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12安顺市第一高级中学高一英语导学案必修三 【背景阅读材料】AA SANDSTORM struck Beijing yesterday, covering homes, streets and cars in brown dust and leaving the skies a murky yellow as the city suffered its worst pollution in years ahead of the 2008 Summer Olympics. The sandstorm originated(起源) on the border of China and Mongolia and started affecting Beijing on Sunday night. “Unlike the particulate(微粒的) matter that often exists in Beijings air, the suspending granules hitting the city today are bigger, though still less than 100 microns in diameter,” said Wang Xiaoming, an official with the municipal environmental protection bureau(局). “Thats why we feel sand is raining down.” The particulate matter that often hovers over Beijing is mostly less than 10 microns in diameter, he added. The Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau warned the sandstorm could be harmful. “Sandstorms can affect the human body, especially the respiratory(呼吸的) system,” an official with the bureau said. Hospitals have dealt with a sharp increase in patients with respiratory diseases, and news -papers warned people to wear masks outdoors. Sandstorms could easily occur at places with little rainfall, scarce vegetation and frequent gales, said Qiao Lin, an expert with the China Meteorological Administration. Northern China experiences sandstorms almost every spring. The situation is worsened by higher temperatures this spring and the prolonged drought in northern China, Qiao said. China launched an afforestation（造林）project in 2000 in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is regarded as the source of sandstorm. The project, however, has not been able to control the desertification.BNW China sandstorm shuts airports, schoolsBEIJING - A sandstorm hit regions of northwest China Thursday, delaying flights, stranding thousands of passengers and forcing schools to suspend(暂停) classes. Parts of five provincial regions were affected, including Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the provinces of Gansu and Shaanxi, the National Meteorological Center said. The sandstorm hit the Gansu provincial capital of Lanzhou in the morning and reduced visibility(能见度)y to less than 500 meters, said Xu Dongbei, chief forecaster of the citys observatory. Further west in Dunhuang, a tourist destination famous for Buddhist grottoes, the sandstorm lasted about 16 hours starting at 2:30 a.m. Maximum wind speeds reached 24.3 meters per second and visibility fell to 20 m. In terms of intensity and duration, such a sandstorm was rarely seen over the past decade(十年), said Li Guanglin, chief forecaster of the citys observatory. The sandstorm delayed two flights and forced many schools to suspend classes, local officials said. Agriculture might suffer serious damage from the sandstorm. I saw the strong wind swept away many greenhouse roofs, cotton seedlings and young grapes on the vine. Some trees and electrical poles were broken, said Gao Hua, of the Dunhuang Municipal Forestry Bureau. The local government is calculating the losses. In Yinchuan, capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, people on the street were seen covering their mouths and noses tightly. Some wore a plastic box on their heads to keep out sand. At Hedong Airport, 12 flights were delayed. Local meteorological(气象的) experts advised citizens to stay indoors as much as possible, especially the elderly and children. They also warned people not to stand under billboards or trees. Similar conditions prevailed in other provinces. At Baita Airport in Hohhot, capital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 29 flights were delayed and three others were cancelled(取消) due to poor visibility and strong wind, stranding thousands of passengers, officials said. Meteorological authorities in these provincial regions have forecast a temperature drop of up to 8 degrees Celsius and even frost after the sandstorm. Sandstorm conditions would persist until Friday, the National Meteorological Center said late Thursday. Module4- Sandstorms in Asia No 1 主备教师：林静 冷玲莉 审核人：英语组全组教师 【课 题】Sandstorms in Asia 【课 型】Word Study 【学习目标】Pronunciations and spellings of the new words 【重点难点】Usages of some important words.Some important words and phrases. 