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一、第1章 软件工程概述1. Software deteriorates rather than wears out because(软件通常是变坏而不是磨损的原因是) A:Software suffers from exposure to hostile environments(软件暴露在不利的环境中) B:Defects are more likely to arise after software has been used often(软件错误更容易在使用后被发现) C:Multiple change requests introduce errors in component interactions(在组件交互中需求发生变化导致错误) D:Software spare parts become harder to order(软件的备用部分不易组织) 2. Today the increased power of the personal computer has brought about an abandonment of the practice of team development of software.(如今个人电脑性能的提升导致遗弃了采用小组开发软件的方式。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 3. Which question no longer concerns the modern software engineer?(现如今的软件工程师不再考虑以下哪个问题?) A:Why does computer hardware cost so much?(计算机硬件为什么如此昂贵?) B:Why does software take a long time to finish?(软件为什么开发时间很长?) C:Why does it cost so much to develop a piece of software?(开发一项软件的开销为什么这么大?) D:Why cannt software errors be removed from products prior to delivery? (软件错误为什么不能在产品发布之前被找出?) 4. In general software only succeeds if its behavior is consistent with the objectives of its designers.(通常意义上,只有表现得和设计目标一致的软件才是成功的软件。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 5. Change cannot be easily accommodated in most software systems, unless the system was designed with change in mind.(需求变化不适应于大多数的软件系统,除非软件在设计之初便考虑了变化因素。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 6. The functionality of most computer systems does not need to be enhanced the lifetime of the system.(大多数的软件系统的功能在它们的生命周期内不需要被增强。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 7. Most software continues to be custom built because(大多数软件产品是定制的原因是) A:Component reuse is common in the software world.(软件领域中组件复用很普遍) B:Reusable components are too expensive to use.(组件重用的代价太高) C:Software is easier to build without using someone elses components.(软件很容易被开发因而不需要使用其他的已有的组件 ) D:Off-the-shelf software components are unavailable in many application domains. (在很多的软件应用领域中没有现成可用的软件组件) 8. Most software development projects are initiated to try to meet some business need.(大多数的软件开发项目最初都是为了满足一些商业要求.) A:True(真) B:False (假) 9. Software is a product and can be manufactured using the same technologies used for other engineering artifacts.(软件是一个可以通过采用其他工程领域中的相同技术来构建的产品。) A:True(真) B:False(假) 10. The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information(软件应用的本质可以被特色化,通过他们信息的) A:complexity(复 杂度 ) B:content(内 容) C:determinacy(确 定性) D:both b and c (b、c都是) 11. Modern software applications are so complex that it is hard to develop mutually exclusive category names.( 当今软件应用非常复杂,以至于很难提出类别互斥的名字。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 12. The so called new economy that gripped commerce and finance during the 1990s died and no longer influences decisions made by businesses and software engineers.(90年代所谓的专注了商业和金融的“新经济”消亡了,并且不再影响商业和软件工程师们做出决策。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 1. What is Software?2. What is Software Engineering?3. What are the characteristics of software ?4. What are major causes of software crisis?5. Why professional and ethical responsibilities are considered important?二、第2章 软件工程过程模型1. The formal methods model of software development makes use of mathematical methods to(软件开发的形式化方法模型利用了数学方法) A:Define the specification for computer-based systems(定义基于计算机的系统的需求) B:Develop defect free computer-based systems (开发无错误的基于计算机的系统) C:Verify the correctness of computer-based systems (验证基于计算机的系统正确性) D:All of the above (以上所有) 2. Evolutionary software process models(软件演化模型) A:Are iterative in nature(本质上是迭代模型) B:Can easily accommodate product requirements changes (可以轻易地适应软件需求变化) C:Do not generally produce throwaway systems (一般不会产生丢弃系统) D:All of the above (以上所有) 3. The rapid application development model is(快速开发模型是) A:Another name for component-based development. (组件开发模型的别名。) B:A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.(当客户无法清晰定义需求时的有效开发手段。) C:A high speed adaptation of the linear sequential model. (线性顺序模型的高速适应方式。) D:All of the above. (以上所有。) 