unit3 What is in a nameppt课件.ppt

Unit3Whatisinaname?,1,Part1Listeningandspeakingactivities,1IntroductionoffunctionsDescribingObjectsIfyoudescribeanobject(someoneorsomething),yousaywhatsortofthingitis(whatkindofpersonheorsheis),orwhattheyarelike,suchasitssize,colororshape.Youshouldmentionsomebasic,strikingcharacteristicsorperhapsgivesomeofyourattitudestowardstheobject,oryoucanmakeacommentonit.Note:Someexplanationsmaybenecessaryconcerningtheorderofadjectivesthatmodifyanoun.Theadjectivesbelowareusedtodescribeobjects:,2,woolencottonleatherwoodenmetalglassplasticsilkcanvaspapernylonrubber,greenredyellowblueblackwhitepinkbrownpurpleorangegreytan(棕褐色，茶色）auburn（红褐色）,bigsmalllongshortfatthinhighlowlargetallsquaretriangular,Material,Color,Size,3,Youmaydescribeobjectsorpeoplelikethis:A:Whichappledoyoulike?B:Theredone.A:Whatdidyourfatherlooklike?B:Hewasshortandfat.A:HowoldisyourEnglishteacher?B:Heismiddle-aged,aboutforty.Shehasshortgoldenhairandlightblueeyes.Myhometownissmallandclean.Thelandscapewaseasyontheeyes.Thedaywashotanddusty.Thehousewasold,dampandsmelly.,4,TalkingAboutJobsTherearemanywaysoftalkingaboutonesjob.Thecommonexpressionsusedtoaskonesjobare:Whatdoyoudo?Whatsyourjob?Wheredoyouwork?etc.Whenyoutalkaboutyourjob,youcanusesomeadjectivestodescribeit,suchasboring/lucrative（赚钱的）/interesting/decent/challenging/part-time/full-time,etc.Ifyouwanttoexpressunemployment,youcansay:Someoneisdismissed/discharged/fired/sacked/laidoff/outofjob.Thenounsbelowareusedtoshowonesoccupation:,5,6,TalkingaboutJobsIfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutsomeoneswork,youmayask:Wheredoyouwork?Whatdoyoudo?/Whatdoyoudoforaliving?Whatisyourlineofbusiness?Whatisyourjob/occupation?Whatdoesyourfathersjobinvolve?/Whatsyourfather?Whatisyourroutinework?/Whatdoyoudoexactlyeveryday?Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutyourjob?Whatmadeyoudecidetobecomeateacher?CommonAnswers:IworkforAndersonoffice.Imatourguide.Imadoctor.Imasecretary.Heistheheadmasterofourschool.Heisagardener.Ifindapart-timejobinabusinesscompany.Imlookingforabetterjob.Myjobdoesntrequirespecialskills.Tobeahousewifeissoboring.,7,ConversationOne,8,Illleaveyoutwoheretodo.structureSubject+leave(vt.)+sb.(pron.)+todosth.Youusethestructureleavesomeonetodosomethingtomeanthatyougoawayfromthemsothattheydoitontheirown.grammaticalpointsInthisstructuretheinfinitive(todo)isusedasobjectivecomplement.Youcanleaveanassistanttolookaftertheshop.Iwillleaveyoutocook.,9,listening,10,auburnadj.Isyourhairblackorauburn?setn.Ashampooandsetcosts8.Sheshavingherhairsetforthepartythisevening.gleamingadj.cf.gleaming,glimmering,glitteringe.g.gleamingwhiteteethglimmeringn.Webegintoseetheglimmeringsofasolutiontotheproblem.glitteringadj.Aglitteringcareerhadbeenpredictedforherinthecivilservice.,11,Tottenhamarethebesttosee.structuresubject+be(linkverb)adjectiveto-infinitiveYoucanuseato-infinitiveclauseafteranoungrouptoindicatetheaimorpurposeofsomething.Youcanalsouseato-infinitiveclauseafteranoungroupthatincludesanordinalnumber,asuperlative,orawordlikenext,last,oronly.Ithinkthebestwaytotravelbyisonfoot.Sheisalwaysthelastpersontospeakatthemeeting.grammaticalpointTheto-infinitiveclauseshouldbeputafterthenoungroupitmodifies.,12,gigglev.n.giggleatsb./sth.Stopgiggling,children;thisisaseriousmatter.Therewasagigglefromthebackoftheclass.wigglev.Stopwigglingandsitstill.Thebabywaswigglingitstoes.maten.(inBrE.referstomale)Heisanoldmateofmine.Whereareyouoffto,mate?-mate:companionroommateflat-mateclassmateteammateplaymate,13,hitHesahitwitheveryone.Hernewfilmisquiteahit.swapv.n.Yourbooklooksmoreinterestingthanmine;doyouwanttoswapwithme?AsyoulikemydressandIlikeyours,shallwedoaswap?apartfromexceptapartadv.Thetwohousesstood500metersapart.Apartfromhisnose.hesquitegood-looking.,14,Proverb,Arollingstonegathersnomoss滚石不生苔Somebodyofthistypeisfreeofresponsibilities,familyties,etc.andhadnowealth.