浙江省台州市天台县平桥第二中学高中英语 直接引语和间接引语课件 新人教版必修2.ppt

直接引语和间接引语 directandindirectspeech theshoesaretoobigforme whatdidhesay hesaidtheshoesweretoobigforhim 基本概念 直接引述别人的原话 通常都用引号 括起来 用自己的话把别人的话转述出来 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句 直接引语 间接引语 presentation boysactonecartoonfigureandsayssomething teacherasks whatdidhe shesay girlsacttheothercartoonfigureandanswertheteacher squestion thenboysandgirlsexchange shesaidshehadbeentomanycountries shesaidshewouldcallonyouthenextday iamgoodatdancing ihavebeentomanycountries iwillcallonyoutomorrow ivisitedthegreatwallyesterday shesaidthatshehadvisitedthegreatwallthedaybefore shesaidthatshewasgoodatdancing 结论一 直接引语是陈述句 变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句 从句中的人称 时态 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语等相应变化 解题步骤 1 陈述句 idon tlikecomputers sarahsaidtoherfriends sarahsaidtoherfriends that said didn t she sarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn tlikecomputers sarah doyoulikeflowers sheaskedwhether ifilikedflowers whereareyougoingforyourholiday sheaskedwhereiwasgoingformyholiday 结论二 直接引语是疑问句 变间接引语时 要从疑问语序变为陈述语序 直接引语是一般疑问句 变为间接引语时 用连词if或whether连接 直接引语是特殊疑问句 变为间接引语时 仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导 2 一般疑问句 isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil theyaskedhim theyaskedhim if itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil asked is was theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil 3 特殊疑问句 whydoyoufallasleepinclass theyaskedhim theyaskedhim why youfallasleepinclass youfallasleepinclass he fell theyaskedhimwhyhefellasleepinclass heordered toldmetobequiet bequiet heordered toldmenottomakenoise don tmakenoise followme please heaskedmetofollowhim 结论三 直接引语是祈使句 变成间接引语 把动词原形变成动词不定式 否定句 在动词不定式前加not或never 并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell ask order beg advise等动词 1 人称的变化 一随主 二随宾 三不变 引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变 shesaid iliketennis shesaidthatshelikedtennis hesaidtolily youmustgetupearly hetoldlilythatshemustgetupearly shesaidtome theywanttohelphim shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 theteachersaid thesunisbiggerthantheearth theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth 特殊 直接引语若是客观真理 变为间接引语时 时态不变 2 时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语 方向性动词 this that these those now then today thatday thisweek thatweek yesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore fourdaysago fourdaysbefore thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore tomorrow thenextday nextmonth thenextmonth here there come go bring take 其他特殊变化 3 注意事项 1 人称2 时态3 相应的时间地点状语4 标点符号5 大小写6 问号改为句号7 语序 疑问改陈述8 宾语从句由什么引出9 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述 roleplay groupwork threestudentsagroup onesayssomething pleasetrytousethewordsandexpressionslearnedinthisunit oneasks thethirdtoldthereststudentswhattheysaidinindirectspeech theteachersaid don tbelate mary theteachertold a marynottobelateb marytobenotlatec maryarenotlated nottobelate2 heaskedher whereareyougoing heaskedher a wheresheweregoingb whereshewasgoingtoc whereshewasgoingd wheresheisgoing 巩固提高 3 theladysaid ishallgothereontime theladysaidthat a shewouldcomethereontimeb shewouldcomehereontimec shewouldgothereontimed hewouldgothereontime4 hesaidtome iwrotetomyfatheryesterday hetoldmehehadwrittentohisfather a theyesterdayb beforetodayc thedaybefored thenextday 5 theteacherasked areyouwaitingforthebus theteacherasked forthebus a ifiwaswaitingb wasiwaitingc youarewaitingd iwaswaiting6 theprofessorsaidthatlight fasterthansound a travelsb traveledc traveld traveled7 mymotheraskedmetoshowmyhomeworktoher mymothersaidtome show homework a hermyb meyourc heryourd mehis 4 whywereyoulateagain theteachersaidtome theteacheraskedmewhyiwaslateagain 实战演练 1 hesaid imafraidican tfinishthiswork 2 hesaid ihaven theardfromhimsincemay 3 tomsaid iwillseeyounextweek hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn tfinishthatwork hesaidthathehadn theardfromhimsincemay tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek sarahsaidshedidn tlikeswimming 5 idon tlikeswimming saidsarah revision grammar directandindirectspeech 1 转述他人的陈述 陈述句 sheaskedmewhatiwasdoing 1 hesaid i mgoingtobeijing hesaidthathewasgoingtobeijing 2 heasked areyouateacher heaskedmeif whetheriwasadoctor 3 shesaid whatareyoudoing 2 转述他人的疑问 一般疑问句 3 转述他人的问题 特殊疑问句 直接引语变成间接引语 句子结构的变化 hesaid ihavebeentothegreatwall hesaidtousthathehadbeentothegreatwall hesaid i llgiveyouanexaminationnextmonday hetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextmonday 陈述句用连词that引导 that在口语中常省略 主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said 也可用told来代替 注意 可以说saidthat saidtosb that toldsb that 不可直接说toldthat 一般疑问句 hesaid doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation heasked me whether ifihadanydifficultywithmypronunciation hesaid youareinterestedinenglish aren tyou heaskedwhetheriwasinterestedinenglish 间接引语用连词whether或if引导 原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked me him us等 语序是陈述句的语序 特殊疑问句 hesaidtome what syourname heaskedmewhatmynamewas heaskedus howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词 主句的谓语动词用ask sb 来表达 语序改为陈述句语序 选择疑问句 heasked doyouspeakenglishorfrench heaskedmewhetherispokeenglishorfrench iasked willyoutakebusortaketrain iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakebusortaketrain 用whether or 表达 而不用if or 也不用either or 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语 方向性动词 this that these those now then today thatday thisweek thatweek yesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore fourdaysago fourdaysbefore thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore tomorrow thenextday nextmonth thenextmonth here there come go bring take 5 注意地点的变化 在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化 1 注意时态的变化 2 注意人称变化 3 注意指示代词的变化 4 注意时间的变化 6 注意个别趋向动词的变化 whenyouchangeasentencefromdirectspeechtoindirectspeech yousometimesneedtochangetheverbtense youmayalsoneedtochangepronouns timeinordertokeepthesamemeaning directindirectpresentpastpastpastandpastperfectpresentperfectpastperfectpastperfectpastperfect thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest 谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点 1 直接引语表述的是客观真理 变为间接引语时 时态不变 thegeographyteachersaid thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest shesaysthatshe llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry 2 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效 变间接引语时 时态可不变 thechildrensaid welovethisgame theytoldusthattheylovethatgame 3 主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态 在引述时 时态不变 shesays i llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry 1 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候2 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时3 当直接