学习内容及过程预习导航 重点词汇1. 沙尘暴 sandstorm 2. 吓人的，可怕的frightening3. 大量的mass 4. 活动，战役campaign5. 进程，过程process 6. 市民，公民citizen7. 预报，预告forecast 8. 力量，力strength9. 化学物品chemical 10. 环境 environment11. 垃圾，废料garbage 12. 重新利用recycle13. 绝对地，完全地absolutely 14. 根据，证明evidence15. 关心的，担心的concerned 16. 主要的major17. 紧急的urgent 18. 污染 pollute/pollution (vt/ n)19. 抱怨，发牢骚complain 20. 简单的一句话 in a nutshell重点短语1. 切断 cut off 2. 被困在中be caught in 3. 如果可能的话 if possible 4.对有坏影响 have a bad effect on 5. 简言之in a nutshell 6. 浏览，查看look through 7. 放出，发出 give out 8. 关心，担心 be concerned about9. 挖掘 dig up 10. 把拿走 take away【重点难点探究】重点单词1. frighten v.1. frightening adj.吓人的 frightened adj. 害怕的 frighten v.使.害怕 fright n.害怕 frightful adj.可怕的【拓展】die from fright 吓死 die of fright 吓死 get a fright 大吃一惊 have a fright 大吃一惊give sb. a fright 使某人受惊【即学即练】1）选词填空 He has had a frightening (frightened, frightening) face. The frightened (frightened; frightening) dog ran away from the fire. 2. forecast n,预测, 预报；v,预言, 预测, 预报, 预见, 预示【拓展】 forecast - forecast/ forecasted - forecast/ forecastedmake forecast about对进行预测【即学即练】完成句子：(1) The weatherman has forecasted that (预报) it will be fair tomorrow.（2）It is forecast/ forecasted that (预计) the economic growth in the Euro area will increase sharply. . 3. strength n,力气（力量）；体力，强项（长处）,实力, 兵力，强度【拓展】1) strong adj.强壮的；坚固的 strongly adv. 强壮地；坚固地 strengthen v. 加强；增强【即学即练】1. In order to work better in the future, each of us must first of all know our B and weaknesses.A. benefits B. strengths C. techniques D. values 4.concerned adj. 关心的，担心的，有关的【拓展】be concerned about 担心，关心as/so far as sb. be concerned就而言be concerned with 与有关concerning prep. 关于完成句子(1) I am concerned about my birthday party next week.（2）As far as Im concerned, air pollution is one problem that should be treated seriously.【课后反思】 【课后作业】 1) Revision 2) Learning guide 3 Module4- Sandstorms in Asia No 2 主备教师：林静 冷玲莉 审核人：英语组全组教师 【课 题】Sandstorms in Asia 【课 型】Reading 【学习目标】Retelling the text 【重点难点】Reading skills Revision 1. The city hall is planning to start a campaign (活动) against parking.2. The firm is now in the (过程) process of moving the main equipment to a new place.3. The recent statement of the president (预示着) forecast a change in the situation.4. I havent the (力量) strength to lift this stone.5. We were all involved in the exciting(气氛) atmosphere of the party.6.I am very (惦念，关心)concerned about my niece.7.One of the (主要的)major aims of the air raid was the complete destroy of all means of communications.8. I must post this letter; its (紧急的) urgent9. Its (绝对) absolutely impossible for me to work out the problem for you. 10. Keep in mind that it is no use(抱怨) complaining. So cheer up!11.Fish in the small river have died out as a result of (化学物) chemicals from nearby factories.I2.Is there any（证据）evidence that she did this on purpose?Topics for discussion 1. What natural disasters do you know?floods , fires , earthquake tornadoes.Natural disasters 2. Whats the cause of sandstorms?cutting down trees, desertification, air and water pollution, growing population, urbanization3. Whats the damage of sandstorms? bury the farmland, damage transportation , Make peoples eyes invisible, hurt peoples health4. When a sandstorm is on the way , what should we do? Wear a mask ,not to go out, plant trees, start a mass campaign 5. What should be done to prevent sandstorms?Plant more trees, prevent over-farming, raise peoples awareness of protectingClass activities1.Find the main idea of each paragraphPara.1 A. the features of sandstormsPara.2 B. the influences of sandstormsPara.3 C. the