(喻人既无责任，无家室，又无钱财）,15,Whydopeoplechangejobs?Possiblereasons:ForbetterjobsatisfactionForamoresecurepositionForahighersalaryForbettercareerdevelopmentprospectsHavingbeenfiredUnabletogetalongwithformerco-workersTomakeabetterlivingTobeclosertohomeTobeclosertofriends,16,Pre-readingtasks,Whichjobsarethoughtofasmoresuitableformenandwhich,moresuitableforwomen?Why?Pilotfashion-designerchefBaby-sittercompanymanagerSecretarynurse,17,TextWhatisinaname?,18,MainIdea,Inpeoplesmind,somejobsareopenonlytowomenwhilesomeareopentomen.IsentoffanapplicationforajobwithabbreviatednameChrisNeale.Isuccessfullygotachancetohaveaninterview,buteverybodystaredatmeinsurprisewhenIwasthere.Istartedtofeelnervousbecausesomethingmusthavebeenwrong.FinallyIcametorealizethatitwasmynamethathadgivenpeopleawrongimpressionandtheyweresurprisedthatamanshouldhavecometoapplyforawomansjob.Itmademeveryembarrassed.,19,Para1seem:v.tolooklikeSeemisusuallyfollowedbyanadjective,anoungroup,to-infinitivesoraclause.Itseemedveryunusual.Sheseemedtobeaveryniceperson.Itseemedtomethatshewasfartooromantic.,20,Para21.takeaseatTheytooktheirseatsatthesmallroundtable.take/have+n.referstoanactionthatsomeoneperforms.takealookat/takeabreaktakeabath/takeavacationtakeawalk/takeashortcuttakeaction/takeatrip(to)takeabettakeachancetakeadeepbreathtakeasteptakeaninterestinpoint:vi.showthepositionordirectiontovt.aimordirect(at,towards)Thehandsoftheclockpointedtohalf-pastone.Shewaspointingherfingersatme.pointoutpointtopointuppointatsb.,21,2aboutadv.ofdegree;tovariousplaces;invariousdirectionsAbouttenoclockthetelephonerangagain.HewasaboutthesameageasPhilip.Richardplaysaboutinschoolinsteadofworking.asif:asthoughIrememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.Andfancyyoujustsittingthereasifnothinghadhappened.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.3look:n.give/havealookatthrowanangrylookatshootapuzzledlookatstealalookattakeacloselookatcomeacross:tohappentoIcameacrossthisoldbookinanoldbookstore.Hecamesuddenlyacrossanidea.,22,Para31getbackWhenTomgetsback,pleasetellhimthatJillphoned.IfyoutakeMaryoutforadriveyoumustpromisetogetherbackbefore9oclock.Hehasgotbackthelandhisfamilylost.2.Whathadsurprisedmeisusedasasubject.thefactthat.isapredicativeclause.applicationn.Themanagerreceivedtwentyapplicationsforthepost.Applicationmustbesentinby31stJuly.fillout/inFillingout/inalltheseformsissuchabore.Imafraidyourapplicationformisincorrectlyfilledin/out.,23,3.canthelpdoingShecouldnthelpcrying.WhenIreadthisletter,Icouldnthelpthinkingofmyparents.short:adj.shortforIneed1butIm5Pshort:Iveonlygot95P.Theusualwordpubisshortforpublichouse.ashortcuthaveashortmemoryinshortbeshortof4beopentoThisbookisopentocriticism.Theopenairkeepanopenmindeventhough/ifEventhoughIhaveopposedhim,Irespecthim.Theywillstandbyyoueventhoughyouhavefailed.,24,Para4haveon:towearWhenheleft,hehadonadarkshirt.Hewenttobeddrunk,andwhenhewokeuphefoundthathestillhadhisshoeson.,25,Para5interviewn.meetingwithsb.fordiscussionorconference.vt.tohaveanmeetingwithDontbelateforyourinterview,oryouwontgetthejob.Herefusedtogiveanyinterviewtojournalists.Thenewspaperreportersinterviewedtheminister.Heinterviewedalltheapplicantsonebyone.,26,Para6ChrisNeale?Iaskedhesitantly.hesitantly:adv.uncertainlyhesitate:v.toshowsignsofuncertaintyorunwillingnessinspeechoraction,27,Para7letoutHeletoutascream.Someonehasletoutthenews.Theyletouthorsesbytheday.idiomsletbeletdownletbygonesbebygonesletsleepingdogslieletthecatoutofthebagembarrass:vt.tocauseperplexity,mentaldiscomfort,oranxietyto;tohinderthemovementofembarrassed:adj.embarrassment:n.Teachersshouldalwaysavoidembarrassingstudents.Wearingaheavycoatembarrassedhismovements.Shesmiledwithembarrassment.,28,Sentencesinthetext1.Theygivemeastrangelook,asifIshouldnthavebeenthereatall.