IACS统一解释中文版.doc

DRAFT IACS UI SC 191IACS Unified Interpretations (UI) SC 191IACS统一解释 SC191for the application of amended SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 (resolution MSC.151(78) and revised Technical provisions for means of access for inspections (resolution MSC.158(78)SOLAS规则(MSC.151(78)修正案和MSC.158(78)决议通道检查技术条款修订的应用Note: 注：This UI is to be applied by IACS Members and Associates when acting as recognized organizations, authorized by flag State Administrations to act on their behalf, unless otherwise advised, from 1 January 2005. 除非另外通知，当挂旗国担当认证、审定时，本统一解释于2005年1月1日生效。Page 26/26 xxxx 2004SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-61. Application应用1.1 Except as provided for in paragraph 1.2, this regulation applies to oil tankers of 500 gross tonnage and over and bulk carriers, as defined in regulation IX/1, of 20,000 gross tonnage and over, constructed on or after 1 January 2006.除1.2条所述外，本条款适用于2006年1月1日或以后建造的500总吨及以上的油船，和如规则IX/1中定义的20,000总吨及以上的散货船。1.2 Oil tankers of 500 gross tonnage and over constructed on or after 1 October 1994 but before 1 January 2005 shall comply with the provisions of regulation II-1/12-2 adopted by resolution MSC.27(61). 1994年10月1日或以后、但在2005年1月1日以前建造的500总吨及以上的油船将符合由MSC.27(61)通过的对规则II-1/12-2的规定。Interpretation解释Oil tankers:油船This regulation is only applicable to oil tankers having integral tanks for carriage of oil in bulk, which is contained in the definition of oil in Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78. Independent oil tanks can be excluded. 本规则仅适用于具有整体液舱、以散货形式装载MARPOL 73/78附录1中定义的油的油船，不包括独立的油船。Regulation II-1/3-6 is not normally applied to FPSO or FSO unless the Administration decides otherwise.规则II-1/3-6通常不适用于FPSO或FSO，除非主管当局另外规定。Technical Background技术背景Means of Access (MA) specified in the Technical provisions contained in resolution MSC.158(78) are not specific with respect to the application to integral cargo oil tanks or also to independent cargo oil tanks. ESP requirements of oil tankers have been established assuming the target cargo oil tanks are integral tanks. The MA regulated under SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 is for overall and close-up inspections as defined in regulation IX/1. Therefore it is assumed that the target cargo oil tanks are those of ESP, i.e. integral cargo tanks.在MSC.158(78)中包含的技术条款中规定的通道含义不是特殊适用于整体的货油舱，也适用于独立的货油舱。增强检验要求建立在目标货油舱假定是整体液舱基础上。SOLAS II-1/3-6规定的通道含义是对规则IX/1中定义的整体和近观检查而言。因此增强检验内容是假定目标货油舱，即整体液货舱。Regulation II-1/3-6 is applicable to FPSO or FSO if they are subject to the scope of ESP as contained in resolution A.744(18) as amended. 规则II-1/3-6适用于FPSO或FSO，如果它们适于规则A.744(18)及其修正案中包含的增强检验的范围。Ref.参照SOLAS regulation IX/1 and resolution A.744 (18) as amended.SOLAS IX/1和A.744(18)及其修正案SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-62 Means of access to cargo and other spaces进入货舱和其他处所的通道2.1 Each space within the cargo area shall be provided with a permanent means of access to enable, throughout the life of a ship, overall and close-up inspections and thickness measurements of the ships structures to be carried out by the Administration, the company, as defined in regulation IX/1, and the ships personnel and others as necessary. Such means of access shall comply with the requirements of paragraph 5 and with the Technical provisions for means of access for inspections, adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee by resolution MSC.133(76), as may be amended by the Organization, provided that such amendments are adopted, brought into force and take effect in accordance with the provisions of article VIII of the present Convention concerning the amendment procedures applicable to the Annex other than chapter I在船舶整个寿命期间内，在货舱区域的每一处所应设置固定式的通道，以提供主管机关、第IX/1条所定义的船公司、以及船上人员和其他有关人员对船舶结构进行全面检查、近观检查和厚度测量。通道应符合第5款要求，和海安会通过的MSC.133（76）决议关于对检查所用通道的技术规定，该规定可由本组织修订。该修正案的通过、生效和实施，应按本公约第VIII条有关适用与除第1章的附则修正程序的规定。