4. The spiral model of software development(螺旋开发模型) A:Ends with the delivery of the software product(在软件产品发布后结束) B:Is more chaotic than the incremental model (比增量模型更混乱) C:Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration(在每个迭代中都包括项目风险评估) D:All of the above (以上都是) 5. The linear sequential model of software development is(软件开发中的线性模型是) A:A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. (当需求被良好定义时的合理开发方式。) B:A good approach when a working program is required quickly. (程序被急需时的良好开发方式。) C:The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. (拥有大型开发团队时的最佳开发方式。) D:An old fashioned model that cannot be used in a modern context. (一个过时的开发模式,已无法在当今的环境中使用。) 6. Which of these is not one of the phase names defined by the Unified Process model for software development?(以下哪一个阶段不属于软件开发中的统一过程模型?) A:Inception phase (初始阶段) B:Elaboration phase (细化阶段) C:Construction phase (构建阶段) D:Validation phase(确认阶段) 7. The prototyping model of software development is(软件开发中的原型模型是) A:A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. (当需求被良好定义时的合理开发方式。) B:A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly. (当客户无法清晰定义需求时的有效开发方式。) C:The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.(拥有大型开发团队时的最佳开发方式。) D:A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product. (一个很少产生有意义产品的风险模型。) 8. The incremental model of software development is(软件开发中的增量模型是) A:A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. (当需求被良好定义时的合理开发方式。) B:A good approach when a working core product is required quickly. (当核心产品需要被迅速开发时的良好开发方式。) C:The best approach to use for projects with large development teams. (拥有大型开发团队时的最佳开发方式。) D:A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products. (一个不被用于商业产品的演化模型。) 9. The concurrent development model is(并发模型) A:Another name for the rapid application development model. (是快速开发模型的别名。) B:Often used for the development of client/server applications. (通常被用于开发客户端/服务器程序。) C:Only used for development of parallel or distributed systems. (只能被用于开发并行或分布式系统。) D:Used whenever a large number of change requests are anticipated. (被用于开发可能产生大量需求变动的项目。) 10. In the Unified Process model requirements are determined iteratively and may span more than one phase of the process.(在统一过程模型中,需求在迭代中被确定并且可能跨越不止一个过程阶段。) A:True(真) B:False(假) 11. The component-based development model is(基于组件的开发模型) A:Only appropriate for computer hardware design.(只适用于计算机硬件设计) B:Not able to support the development of reusable components. (无法支持可复用组件的开发) C:Works best when object technologies are available for support. (有面向对象技术支持时效果最好) D:Not cost effective by known quantifiable software metrics.(不符合已知的可量化的软件度量的成本效益) 1. Explain why a software system used in a real-world environment must change or become progressive less useful?2. Provide examples of software projects that would be amenable to the waterfall, prototyping, incremental models.3. Describe the 5 levels of CMM.4. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of waterfall model.5. What are the differences between the 3 incremental models mentioned in this chapter?三、第3章 软件需求分析1. Use-case actors are always people, never system devices.(用例图中的参与者必须是人,而不能是其他的系统设备。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 2. Which of following is not a UML diagram used creating a system analysis model?(以下的UML图中,那一项不能被用来创建系统的分析模型?) A:activity diagram(活动图) B:class diagram(类图) C:dataflow diagram(数据流图) D:state diagram (状态图)3. In win-win negotiation, the customers needs are met even though the developers need may not be.(在一个双赢的谈判中,即使开发者的需求不被满足,客户的需求仍应当被满足。) A:True(真) B:False (假)4. The nature of collaboration is such that all system requirements are defined by consensus of a committee of customers and developers.(合作的本质就在于客户和开发者组成一个讨论组,从而定义出一致的系统需求) A:True(真) B:False (假)5. Analysis patterns facilitate the transformation of the analysis model into a design model by suggesting reliable solutions to common problems.(分析模式通过提出针对一般性问题的可靠解决方案,有助于将分析模型转换为设计模型。) A:True(真) B:False (假) 6. It is relatively common for different customers to propose conflicting requirements, each arguing that his or her version is the right one.(不同的用户可能提出有冲突的需求,每个人都认为他们自己的版本是最正确的,这是一个较为正常的现象。) A:True(真) B:False (假)7. In collaborative requirements gathering, the facilitator(在协作需求收集的过程中,协调者) A:cannot be a member of the software team(不能是软件小组的成员) B:cannot be a customer(不能是客户) C:controls and facilitates the process(控制并协调过程进度) D:must be an outsider (必须是一个外部人员)8. Which of the following is not one of the context-free questions that would be used during project inception?