(Para2)2.Whathadsurprisedmewasthefact(Para3)3.IcouldnthelpwonderingiftheyrealizedIwasaman.(Para4),29,1.asif+clauseasif(asthough)Youcanuseasiforasthoughatthebeginningofaclausetomeansomethingthatappearstobetruealthoughitisnot.grammaticalpointsasiforasthoughcanintroduceasubjunctiveclause.1)WeuseV+ed,orwereinsteadofwastorefertoasituationthatisnottrueordoesnotexistatpresent.Mymotherlooksaftertheorphanasifhewereherownchild.2)Weusewould+Vtorefertoasituationthatisunlikelyinthefuture.Mrs.Harpersobbedasifherheartwouldbreak.3)Inasifclause,iftheverbislook,seem,sound,taste,smell,weusedeclarativeinsteadofsubjunctive.Itlooks(orseems)asif(asthough)astormwillsooncome.,30,2.whatWhat:usedtointroduceasubjectiveclauseInthestructurewhatisusedatthebeginningofaspecialkindofrelativeclauseandfunctionslikeanoungroup.Itservesasthesubject.Whatmeansthething(s)that(which)Whatshesawgaveheralittlefright.Whathesaidisgroundless.grammaticalpointsYoudontusewhatindefiningornon-definingrelativeclauses.Youdontsay,forexample,Thebookwhatyoulentmeisverygood.Youusewhichorthatinstead.,31,3.ifIfisusedtointroduceanobjectiveclause,meaningwhether.Iaskedherifshehadanyroomtolet.Illgoroundtonightandseeifhewantsanything.,32,SynonymComparison,1.appointmentdateinterviewYouuseappointmenttomeanthatyouhavearrangedtoseesomeoneataparticulartime,usuallyinconnectionwithhisorherwork,e.g.anappointmentwithonesdoctor/client.Adateisanappointmenttomeetsomeoneorgooutwithapersonwithwhomyouarehavingormaysoonhavearomanticrelationship,suchastheblinddateisanarrangementbyathirdpersonforamaleandfemaletogettoknoweachother,soastohavearomanticrelationship.Aninterviewisaformalmeetingatwhichsomeoneisaskedquestionsinordertofindoutifthepersonissuitableforajob.Interviewmayalsomeanaconversationinwhichajournalistputsquestionstosomeonesuchasapoliticianorfamousperson.,33,2.jobworktaskAjobistheworkthatsomeonedoestoearnmoney.Itisacountablenoun,e.g.adecentjob.Yourworkconsistsofthethingsyouarepaidorrequiredtodoinyourjob.Itsanuncountablenoun,e.g.apieceofwork.Workcanbeacountablenounwhenitmeanssomethingsuchaspainting,abook,orapieceofmusicproducedbyanartist,writer,orcomposer,e.g.Shakespearesworks.Worksisafactorywheresth.ismanufactured.Taskisanactivityorapieceofworkthatyouhavetodo.Ifyoufindithardandunpleasingyoumaycallitatask.Itisacountablenoun.,34,3.businesscareercraftoccupationprofessionAbusinessisanactivitythatyoudoaspartofyourjob,notforpleasure.Itreferstoaparticularareaofworkinwhichtheaimistomakeaprofit.Acareerisajoborprofessionyoufollowforyourwholelife,e.g.onespoliticalcareer.Acraftisajobinvolvesdoingsth.skillfullywithoneshands,alsocalledhandcraftsuchasgoldsmith.Anoccupationissth.youdoaspartofyourdailylife.Itsyourjob,butmoreformalthanjob.Aprofessionisajobwhichneedsspecialtrainingandahighlevelofeducation,suchasadoctororalawyer.,35,panycorporationfirmThesethreewordscanbeusedtorefertoabusinessorganization.Acompanyisabusinessorganizationthatmakesmoneybysellinggoodsorservices.Weusecorporationtorefertoajoint-stockcompany.Wealsouseittorefertoalargecompany.Afirmisanorganizationwhichsellsorproducessomethingorprovidesaservice.Itmaybeashoporafactory.Wecanusecompanyorcorporationtonameanorganization,butwecantusefirmtodothat.,36,5.surpriseastonishamazeastoundWeusesurprisetomeanthefeelingyouhavewhensomethingunexpectedhappens.Astonishmeanssomethingunbelievablehappenssuddenlythatmakesyouverysurprised.Amazemeansbeverysurprisedwithpleasure,wonder,andapproval.Astoundmeansbeshockedandamazedbysth.thatcouldexistorhappen.1）Iwassurprisedatfindingyouhere.2）Iwasastonishedtoseehersowanandold.3）Theteacherwasamazedtofindthattheunder-achieverhadgotafullmarkintheexam.4）Wewereastoundedatthenewsofhisdeath.,37,Strangethingsalways_tous.Thismorning,Iwenttothe_companyforajobinterview.AsIwasearly,the_askedmetowaitfo