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-62.2 Where a permanent means of access may be susceptible to damage during normal cargo loading and unloading operations or where it is impracticable to fit permanent means of access, the Administration may allow, in lieu thereof, the provision of movable or portable means of access, as specified in the Technical provisions, provided that the means of attaching, rigging, suspending or supporting the portable means of access forms a permanent part of the ships structure. All portable equipment shall be capable of being readily erected or deployed by ships personnel.当正常装卸货物的操作容易损坏该处固定式的通道，或在该处所设置固定式通道不切合实际，作为替代，主管机关在技术条款中可允许设置可移式或可携式通道。提供固定、安装、悬吊或支撑可携式通道的设施构成船舶固定结构中的一部分。所有可携式通道设备应易于船上人员安装或使用。Interpretation:解释Alternative means of access are listed under paragraph 3.9 of TP. Subject to acceptance as equivalent by the Administration, an unmanned robot arm, ROVs and dirigibles with necessary equipment of the permanent means of access for overall and close-up inspections and thickness measurements of the deck head structure such as deck transverses and deck longitudinals of cargo oil tanks and ballast tanks, are to be capable of:列在3.9节技术条款中的替代通道，遥控机械装置、ROVs和可操纵的带有永久通道的必要设备的等效设施被主管机关接受，用于诸如货油舱和压载舱区域甲板横梁、甲板纵桁这些甲板顶部结构的全面检查、近观检查和测厚，是可行的。 l safe operation in ullage space in gas-free environment;在无气体环境下净空的安全操作。l introduction into the place from an access hole of the deck plating.从甲板板出入孔传入空间。Technical Background技术背景Innovative approaches in particular a development of robot in place of elevated passageways are encouraged and it is considered worthwhile to provide the functional requirement for the innovative approach.特别创新的方法是在高架通道的地方鼓励使用机器人。为创新的方法提供功能要求是值得考虑的。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 2.3 The construction and materials of all means of access and their attachment to the ships structure shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration. The means of access shall be subject to survey prior to, or in conjunction with, its use in carrying out surveys in accordance with regulation I/10.所有通道的构造和材料及其与船舶结构连接的附件均应经主管机关同意。在检验之前、或按照第I/10条要求进行检验的同时，应对通道进行检验。Interpretation:解释Inspection检查The MA arrangements, including portable equipment and attachments, are to be periodically inspected by the crew or competent inspectors as and when it is going to be used to confirm that the MAs remain in serviceable condition. 通道装置包括可携设备及附件要有船员或胜任的检察员进行定期检查。当打算使用时需确认那些通道装置是否保持可使用的条件。Procedures程序1. Any authorised person using the MA shall assume the role of inspector and check for obvious damage prior to using the access arrangements. Whilst using the MA the inspector is to verify the condition of the sections used by close up examination of those sections and note any deterioration in the provisions. Should any damage or deterioration be found, the effect of such deterioration is to be assessed as to whether the damage or deterioration affects the safety for continued use of the access. Deterioration found that is considered to affect safe use is to be determined as “substantial damage” and measures are to be put in place to ensure that the affected section(s) are not to be further used prior effective repair.使用通道的任何当局人员在使用通道前将作为检查人员的角色来检查明显的破坏。在使用通道的同时检察员将对那些区域通过近观检查来核实截面的情况，且要记录规定的任何损耗。将任何破坏和损耗找出，对这样损耗的结果进行评估，看破坏或损耗是否影响通道的安全连续使用。发现的损耗认为影响安全使用要确定为“实质破坏”，需提出替代的措施以保证在有效修理前不进一步使用。2. Statutory survey of any space that contains MA shall include verification of the continued effectiveness of the MA in that space. Survey of the MA shall not be expected to exceed the scope and extent of the survey being undertaken. If the MA is found deficient the scope of survey should be extended as found appropriate. 包含通道的任何处所的法定检验将包括那些处所内通道连续有效性的认证。通道的检验不应认为超过了承担的检验范围和延伸。如发现通道不足，检验范围应适当延伸。3. Records of all inspections are to be established based on the requirements detailed in the ships Safety Management System. The records are to be readily available to persons using the MAs and a copy attached to the MA Manual. The latest record for the portion of the MA inspected should include as a minimum the date of the inspection, the name and title of the inspector, a confirmation signature, the sections of MA inspected, verification of continued serviceable condition or details of any deterioration or substantial damage found. A file of permits issued should be maintained for verification.