytocapturetheinterestofreadersandletthemknowthefocusoftheessay.Ithelpstoincludetheauthorsnameandthetitleoftheworkyouarediscussing.E.g.TheRainimageinHemingwaysAFarewelltoArms.”,Introduction,Itshouldstatethetopicoftheessayandshouldbeinterestingenoughtomakethereaderwanttokeeponreading.Theintroductionshouldberelativelyshortinathesisforbachelordegree.,Body,itistheplacewhereyoudevelopyourlineofreasoning.Itconsistsofaseriesofparagraphsthatcontainclaims(usuallyoneclaimperparagraph)alongwithsupportingevidence.,Conclusion,itsignalsthattheessayhascometoanend.Itshouldremindthereaderoftheproblemposedatthebeginningoftheessayandbrieflysummarizethesolutions.Itshouldstateorrestatethethesis.Theconclusionshouldbebrief.,Comparativestudy,OftwoworksbyonewriterOfdifferentstylesoftwowritersOftwocharactersinonenovelOftheambiguityinthewritersreligiousattitudeinacertainnovel?.,Thewritingprocess,Thewritingprocessconsistsoffourmainsetsofactivities:Inventing:itincludesstudyingthesubject.Thesubjectofessaysaboutliteratureistheworkofliterature;identifyingyouraudience(itsneedsandinterests);recognizinganylimitationsplacedonyouressay(length,time,andotherspecificsofanassignment);generatingtopics.,Drafting,itincludesdeterminingathesisandsupportingclaims;gatheringfactsfromtheworkandifhelpful,fromsecondarysourcestosupportclaims;creatingaplanoforganizationforafirstdraft;writingthefirstdraft.,Revising,itincludesreadingyourdraftcritically.Ifpossible,gettingotherstoreadandcommentonit;rethinkingthetopic,planoforganizationandlineofreasoning;gatheringmoresupportforclaims;writingfurtherdrafts.,Editing,itincludesproducingafinaldraftintheformatexpectedbyyouraudience.,Otherdetails,Tense:Describefictionalevents,whetherindrama,poetry,ornovels,inthepresenttense.Whenyoureallywanttoemphasizeanearlieraction,usethepasttense.Authorsname:whenyoumentionanauthorthefirsttime,usethefullname(CharlesDickens).Forsubsequentreferences,usethelastname(Dickens).Spacing:doublespaceeverything.Margins:leaveone-inchmarginsatthetop,bottomandsides.Thisgivesthepagea“frame”andaplaceforcorrectionsandcomments.,较好的论文题目范例（语言学方向）,FactorsAffectingRuralStudentsEnglishListeningComprehensionandCounterMeasures影响农村学生听力能力的因素以及对策TheStylisticLanguageofAdvertisingLanguage广告英语的文体风格(应具体）AStudyofCoherenceinJournalisticDiscourseinEnglish新闻英语语篇的连贯研究,TheEffectofWordRecognitiononListeningComprehension词汇认知对听力理解的影响(应具体）OntheFeaturesofFemaleLanguageinEnglishandChinese论英汉语中的女性用语特点(应具体）,OnLanguageTransferonGrammaticalLevelinSLA论二语习得中语体层面的语言迁移AnAnalysisofthePragmaticFunctionoftheEnglishProgressiveAspect英语动词进行体的语用分析,较好的论文题目范例（翻译方向）,TranslationPracticeundertheInfluenceofGenderDifference翻译实践中的性别差异ThenamingCharacteristicsandTranslatingStrategiesofTrademark中外商标的命名特点及翻译策略,BriefStudiesonTranslationoftheNamesofPlacesofInterests浅析景点名的翻译TheImportanceofFormalEquivalenceinTranslationofAncientChinesePoetry中国古诗翻译中结构对等的重要性(应具体）OnthePracticalTechniquesinEnglishIdiomTranslation英语习语的翻译技巧(应具体）,较好的论文题目范例（教学法方向）,OntheMainFactorsaffectingtheEnglishListening影响英语听力教学的主要因素（可改进）TheInfluenceofOralAnxietyinForeignLanguageLearningonCollegeStudentsOralCapacity外语学习中口语焦虑对学生口语能力的影响,SimulativeFactorsaboutJuniorMiddleSchoolStudentsLearningMotives初中生学习动机的激励因素AnalysisofCommunicativeTasksinClassroom课题交际任务分析（可改进）,较好的论文题目范例（社会文化方向）,ConfuciusDoctrineandItsEffectinBuildingHarmoniousSociety儒家思想与和谐社会（太大）TheStudyofColorWordConnotationinBothChineseandEnglish-withaCaseofRed“颜色词汇在英汉两种语言中的不同内涵：以红色为例TheInfluenceofProtestantonAmericaninSpirit新教对美国精神的影响（太大）,如何改进？,CulturalDifferencesfromthePerceptionofFilms从电影角度看文化差异OntheChangeofChinese-AmericanWomensSocialStatus华裔美国妇女社会地位的变化theComparisonofDifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanCultureinBusinessEtiquette商务礼仪中的中美文化差异比较,字号要求,为最大程度简化大家的排版难度，并与APA格式统一，论文全文所有的文字采用TimesNewRoman，12pt（即小四）字号，所有中文采用同样字号，宋体。包括论文封面的所有文字、所有标题。惟一的字号变化，是当使用大段引用时，应采用全段左缩进二个单位（使用Word的缩进按钮），文字缩小1.5pt，即用10.5（五号）。但对于篇幅在3000单词左右的本科论文来说，成段引用基本上不可取，应尽量避免。,论文封皮.doc,超级链接,目录格式.doc,建议列到二级标题去掉引言与结论，应至少包括三部分。即论文至少要12345部分。,摘要、关键词格式.doc,摘要能够突出论文重点，避免出现主观表达，如Ithink,inmyopinion等，可以用Thispaperintendsto,theconclusionisdrawnthat等客观性句式。摘要是对整篇论文的提炼，要简短而能概括全文。汉语的摘要与英文摘要对应。关键词在三到五个，能够串联论文的主要思路。词与词之间用两个空格隔开，不要用标点符号。,正文格式.doc,超级链接,参考文献（References）的格式,网络资源：LibraryofCongress.(1997).LibraryofCongressPinyinConversionProject，RetrievedMarch，24，2004,from/catdir/pinyin/announce.htmlSpratlyIslands.(n.d.).WikipediaRetrievedNov.23,2006,from,英文作者：按姓氏首字母顺序排列，姓在前，名在后。中间用逗号分开，名后面要有句点。,Newark,P.(1988).ATextbookofTranslation:Pre