新编跨文化交际【warm up】 原文及翻译.doc

1、【communication across cultures】Chapter One Conceptual Foundation【跨文化沟通】第一章概念的基础Why study intercultural communication?为什么学习跨文化交际?There is a folk tale that comes to us from the foothills of the Himalayas. A man was trying to explain to a blind friend what colors are. He began with the color White.有一个民间的故事,来自于喜马拉雅山的山麓。一名男子试图解释一个盲人朋友的颜色是什么。他开始与雪白的颜色。“Well,” he said, “it is like snow on the hills.”“嗯,”他说,“这就像雪在山上。”“Oh,” the blind man said, “then it must be a wet and dampish sort of color, isnt it? ” “No, no,” the man said, “it is also the same color as cotton or wool. ” “Oh yes, I understand. It must be fluffy color. ” “No, it is also like paper.”“哦,”盲人说,“那一定是湿,微湿的颜色,不是吗?”“不,不,”那人说,“这也是相同的颜色,棉或羊毛。”“哦,是的,我明白了。一定是毛茸茸的颜色。”“不,它也像纸。”“Then it must be a crackling or fragile color,” said the blind man. “No, not at all. It is also like china.”“那一定是脆皮或脆弱的颜色,”瞎子说。“不,不是。也喜欢中国。”2 讲【culture and communication讲文化和沟通An American university student Tom is active in a foreign student club at his university and has several good friends from different countries. One of them tells Tom his parents and sister will be visiting, and he asks Tom if he would like to meet them. Tom invites all of them to visit his home one afternoon.They arrive and present him with a nicely wrapped gift. Tom tells them they shouldnt have brought anything, but thanks them and proceeds to open the gift, which turns out be very pretty vase from their country. He thanks them again. He sense some awkwardness and realizes that he has not offered them anything to drink.“Would you like coffee or tea or a soft drink?”he asks. They all refuse. Things seem more awkward now. But he talks a little of their country, about studies at the university, about the cost of living, and everything the father whispers something to his son.“I think we must be leaving to return to the hotel,”he says. Everybody stands up, shake hands, and they start to leave. “Please come and visit again,”Tom says as he stands and watches the family walk to the door, open it and disappear down the hall. Two days later, in a very indirect way, Tom learns from another friend that the visitors thought he was a rude host一个美国大学的学生汤姆是活跃在他大学的外国学生俱乐部,有几个来自不同国家的好朋友。其中一人告诉汤姆他的父母和妹妹将访问,他问汤姆是否想见到他们。汤姆邀请他们参观他的家的一个下午。他们到达,给他一个包装精美的礼物。汤姆告诉他们他们不带来任何东西,但由于他们,继续打开礼物,这证明是非常漂亮的花瓶从他们的国家。他再次感谢他们。他感觉有些尴尬,意识到他没有给他们任何东西喝。“你想要咖啡还是茶还是饮料?”他问道。他们都拒绝。事情似乎更尴尬的了。但他的小国家,谈论研究大学,生活费用,父亲低声说些儿子的一切。“我认为我们必须离开回到酒店,”他说。每个人都站起来,握手,他们开始离开。“请再来拜访,”汤姆说,他站和手表家庭走到门口,打开它,消失在大厅。两天后,汤姆非常间接的方式,可以从另一个朋友,游客认为他是一个粗鲁的主机3讲【cultural diversity 】【文化多样性】Mr. Zhao and Mr. Qian have been on good terms with each other, though Mr. Zhao lives in China while Mr. Qian became an overseas Chinese working in the United States. The two both have children about the same age. Mr. Qian has two brothers who live in the U.S. and manage their family businesses. And both Mr. Zhao and Mr. Qian have business that seems fairly prosperous. In recent times, however, Mr. Qian is bogged down with some difficulties, and in fact, his business is almost on the rocks. But, he has an opportunity to invest in a very promising venture but at the moment does not have enough cash. He realizes that this venture will be able to help him nurse his business back, and that his two brothers do not have the large sum he needs. He weighed the situation carefully and then telephoned Mr. Zhao for help. Mr. Zhao gladly lent him the money, and the venture did turn out very profitably for Mr. Qian, who was then able