所有检查报告要基于船舶安全管理系统中的详细要求建立。报告要易于使用通道人员的利用，并且一份拷贝保存在通道手册中。通道局部检查的最新报告包括最小的日期、姓名、检查员的头衔、确认的签名、检查通道的区域、连续可使用的认证或发现的任何损耗或实质破坏的详细情况。颁发的许可文件应保存备查。Technical Background技术背景It is recognised that MA is subject to deterioration in a long term due to corrosive environment and external forces from ship motions and sloshing of liquid contained in the tank. MA therefore should be inspected at every opportunity of tank/space entry. The above interpretation is to be contained in a section of the MA Manual.承认通道由于长期受腐蚀环境和来至船舶运动和舱内液面晃荡的外部力有一定的损耗，因此通道在每个液舱/处所入口应进行检查。上述解释包含在通道手册的章节中。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-63. Safe access to cargo holds, cargo tanks, ballast tanks and other spaces货舱、液货舱、压载舱和其它处所的安全通道3.1 Safe access* to cargo holds, cofferdams, ballast tanks, cargo tanks and other spaces in the cargo area shall be direct from the open deck and such as to ensure their complete inspection. Safe access to double bottom spaces or to forward ballast tanks may be from a pump-room, deep cofferdam, pipe tunnel, cargo hold, double hull space or similar compartment not intended for the carriage of oil or hazardous cargoes.为确保全面检查，通过安全通道应可直接从开敞甲板和类似地方进入货舱、隔离空舱、压载水舱、货油舱和其它处所。通过安全通道可从泵舱、深隔离空舱、管隧、货舱双壳处所或不装油或危险货物的类似处所进入双层底处所。Refer to the Recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships, adopted by the Organization by resolution A.864(20).参照本组织A864（20）决议通过的“进入船上封闭处所的建议案”。Interpretation解释Access to a double side skin space of bulk carriers may be either from a topside tank or double bottom tank or from both.到达散货船双边壳处所的通道可以从顶边舱或双层底舱或两个方向进入。Technical Background技术背景Unless used for other purposes, the double side skin space is to be designed as a part of a large U-shaped ballast tank and such space is to be accessed through the adjacent part of the tank, i.e. topside tank or double bottom/bilge hopper tank. Access to the double side skin space from the adjacent part rather than direct from the open deck is justified.除非用作其它用途，双边壳处所应按大U形设计。这样的处所可以通过邻近的液舱部分进入，即顶边舱或双层底/舭部斜边舱。通过邻近的液舱部分进入双边壳处所比直接从开敞甲板进入更适合。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-63.2 Tanks, and subdivisions of tanks, having a length of 35 m or more shall be fitted with at least two access hatchways and ladders, as far apart as practicable. Tanks less than 35 m in length shall be served by at least one access hatchway and ladder. When a tank is subdivided by one or more swash bulkheads or similar obstructions which do not allow ready means of access to the other parts of the tank, at least two hatchways and ladders shall be fitted.长度为35m及以上的液舱和液舱分隔应至少设置两个出入舱口和梯子，并根据实际情况尽可能远离。长度小于35m的液舱应至少设置一个出入舱口和梯子。当一个液舱被一道或多道制荡舱壁或类似的隔堵所分开，没有方便的通道易于从舱室的一端到另一端，则至少设置两个出入舱口和梯子。Interpretation解释A cargo oil tank of less than 35 m length without a swash bulkhead requires only one access hatch.长度小于35m没有制荡舱壁的货油舱仅要求一个出入舱口。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-63.3 Each cargo hold shall be provided with at least two means of access as far apart as practicable. In general, these accesses should be arranged diagonally, for example one access near the forward bulkhead on the port side, the other one near the aft bulkhead on the starboard side.每个货舱应至少设置2个尽可能远离的出入通道。通常，出入通道应对角线布置，即1个出入通道布置在左舷靠近货舱前端壁处，另1个出入通道布置在右舷靠近货舱后端壁处。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-64. Ship structure access manual船舶结构通道手册4.1 A ships means of access to carry out overall and close-up inspections and thickness measurements shall be described in a Ship structure access manual approved by the Administration, an updated copy of which shall be kept on board. The Ship structure access manual shall include the following for each space:船上用于全面检查、近观检查和测厚用的通道，应列在船舶结构通道手册中，并经主管机关批准。船上应保留一本最新版本的船舶结构通道手册。船舶结构通道手册应反映货舱区域每一处所的下述情况：.1 plans showing the means of access to the space, with appropriate technical specifications and dimensions;图示进入处所的出入通道，注有技术说明和尺寸；.2 plans showing the means of access within each space to enable an overall inspection to be carried out, with appropriate technical specifications and dimensions. The plans shall indicate from where each area in the space can be inspected;图示设置在每一舱室内能进行全面检查的通道，注有技术说明和尺寸。