(下面哪一个选项不是上下文无关、可被用于项目初始阶段的问题?) A:What will be the economic benefit from a good solution?(好的解决方案会带来什么经济利益?) B:Who is against this project?(谁会反对这个项目?) C:Who will pay for the work?(谁将为这些工作支付酬劳?) D:Who will use the solution?(谁将使用这个解决方案?)9. A stakeholder is anyone who will purchase the completed software system under development.(利益相关者将购买开发完成后的完整软件系统。) A:True(真) B:False (假)10. The best way to conduct a requirements validation review is to(进行需求验证检查的最好方式是) A:examine the system model for errors(检查系统模型中的错误) B:have the customer look over the requirements(客户检查需求说明) C:send them to the design team and see if they have any concerns(让客户去设计小组确认是否与他们的设想有出入) D:use a checklist of questions to examine each requirement (用一个检查清单列表去检验每项需求)11. Requirements engineering is a generic process that does not vary from one software project to another.(需求工程是一个一般性的过程,不会因项目的变化而变化。) A:True(真) B:False (假)12. The result of the requirements engineering elaboration task is an analysis model that defines which of the following problem domain(s)?(需求工程中细化任务的结果是一个定义了以下哪项域的分析模型?) A:information(信息) B:functional(功能) C:behavioral(行为) D:all of the above (以上所有)13. The work products produced during requirement elicitation will vary depending on the(需求导出产生的产品将依赖于) A:size of the budget(预算规模) B:size of the product being built(产品的规模) C:software process being used(软件的开发过程模型) D:stakeholders needs (利益相关者的需求)14. In requirements validation the requirements model is reviewed to ensure its technical feasibility.(在需求验证中,需求模型将被检查以确保技术可行性。) A:True(真) B:False(假)15. The use of traceability tables helps to(可追溯性表的作用是) A:debug programs following the detection of run-time errors(在编译程序后发现运行时错误) B:determine the performance of algorithm implementations(判定算法实现的性能) C:identify, control, and track requirements changes(识别,控制和追踪需求变化) D:none of the above (以上都不是)16. Which of the following is not one of the requirement classifications used in Quality Function Deployment (QFD)?(以下哪一项不是质量功能展开中的需求分类?) A:exciting(兴奋需求) B:expected(期望需求) C:mandatory(强制需求) D:normal (常规需求)17. Developers and customers create use-cases to help the software team understand how different classes of end-users will use functions.(开发人员和客户采用创建用例图的方式,帮助软件小组理解不同类型的最终用户将如何使用系统功能。) A:True(真) B:False (假)18. The job of the requirements engineer is to categorize all stakeholder information in a way that allows decision makers to choose an internally consistent set of requirements.(需求工程师的工作是划分利益关系者的要求,使得决策者可以选择出一致认可的需求。) A:True(真) B:False (假)19. The system specification describes the(系统规格说明书描述了) A:Function, performance and constraints of a computer-based system(系统的功能,性能以及约束条件) B:implementation of each allocated system(每个分配系统的实现) C:element software architecture(软件元素的架构)D:time required for system simulation (系统模拟的时间要求)1. Describe the weaknesses of use-cases as part of the requirements engineering process.2. What are the major steps for requirements engineering?3. Give some examples of functional and non-functional requirements.4. What are the differences between product and process Requirements?5. Please list some main requirements sources.四、第4章 软件设计工程1. When using structured design methodologies the process of stepwise refinement is unnecessary. (当使用结构化设计方法时,逐步精炼的过程则显得无关紧要。) A:True(真) B:False (假)2. Software design is an iterative generic process that may be applied without modification to any software project.(软件设计是一般性的迭代过程,并可以不做修改地应用到任何软件项目) A:True(真) B:False (假)3. Design patterns are not applicable to the design of object-oriented software?(设计模式不适用于面向对象的软件。) A:True(真) B:False(假)4. Software designs are refactored to allow the creation of software that is easier to integrate, easier to test, and easier to maintain.((重构软件设计,使得软件变得更加容易整合、测试和维护。)) A:True(真) B:False (假) 5. Which design model is analogous to the detailed drawings of the access points and external utilities for a house?(下面哪个设计模型可以类比成房子外部和入口的细节设计?) A:Architectural design(架构设计) B:Component-level design(组件级设计) C:Data design(数据设计) D:Interface design(接口设计)6. Inheritance provides a mechanism by which changes to lower level classes can be propagated to all super classes quickly.(继承提供了低层次类的修改可以迅速被传递给所有高层类的机制。) A:True(真) B:False (假)7. Which of the following models can be used to represent the architectural design of a piece of software.