forecast and suggestions about sandstormsPara.4 D. the measures taken by the governmentPara.5 E . the cause of sandstormsPara.6 F. the major disaster in Asia- sandstormPara1:A para2:F para3: E para4: B para5: C para6:DRetell the text with the help of key words： desert areas，appear to，as a result of，because of，cutdown，dig up，terrible，experienced，frightening，dangerous，To be cycling，frightening，breathe，wake up，orange，cover thick，brown-yellow，moves very slowly，makes it difficultadvise not to，would better wear，tried many ways，solve，mass campaign，prevent coming，continueSuggested passage： Sandstorms begin in desert areas, and it appears to have increased as a result of Desertification, which happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass. Ren Jianbo described a terrible sandstorm he experienced: It was the most dangerous and frightening situation.” Huang Xiaomei said: To be cycling in a sandstorm is difficult. It is difficult to breathe in the wind. Citizens wake up to a an orange sky. And strong winds that cover the city in a thick brown-yellow dust. In that situation, traffic moves very slowly because the thick dusk makes it difficult to see. Weather experts advise people not to go out when a sandstorm arrives. If you want to go out, youd better wear a mask. Scientists have tried many ways to solve the problem and a mass campaign has been started. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees and continue to plan for the next 5 years.【课后反思】 Module4- Sandstorms in Asia No 3 主备教师：林静 冷玲莉 审核人：英语组全组教师【Topic】Grammar【Aim】To master important points of grammar and learn to use it【Key points】Infinitive Infinitive 时态主动被动一般式to do to be done 进行式to be doing/完成式to have done to have been donea)I hope to see you (再见到你).b)When Mom came in, he pretended to be reading (在看书). c)I am sorry to have put you so much trouble. (给你添诸多麻烦)./d)Toms cousin is said to have been married (结婚)for three times.e)The novel is reported to have been translated to several languages. (已被译成了好几种语言).【 归纳 】不定式的一般式指与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作。;不定式的进行式表示与谓语动词同时发生且正在进行的动作;不定式的完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作. 1. 【 考点 2 】不定式的否定形式为not to do: The policeman told the boys not to play in the street (不要在街上玩).It was dangerous.合作探究2. 【 考点 3】动词不定式的句法功能：1. 不定式起名词作用，在句中作主语或主补 ：【必背句式】1）用it 作形式主语，常用to do 作真正的主语: It is kind of you to help me (你真善解人意帮我) when I am in trouble. It is impossible for you to finish this task in advance.(提前完成这项任务). 2) 用于sb/ sth be said/ reported/ believed /to do 句式: It is said that he is an experienced teacher(据说他是有经验丰富的老师).2. 不定式起名词作用，在句中作宾语或宾补 ：【必背要点】1）常接不定式to do 作宾语的动词：afford, agree arrange ask attempt choose claim choose decide demand determine expect fail help hesitate hope learn manage offer plan prepare pretend promise prove refuse seem threaten undertake volunteer want wish 常接不定式to do 做宾补的动词:advise allow cause challenge encourage forbid force invite permit persuade remind request send tell urge2）掌握部分动词（remember/forget/try/regret/stop/mean）等 +to do与doing 的区别：3）用it 作形式宾语，常用to do 作真正的宾语: I find it my duty to help those in trouble.(帮助那些处于困境的人).3. 不定式起形容词作用，在句中作定语 ：【必背要点】1）不定式作定语相当于一个定语从句.The meeting to be held tomorrow (明天要开的)is of great importance.2）用于the first/ the last等序数词和the way/right/ chance,/opportunity/need等名词后：The captain is the last (one)to leave the ship (最后一个离开船的).You have no chance to do so. (你没有权利那么做).4. 不定式起形容词作用，在句中作表语 ：【必背句式】 1）What matters most is to save lives.（最重要的事是挽救生命）.2)用于 sth remain to be done/ sb (sth) is nowhere to be seen/ found 句式： The problem remains to be solve.(有待于解决).My dictionary is nowhere to be found. (哪儿也找不到).5. 不定式起副词作用，在句中作状语 ：【必背句式】1) 作目的状语，to do相当于in order to / so as to_（但_so as to不能放在句首） We turned off the lights to save electricity. (为了省电).2）作原因状语：常用于glad/excited/willing/surprised/disappointed 等形容词后: Im very excited to help you. (我非常高兴帮你).3）作结果状语：常用于only to do / never to do /tooto/so as to/enough to结构中： He hurried to the booking office only to be told all the tickets had been sold out.