孔子与儒家(英文介绍).ppt

Confucius,ConfucianismandChrist,Christianity,Confucius:LatinizedspellingChinesename:KongFuzi孔夫子(MasterKong)551-479BCtitles:TheFirstHolyOne,FirstTeacher,TeacheroftheTenThousandGenerationsNeverlivedtoseehisdoctrinesputintopractice,ATimeofTurmoil,ZhouDynasty(1122-253BC)GoldenAge-ThereignofYuWang(780BC)Feudallordsinpower,Emperorisemptytitle,“Chinawasnolongeronecountrybutadozen,eachpotentiallytheenemyofanyother”,JamieBuehler,IsConfucianismaphilosophy,acodeofethics,orareligion?,JamieBuehler,Confucianismasasystemofethics,MoralconductisthebasisofsocialharmonyEmphasisonselfdisciplineandeducationObligationtofamilyFamilyasmicrocosmoftheuniverseStrictFathervs.NurturingParentmodel,JamieBuehler,Confucianismasaphilosophy,“Confucianismsrootmetaphorwasandisaconcernfortheworld”Humanity,reciprocity,empathyCollectiveIndividualHumansaregood,butwestrayEducationandself-discipline,JamieBuehler,Confucianismasareligion,Religion=communityofpeoplewhosharebeliefs,culturalpractices,worshipadeity/deities“somethingdonewithgreatattentiontodetail”Confucianphilosophyofselfdiscipline,Confucianismasareligion,ConfuciuswasnotagodoraprophetHedidnotcreatetheseideas,butmerelyrestoredthem“AstobeingaDivineSageorevenaGoodMan,farbeitfrommetomakeanysuchclaim.”,“Iamnotoneofthosewhohaveinnateknowledge.Iamsimplyonewholovesthepastandwhoisdiligentininvestigatingit”,Confucianismasareligion,RitualsforalloccasionsoflifeVenerationofancestorsMeditationNoinitiationormembershipHeavenisamanifestationofGodThewordsareinterchangeableHeavenmeansgoodness.TobegoodistoliveinharmonywithheavenMencius“Heavendoesnotspeak”,Ren仁,Aprincipleofmutuality,human-heartedness,andempathy.Theabilitytoempathizewithanothersdiscomfortthatwouldpreventthemoralpersontorefrainfromactinginwaysthatwouldcausediscomfort.SimilartoChristianitysGoldenRuleBasicallyApersondoesallactionsforthesakeofJenbecausetherespectforhumanityimpliestherighthumanwaytoact.,Yi义（義）,Righteousness,moraldescriptiontodogood.Actinginawayordoingwhatneedstobedonesimplybecauseitoughttobedone,notforpersonalgainorprofit.BasicallyApersondoesallactionforthesakeofYibecausetheyaretherightthingtodo.,Li礼（禮）,Istheprincipleofgainorbenefit,orderorpropriety.TwomainaspectsofLi:Guidetohumanrelationshipsandrulesofproperaction.Guidetosocialorderorgeneralorderingoflife.,Li礼,TheFiveRelationshipsallrepresentthewaythingsshouldbedoneinasociallifeFatherandSon(lovingandreverential)OlderBrotherandYoungerBrother(gentleandrespectful)HusbandandWife(goodandlistening)OlderFriendandYoungerFriend(considerateanddifferential)RulerandSubject(benevolentandloyal),Ming命,“MandateofHeaven”,fateordestiny.AccordingtoConfucius,Mingissimplythewaythingsareinthecourseofthings.Hedeclaredthathisprinciplesprevailedwereming,andiftheydidnottheywerealsoming.Confuciusbelievedthatthebestthingwecandoistodowhatweoughttodounderthecircumstances.,DoctrineoftheMean中庸,“MiddleWay”Avoidingallextremesineitherthoughtoraction,butapplyingaprinciplestandardofmeasurementtohisorherownmotivesandactions.,FilialPiety孝,Reverenceandextremerespectforparents.AhugepartofChineseculturethathasbeenadoptedintothreemainreligions:Confucianism,Buddhism,andDaoism.Variesfromtakingcareoftheparentstoburyingthemproperlyafterdeath.“Whenyourfatherisaliveobservehisintentions.Whenheisdeceased,modelyourselfonthememoryofhisbehavior.Ifin3yearsafterhisdeath,youhavenotdeviatedfromyourfathersways,thenyoumaybeconsideredafilialchild”-Confucius,TheFiveClassics五经,ClassicofHistoryClassicofPoetryorBookofOdesClassicofRitesBookofChangesorIChingSpringandAutumnAnnals,TheFourBooks四书,AnalectsofConfuciusDoctrineoftheMeanGreatLearningMencius,ErosvsAgape爱（愛）,ErosSexual,romanticlove,AgapeDeepestlove,basedondoinggoodthingsforanotherpersonUnconditional,IsConfucianismEros,Agape,orneither?,仁者爱人。道德仁义，非礼不成；,TheThreeUniversalVirtues,Love仁Wisdom知Courage勇Tobeusedthrougheducation,self-discipline,andtheacceptanceofshame,-LoveForAll-FamilyAndSociety,RespectStartsintheFamilyOnecanthenbranchofftoSocietyConductoneselfwiththoughttowardfamilyandothers.,Education,ConfucianismemphasizeseducationShouldonlybedonefortheadvancementofonesknowledgeNotforfame,wealth,admiration.,“Ignoranceisthenightofthemind,butanightwithoutmoonandstar.”-Confucius,GoldenRule,LikemostreligionsHumansneedtorespectandtreatothersastheythemselveswouldwishtobetreated,IndividualSelf-Interest,FrowneduponCollectiveWell-BeingRememberRenandYi?,TheVirtuousPerson,“DoingforNothing”WorkasaSocietyThevirtuouspersonactsinwaysonlybecauseitshouldbedoneasopposedtoactinginwaysforprofitorotherpersonalbenefits.,ChristianityandConfucianism,ChristianityandConfucianism,“TheGoldenRule”,ChristianityandConfucianism,Othersimilarities.BibleandtheFiveCl