形容词,副词的比较级和最高级总结.doc

形容词，副词的比较级和最高级一：比较级，最高级的构成 1 在单音节形容词和部分以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple 结尾的双音节词后面直接+er；+est 例：warm warmer warmest high higher highest slow slower slowest able abler ablest simple simpler simplest 2 形容词，副词以e结尾时+r；+st 例：nice nicer nicestlarge larger largest 3 形容词，副词以辅音+y结尾时变y为i+er；+est 例：busy busier busiest happy happier happiest * shy shier shiest / shyer shyest sly slier sliest / slyer slyest 4 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的形容词或副词双写词尾字母再+er；+est 例：hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 5 多音节词（3个或3个以上音节）和部分双音节的词在前面加 more；most 例：beautiful more beautiful most beautiful useful more useful most useful famous more famous most famous 6 不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good wellbetterbestmany / muchmoremostbadbadlyillworseworstlittlelessleastfar farther further farthest furthestold（GA）older（GB）older（GB）elder（GA）oldest（GB）oldest（GB）eldest 7 特殊情况： 下列各词无比较级和最高级：wrong right correct true empty perfect excellent unique extreme extremely ready possible possibly chief main mainly final sufficient fatal primary absolute absolutely entire entirely infinite naked favorite 下列单音节词变比较级和最高级时在前面加more；most累的：tired more tired most tired高兴的：glad more glad most glad无聊的：bored more bored most bored喜欢的：fond more fond most fond高兴的，愉快的：pleased more pleased most pleased用旧的，用坏的：worn more worn most worn 真的，真实的：real more real most real 热衷的，喜爱的，着迷的：keen more keen most keen 下列词即可以直接+er；+est，又可以more；most聪明的 clever cleverer cleverest / more clever most clever经常 often oftener oftenest / more often most often残酷的 cruel crueler cruelest / more cruel most cruel严厉的 strict stricter strictest / more strict most strict狭窄的，狭隘的 narrow narrower narrowest / more narrow most narrow淘气的 naughty naughtier naughtiest / more naughty most naughty 困的，想睡觉的sleepy sleepier sleepiest / more sleepy most sleepy 友好的 friendly friendlier friendliest / more friendly most friendly充满活力的，活泼的 lively livelier liveliest / more lively most lively安全的，可靠的 secure securer securest / more secure most secure 浅的，肤浅的，无关紧要的 shallow shallower shallowest / more shallow most shallow有名的，众所周知的 well-known better-known best-known / more well-known most well-known二：公式； 1A+V.+as+a.ad.（原级）+as+B.（asas 像一样） 同级比较 例句：This tree is as big as that one. 这棵树和那棵一样大。 Tom runs as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的像杰克一样快。2A+V. not+as+a.ad.（原级）+as+B. （not asas 不像一样）A+V. not+so+a.ad.（原级）+as+B. （not soas 不像一样） 例句：This tree isnt as big as that one. 这棵树不和那棵一样大。 Tom doesnt run as fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的不像杰克一样快。 Tom doesnt run so fast as Jack. 汤姆跑的不像杰克一样快。 3A+V.+a.ad.（比较级）+than+B. A比B更 例句：This book is better than that one. 这本书比那本好。 Im fatter than you. 我比你胖。 I study harder than you. 我学习比你努力。 4S.+V. +a.ad.（最高级）+（比较的范围） 例句：He is the cleverest student in our class. 他是我们班最聪明的学生。 He runs fastest in our school. 他在我们学校跑的最快。 5比较级+and+比较级越来越 例：fatter and fatter 越来越胖bigger and bigger 越来越大more and more 越来越多 6The+比较级+（主+谓），the+比较级+（主+谓） 越越（通常为省略句） 例句：The more, the better. 越多越好。 The busier he is, the happier he is. 他越忙越开心。 The more he eats, the thinner he becomes. 他吃的越多变得越瘦。三 用于修饰比较级的词1 加强语气: even , ( very ) much , far , a lot , lots ( informal ) , still , yet , rather , considerably , a great deal ( formal ) He works even harder than before . The rabbit is rather smaller than the hare , although in appearance the two are very similar . She is a great deal better today .2 减弱语气: a little , a bit ( informal ) , slightly , somewhat ( formal ) The hot dog is a bit cheaper than the hamburger . 四 用于修饰最高级的词最高级可以用序数词以及much , by far（最，显然） , nearly , almost , by no means （一点也不，决不）, not quite （几乎，差不多）, 等词语修饰How much did the second most expensive hat cost ?This hat is by far / much