(以下的模型中,哪个可以用来表示软件的架构设计?) A:Dynamic models(动态模型) B:Functional models(功能模型) C:Structural models(结构化模型) D:All of the above (以上所有)8. Which design model is analogous to a set of detailed drawings for each room in a house?(哪个设计模型可以被类比成房子中每个房间的细节设计) A:Architectural design(架构设计) B:Component-level design(组件级设计) C:Data design(数据设计) D:Interface design (接口设计)9. Information hiding makes program maintenance easier by hiding data and procedure from unaffected parts of the program. (信息隐藏通过隐藏程序中的无关部分的数据和过程,使得程序更容易维护。) A:True(真) B:False (假)10. Which of the following is not a characteristic common to all design methods?(以下哪一项不是所有设计方法的共同特性?) A:configuration management(配置管理) B:functional component(功能性组件 C:notation quality assessment(质量评估 D:guidelines refinement heuristics (精炼)11. Since modularity is an important design goal it is not possible to have too many modules in a proposed design.(由于模块化是重要的设计目标,在设计中出现太多的模块是不现实的。) A:True(真) B:False (假)12. Which design is analogous to the floor plan of a house?(哪一种设计可以被类比成房子的地板设计?) A:Architectural design(架构设计) B:Component-level design(组件级设计) C:Data design(数据设计) D:Interface design (接口设计)13. Design patterns are best thought of as coding patterns.(设计模式是最好的编码模式。) A:True(真) B:False (假)14. Polymorphism reduces the effort required to extend an object system by(多态能降低扩展面向对象系统所需的工作量,是通过) A:coupling objects together more tightly.(将对象耦合地更加紧密。) B:enabling a number of different operations to share the same name.(不同的操作共享相同的名称。) C:making objects more dependent on one another.(使对象更依赖另一个对象。) D:removing the barriers imposed by encapsulation (消除封装带来的障碍。)15. Information hiding makes program maintenance easier by hiding data and procedure from unaffected parts of the program.(信息隐藏通过隐藏程序中的无关部分的数据和过程,使得程序更容易维护。) A:True(真) B:False (假)16. Frameworks and design patterns are the same thing as far as designers are concerned.(框架和设计模式在设计者眼中是相同的。) A:True(真) B:False (假)17. Which of the following is not one of the five design class types(以下哪个不是五种设计类的种类) A:Business domain classes(商业领域类) B:Entity classes(实例类) C:Process classes(过程类) D:User interface classes (用户接口类)18. The deployment design elements specify the build order for the software components.(部署设计元素指明了了软件组件的建立顺序。) A:True(真) B:False (假)19. One of the key problems in software reuse is the inability to find existing reusable design patterns when hundreds of candidates exist.(软件复用的重要问题在于很难在成百上千的已有的设计模式中进行取舍。) A:True(真) B:False (假)20. The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word(软件设计的重要性可以被概括成) A:accuracy(精确) B:complexity(复杂) C:efficiency(高效开发 D:quality (对品质的追求)21. Cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module(内聚可以用于表示模块) A:can be written more compactly.(可以被编写地更加紧密的程度。) B:focuses on just one thing.(只专注一项功能的程度。) C:is able to complete its function in a timely manner.(可以及时地完成它功能的程度。) D:is connected to other modules and the outside world. (与其他模块和外部组件联系的程度。)22. Which design model elements are used to depict a model of information represented from the users view?(以下哪种模型元素被用来描绘从用户角度观察到的信息?) A:Architectural design elements(架构设计元素) B:Component-level design elements(组件级设计元素) C:Data design elements(数据设计元素) D:Interface design elements(接口设计元素)23. Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module(耦合可以用于表示模块) A:can be written more compactly.(可以被编写地更加紧密的程度。) B:focuses on just one thing.(只专注一项功能的程度。) C:is able to complete its function in a timely manner.(可以及时地完成它功能的程度。) D:is connected to other modules and the outside world. (与其他模块和外部组件联系的程度。)1. What does the design engineering include?2. What are the elements that make up a software architectural style?3. Explain how effective modular design is achieved through functional independence of the individual modules?4. What is the goal of data design?5. Describe the principle of information hiding as it applies to software design.六、第6章 编码规范 1. Software quality and functionality must be measured indirectly.(软件质量和功能必须间接地测量。) A:True(真) B:False(假) 2. Small software organizations are not likely to see any economic return from establishing software metrics program.(小型软件组织不太倾向于从确立软件度量计划中获得回报。) A:True(真) B:False(假)3. Which of the following software quality factors is most likely to be affected by radical changes to computing architectures?(以下哪项软件质量因素更容易被计算架构的根本性变动所影响?)
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