外八上不定式解及相关练习.doc

外研社八年级上不定式讲解及相关练习一、什么是不定式？1. One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。2. To see is to believe.眼见为实。3. To know oneself is true knowledge. 人贵有自知之明。4. To say is one thing and to do is another. 说时容易，做时难。5. To be angry is to punish yourself for anothers sins. 生气是拿别人的过失惩罚自己。6. To be, or not to be. This is a question. 生存还是死亡，这是个问题。二、动词不定式的结构： to+动词原形三、动词不定式的意义：可是表示将来的行为和目的。如：I want to go to the movies. （表将来的行为）He planned to see the Beijing Opera. （表将来的行为）I come here to visit my cousins. (表示目的)To see the PPT more clearly, they turned off the light. (表示目的)四、动词不定式充当什么句子成分？动词不定式一般可以作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语、后置定语、表语、主语等。1. 做宾语I want to go to the movies. He planned to see the Beijing Opera.They decided to stay at home because it was raining .Lingling offered to take me there.I tried to write learn English well.Lao She started to teach Chinese in London in 1924.Teachers hope to help their students with their study as much as they can.Id love to see that exciting movie again.后接不定式作宾语的动词还有fail, refuse, need, afford, agree, manage, intend, learn等等2. 做宾语补足语：结构：动词+宾语+动词不定式It allows people to get closer to animals. 它让人们更近距离接触动物们。 Mr. Han told us not to make too much noise. 韩先生告诉我们不要弄出太大声言。有些动词接不定式作宾语补足语时，可以接不带to的不定式，常见的这类动词有：help, make, let, have, hear, feel, see等。His words made everyone laugh.Ill have Tony show you around the school. 我会让托尼带你参观校园。Let me help you! I heard him cry next door just now.既可接不定式做宾语又可接不定式做宾语补足语动词expect, would like/love, wish, want, 3、做目的状语：We work hard to improve our English.I come here to visit my cousins.To see the PPT more clearly, they turned off the light4、做后置定语：Many wild animals dont have a safe place to live.They were locked in the room and didnt have anything to eat.I have nothing to do at the weekend.5、做表语：主语通常有：job, dream, wish, idea, plan, work, duty Her job is to sell tickets.6、做主语：To sell tickets is her job. adj. + to do sth.1. sb. + be + adj. + to do sth. 表示某人对某件事情的态度。如：“见到你很高兴”pleased, glad, surprised, sorry, sad, excited, lucky.2. sth. + be + adj. + to do 表示某一事物的某种属性，如“这些食物很美味” delicious, terrible, dangerous, hard, easy 3. It + be + adj. ( for sb.) + to do sth. 表示做某件事情的性质情况用 for sb.necessary, difficult, interesting, important, 4. It + be + adj. (of sb.) + to do sth. 表示人的行为特点或品质时用 of sb.nice, good, kind, helpful, cleverShanghai is world-famous. It has a long history. People in Shanghai are getting ready for the Expo. And they are pleased to meet people from all over the world. The food in Shanghai is delicious to eat, such as steamed buns (小笼包), bean curd with odor (臭豆腐). It is necessary for visitors to try different kinds of food here. It is nice of them to offer us so much. Guangzhou is the biggest city in Guangdong. The food here is _. The best place _ is Beijing Road. Guangdong Olympic Center is the best place _ sports. Yuexiu Park is known for its history of Guangzhou. So it is important _ visitors _ Yuexiu Park. People in Guangzhou are friendly. It is nice _ them _ a good environment for the Asian Games. You will be happy _ everything in Guangzhou.Bonus1:下列及物动词后常跟动名词：enjoy, finish, practice, keep等Bonus2:介词at, in, for, with, without等后面的动词宾语须用动名词。1. V.+ doing: enjoy, mind, practice, finish, suggest2. V.+ to do 和 V. + doing 意思一样start/begin doing/to do sth. like/love/hate doing/to do sth. 3. V. + to do 和 V. + doing 意思不一样 stop doing 停止正在做的事 stop to do 停下(正在做的事)去做另一件事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事趁热打铁：1. We expected China _ the most medals in the 2010 Asian Games. A. to get B. getting C. get2. We wishes Chinese football team _ again in the Asian Games. A. to fail B. never to fail C. doesnt fail3. Its helpful _ him _ us the way to the exit. A. of, showing B. for, to show C. of, to show 4. They suggested _ to Pudong Airport by subway. A. going B. to go C.went5. In Shanghai, the Bund and the Pearl Tower are famous places .A. of visit B. to visit C. visit6. They are practicing _for the opening ceremony.A. sing B. to sing C.singing4. The government has done all it could _Pudong so beautiful.A. make B. to make C. making1. 广州人目前的任务是保持环境清洁。For the people in Guangzhou, the duty at the moment is _.2. 我们的梦想是取得金牌。Our dream is _.3. 他在广州迷路了，不知如何是好。He got lost in Guangzhou, and he didnt know _.4. 看哪场比赛尚未决定。 _ hasnt been decided.5Visitors may not find any hotels _ (可以住的) during the Asian Games. 6. There is _ (没有吃的东西) in this hotel for breakfast.7. The best _ (买东西的地方) in Guangzhou is Beijing Road. 8.He climbed up to the Pearl Tower (see) the beautiful view of Shanghai.1. Did you enjoy _(read) this novel?2. They finished _ (carry) the books though it was late.3. The teacher asks us _(keep)4 _ (practice) _(speak) English.5.Thank you for _(help) me.6. We cant live without _(drink) water.7. He is good at _(play) chess.8. We both do well in _(play) the piano.9.Foreigners enjoy _ (stay) in Shanghai.10. We wont mind _ (live) in Pudong district.11. They started _ (laugh) after they reached the top.12. He was a bit familiar and I remembered _ (see) him somewhere in Guangzhou.13. Please remember _ (take) the rubbish with you when you leave the park.14. After the long walk on the bund, they stopped _ (have) a rest.15. Stop _ (talk) please! The game has begun.16The guard wont let you _(踩踏) the grass. 17. The boss made the workers _(完成) the buildin