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listening unit2sailingtheoceans usinglanguage listentothetext navigationalsecretswangming wm hascometothemaritimemuseumingreenwichtotalktothenavalhistoriandrsmith ds listenagainandfillintheblanks wm thankyousomuchfor tome pleasecanyoutellmehowsailors beforenavigationalinstrumentsorsatelliteswere ds ofcourse atfirstiftherewasnoland theseamenusedtheskytofindtheirway theylooked talking managed invented nearby atthecloudsinthedaytimeandthestarsatnight butverysoontheybeganto localmaps about5 000yearsagosailorsfromphoeniciainnorthafricausedsimplemapsto theirshipsaroundthemediterraneansea theywerethe tradersoftheirday develop guide best wm really dideverybodyusesimplemaps ds no i mafraidnot itwasdifficulttohaveamapforsailing openseathen weknowthevikingsfromnorwayhadno mapswhentheysailedacrossthenorthsea howclever across written wm thevikings didn ttheysailaroundand peopleandtownsfromtheirships ds sometimes butwe renot that onlyintheirsuperiorsailingability wm isee sowhatdidtheydo ds well oneofthethingstheydidwas watching attack interestedin concentrateon birds there sthestoryofavikingcalledraven floki heusedtokeepbirdsonhisshipsbuthedidn t them thenwhenhethoughtlandwasnearhe dletthebirdsgoandiftheyflewstraighttoland allhehadtodowasto them feed follow wm didhefindanynewlandsto ds well hedidfindagoodwayofsailingfromthefaroeislandstoiceland hisravens it ssaidthathetookthreebirdsonhisshipwithhim whenhe dbeen adayortwotowardsicelandheletthefirstbirdgo liveon using sailingfor it backtothefaroeislands adayafterthisheletthesecondbirdgo thisflewoutofsightbut torestontheship sometimeafterthat heletthethirdbirdgo it straightforicelandsoraven flokifolloweditandarrivedthere flew cameback headed safely wm that clever i veheardtooaboutthepolynesiansinthepacificocean theydidsome withoutanynavigationalinstrumentstohelpthematall howdidtheydothat ds nobody sreallyquite sounds amazingvoyages sure but theystudiedthe inthewater thecolouroftheseaandthedifferentkindsofwaves wm dopolynesiansailorsstilldothat ds notnowadaysi mafraid wm havewe thisskill itseemsthat currents lost ds yes i m wehave ancientpolynesiansmademapsofleavesandshellswhichotherswereabletofollow ifonlywecouldreadthemwewould understandmoreoftheirnavigationalskills thesailorsfromphoenicia norwayandpolynesiacouldcertainly usalot afraid beableto teach workbook listening listentothetext whowaszhenghe lihuaying lh celiamain cm listenagainandfillintheblanks lh themost chinesenavigatorwaszhenghe he 1371to1433andmadeseven aroundthesouthchinasea acrosstoindiaandeven theeasterncoastofafrica itwasthe600thanniversaryofthesevoyagesin2005 famous livedfrom voyages asfaras cm arethereotherfamouschinesenavigatorsorishetheonlyone lh heistheonlyonewe vegot for cm sotheremayhavebeenothers lh wedon tknow that sbecausealater mayhavedestroyedalotofevidenceofothervoyages cm isee wheredidzhenghego evidence emperor lh thedocuments usthathewasborninyunnan he apillartorecordhis itstatesthathemadesevenvoyagesandvisited thirtycountries hesaidthattheemperor himtoshowthestrengthofchinese and foreignersfrombeyondtheseas sohewenttounknownplacesand trade tell built achievements morethan ordered power meet setup cm tellmeabouthisvoyages lh well onhisfirstvoyagehevisitedcalicutinindia thepeopletherewerevery andalittle whentheysawsomanylargeships sotheruler decidedtomakefriendswiththesestrangers hegavezhenghemanyscarvesmadeofgoldanddecoratedwithjewels thenhe himandhismenwithmusicandsongs impressed frightened wisely entertained cm didhegotootherplaces lh yes onothervoyageshevisitedchampa andsumatranearchina hormuz andadeninthepersiangulfandmogadishuinafrica zhenghe diplomaticrelationswiththemandgavethem cm whatdidchinese asgifts opened presents offer lh zhenghefoundthatforeignkingsparticularly chineseporcelainandsilk sothat swhyhisships thosethings cm isee isthatwhytheysayhisshipsweresolarge lh yes isupposeso whenhe indiahebroughtagiraffefortheemperorasapresent sohisshipsmusthavebeenlarge admired werefilledwith returnedfrom cm somewriterssaythattheshipscouldcarryasmanyas people lh andotherwriterssayzhenghewaseightfeettall weshouldn tbelieveeverythingwriterstellus theywantedtoshow 20 000 altogether obviously howimportantzhenghewas theshipswerelarge butperhapsnotthatlarge cm isee that well thankyoufortellingmeaboutzhenghe hesoundsa man undoubtedly makessense fascinating listentothetext workbook listeningtask sindbad sfirstadventure listenagainandfillintheblanks oncethere arichmerchant sindbad oneeveningastheywereeatingdinner hisfriendsaskedhimhowhehadbecomesorich sindbad listen hesaid andi lltellyoumy thisisthefirstone lived called smiled adventures myfatherwasrichbutispenthismoney andwassoon withnothing atlastidecidedto inforeignlands soiboughtsomegoodsand wesailedmanydaysfromislandtoisland isoldgoodsandboughtothers then atlastwecametoabeautifulislandanddecidedto it unwisely left trade setout visit thepassengersbegantomakeafiretocookdinner weateanddrankhappily theniwentto theisland ihadnotgonefarwheniheardthecaptaincallingusbacktotheship comequickly thisisn tanislandbuta whale ithasbeenfloatingso ontheseathatsandhas onitsbackandtreeshavegrownthere thefire itupandsoonitwillsinkunderthewavesandyou lldrown explore giant long settled woke everyone theshipleavingeverythingbehind somereacheditsafelybutnotall suddenlytheislandshook ourfeetandsankunderthewater iwasthrownintothesea buti tograbapieceofwood thecaptain leavingmealone ithoughtiwoulddie rushedto beneath managed meanwhile setsail idriftedonthesea icametoanotherisland iwassafe butmytroublesweren t foriwassuddenly byfivemen theydraggedmeintobushesandheldmethere theni thatnearbywasahorsetiedtoatree wewaiteduntilitgrewdark thenoutoftheseacamesomeenormousseahorses they therealhorsecautiouslywhilethemen

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