to repay Mr. Zhao with the interest immediately. Later that year, when Mr. Zhaos daughter was applying for a course in the United States, he called Mr. Qian to help to get his daughter into the college by using his connections. Mr. Qian acquiesced and secured a place for Mr. Zhao daughter. A year later, Mr. Zhaos nephew was going to the States. He asked Mr. Qian if his brothers could help him and give him a job when he got there. Again, Mr. Qian complied without hesitation. But when this was known by one of Mr. Qians American friends, Jackson, he didnt seem to be able to understand all the assistance Mr. Qian had given to Mr. Zhao, though Mr. Qian had told him a lot about the relation between them. Jackson said that Mr. Zhao was asking too much赵亮和钱先生一直关系不错,但赵先生生活在中国而钱先生成为海外华人在美国工作。都有两个孩子的年龄相同。钱先生有两个兄弟,他们住在美国和管理他们的家族企业。赵亮和钱先生有业务,似乎相当繁荣。然而,近年来,钱云会被一些困难,事实上,他的生意几乎是在岩石上。但是,他有机会投资于一个非常有前途的公司,但目前没有足够的现金。他意识到这种风险将能够帮助他护士业务回来,和他的两个兄弟没有他需要的大笔。他仔细权衡形势,然后给赵先生打电话寻求帮助。赵先生很乐意借给他钱,风险确实被证明非常有利可图钱先生,当时能够立即偿还赵先生与兴趣。同年晚些时候,赵亮的女儿是在美国申请课程,他打电话给钱先生,帮助他的女儿进入大学通过使用他的连接。钱先生默许了,获得了赵先生的女儿。一年后,赵亮的侄子去美国。他问钱先生兄弟可以帮助他,给他一个工作当他到达那里。再次,钱先生毫不犹豫地履行。但当这是被钱先生的一个美国朋友,杰克逊,他似乎并不能够理解所有的援助钱先生给赵亮,尽管钱先生曾告诉他很多关于它们之间的关系。杰克逊说,赵先生是要求得太多了5讲【culture and verbal communication】【文化和语言交流】In an attempt to locate an outlet for its products in Europe，a large US manufacturer sent one of its promising young executives to Frankfurt to make a presentation to a reputable German distributor . The US company had considerable confidence in the choice of this particular junior executive because the man not only spoke fluent German but also knew a good deal of German culture . When the American entered the conference room where he would making his presentation ,he did all the right things . he shook hands firmly , greeted everyone with a friendly “hello” ,and bowed his head slightly as is customary in Germany . Drawing on his experience as a past president of the Toastmasters Club in his hometown,the US executive started his presentation with a few humorous anecdotes to set a relaxed mood . at the end of his presentation, however ,he sensed that his talk had not gone well . in fact ,the presentation was not well received ,for the German company chose not to distribute the US companys products为了找到一个出口为其产品在欧洲,美国大型制造商发送它的一个有前途的年轻高管法兰克福表示一个有名望的德国经销商。这家美国公司有相当大的信心的选择这个特殊的初级主管,因为人不仅能说流利的德语,也知道德国文化的一笔好交易。当美国进入会议室,他会让他的演讲,他做的事都是正确的。他坚定地握了握手,向每个人都友好的“你好”,在德国,微微低下了头,是司空见惯的。借鉴他的经验作为一个过去面包大师俱乐部的主席在他的家乡,美国执行开始和一些幽默轶事演讲设定一个放松的心情。然而,演讲结束时,他意识到他的谈话没有顺利。事实上,表示并没有得到观众的青睐,德国公司选择不将我们公司的产品6讲【culture and nonverbal communication】【文化和非语言沟通】at last after four years of college you are about to have your first job interview . you know the importance of making a good impression ,so you pay particular attention to your appearance . after a shower you look in the mirror and decide to trim your beard. However , as you reflect further you conclude that the beard must go . at the same time you mutter something about the fact that people will do anything for a job . now the after-shave lotion is splashed on so that you will smell as good as you look . Then you select a freshly ironed shirt ,one that matches the new suit and tie . putting on the shined shoes and taking the new briefcase ,you now are ready to present yourself. At precisely eight-fifteen you knock lightly, yet decisively ,on the door marked vice president of personnel. From inside a voice responds “please come in” you enter . behind a large oak desk sits the vice president a middle-aged