结果被告知票卖光了). He went abroad, never to come back. (结果再也没回来)。6. 不定式短语在句中作独立成分 ： 【必背句式】To tell you the truth/ to begin with,/ to be honest/ to be frank等：2. 【 考点 4】 不定式的主动表示被动含义的句式：【 导学】请观察下面的句子，并归纳：1. I have a lot of work to do today.2. There is a letter to write.3. The question is difficult to answer.3. 【 考点 5】省略不定式符号to 的情况：归纳总结【 导学】请观察下面的句子，并归纳：1. I often hear him sing the song. 2. Have Mr. Smith come in, please. 3. The homeless child cant help/cant choose but cry.4. Why not do the experiment in another way?5. Id rather die than give in.6. Youd better try a second time.4. 【 考点 6】不定式的省略：为了避免重复可省略不定式中的动词，但要保留不定式符号to:I wanted very much to go skating, but mother didnt allow me to. （不允许我去）.【 拓展】当不定式为一般式tobe或完成式tohavedone时,省略到be或 have -Areyoua teacher? -No,but I used to be. (我过去是). -Has hefinishedwritingthereport? -No,but he ought to have.1. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank to buy (买)presents for my Dad.2 His new book is said to have been translated （翻译）into several languages.3. I have a lot of readings to complete （完成）before the end of this term. 4. His first book to be published （出版）next month is based on a true story. 5. This is the only way we can imagine to reduce（减少） the overuse of water in students bathrooms. 6. In many peoples opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal with .（处理） 7. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one repaired （修建）first is the library. Module4- Sandstorms in Asia No 4 主备教师：林静 冷玲莉 审核人：英语组全组教师 【课题】Writing And Culture Corner 【课型】 Reading (新授课)【学习目标】1.Skills of writing 【重点难点】To master the words and expressions 2.Grasp the usages of some important sentences. 学习内容及过程1. Read the text fast, and then answer the following questions:1. How do European countries try to improve the environment? They put their garbage into different bags. The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycle. CFCs or burning too much coal are not allowed.2. Is all the garbage in Germany recycled? No, only if necessary.3. What is CFCs?CFCs are chemicals found in refrigerators and aerosol cans.4. Where did the Green movement begin? From Europe.5. What does the movement focus on? The environment.2. Work in pairs or groups. Fill in the blanks according to the text The Green Movement (P39).In (1) the 1970s the “Green” movement began and soon (2) spread all over Europe as people had known more about (3) environmental problems. The movement is making every effort to (4) protect/ improve the environment - draw (5) governments attention to it, focus on (6) the damage of it and give out the information to (7) newspapers. At present some European countries are (8) better than others at looking after the environment. Take (9) German for example. Germans put their (10) garbage into different bags. The garbage then is taken away and (11) recycled if necessary. Besides, they (12) are forbidden to burn too much coal by law. Guided writing如何写环保类作文环保类作文一般属于说明性质的文章，说明文是以简明的文字介绍事物的形状、性质、构造、变化、功用、特征等的文章。【写作要求】1、抓住事物的特征；2、说明事物的顺序要有一定的逻辑性。【经典范文】（10福建）假设你是李华，福建省某中学高中学生，今年暑假将前往澳大利亚参加主题为 “WATER FOR LIFE” 的交流活动。请你以参访代表的身份，根据以下图片提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。注意：1. 根据图片的内容适当展开，以使行文连贯；2. 开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数；3. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息；4. 词数：120左右参考词汇：短缺 shortage ; 资源 resourceOne possible version:Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning. Im Li Hua from Fujian, China. Its my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it. As we know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population. Therefore, its high time we did something about it. Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use. Secondly, new methods need to be developed to use the existing water resources, for example, turning