图中应标出可检查该处所内的每一个区域；.3 plans showing the means of access within the space to enable close-up inspections to be carried out, with appropriate technical specifications and dimensions. The plans shall indicate the positions of critical structural areas, whether the means of access is permanent or portable and from where each area can be inspected;图示设置在舱室内能进行近观检查的通道，注有技术说明和尺寸。在图中应标出危险结构区域的位置。无论采用固定式或可携式通道，均可对每一危险区域进行近观检查；.4instructions for inspecting and maintaining the structural strength of all means of access and means of attachment, taking into account any corrosive atmosphere that may be within the space;在检查和维护所有出入通道的结构强度和附属设施的说明中，应考虑舱室内腐蚀气体的影响；.5instructions for safety guidance when rafting is used for close-up inspections and thickness measurements;当使用筏进行近管检查和测厚时应有安全须知；.6instructions for the rigging and use of any portable means of access in a safe manner; 索具和任何可携式通道安全安装和使用方法的说明；.7an inventory of all portable means of access; and所有可携式通道的一份清单；和.8records of periodical inspections and maintenance of the ships means of access.船上所配置的通道定期检查和维护的记录。Interpretation解释Access manual should address spaces listed in paragraph 3 of the regulation II-1/3-6.通道手册应保存在II-1/3-6第3节中所列的处所。As a minimum the English version should be provided最少应提供一份英文版本。The ship structure access manual is to contain at least the following two parts:船舶结构通道手册至少应包下述两部分：Part 1: Plans, instructions and inventory required by paragraphs 4.1.1 to 4.1.7 of regulation II-1/3-6. This part is to be approved by the Administration or the organization recognised by the Administration第一部分：图纸、说明书和II-1/3-6中4.1.1至4.1.7要求的属具。这部分要由主管机关或主管机关承认的机构认可。Part 2: Form of record of inspections and maintenance, and change of inventory of portable equipment due to additions or replacement after construction. This part is be approved for its form only at new building.第二部分：检查和维修以及由于在建造中增加或替代的可携式设备清单的变化记录的表格。这部分仅在新造船上对其形式进行认可。The following matters are to be addressed in the ship structure access manual:下列问题要在船舶结构通道手册中注明：1) The access manual should clearly cover scope as specified in the regulations for use by crews, surveyors and port state control officers.通道手册应清楚地标明规则中规定的由船员、检验人员和港口过官员使用的范围。2) Approval / re-approval procedure for the manual, i.e. any changes of the permanent, portable, movable or alternative means of access within the scope of the regulation and the Technical provisions are subject to review and approval by the Administration or by the organization recognised by the Administration.认可/重新认可程序，即固定式、可携式、可移式或规则及技术条款范围内的任一通道均适于主管机关或主管机关承认的机构审查认可。3) Verification of MA is to be part of safety construction survey for continued effectiveness of the MA in that space which is subject to the statutory survey. 通道核查是法定检验处所中通道连续有效性的安全结构检验的一部分。4) Inspection of MA by the crew and/or a competent inspector of the company as a part of regular inspection and maintenance. 由船员和或公司胜任的检查员对通道的检查作为定期检查和维修的一部分。(See Interpretation for paragraph 2.3 of SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6) （见SOLAS II-1/3-6中第三节的解释）5) Actions to be taken if MA is found unsafe to use.发现通道不能安全使用采取的措施。6) In case of use of portable equipment plans showing the means of access within each space indicating from where and how each area in the space can be inspected;假设使用可携式设备，图纸应示出每个处所内的通道，并指出从哪和如何到达要检查处所的每个区域。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-64.2 For the purpose of this regulation “critical structural areas” are locations which have been identified from calculations to require monitoring or from the service history of similar or sister ships to be sensitive to cracking, buckling, deformation or corrosion which would impair the structural integrity of the ship.在本条中“危险结构区域”系指通过计算确定需进行监控的局部区域，或同类船舶、或姐妹船在营运史上易于发生裂纹、屈服、变形或腐蚀，会损害船舶结构完整性的区域。Interpretation解释1) Critical structural areas are to be identified by advanced calculation techniques for structural strength and fatigue performance, if available, and feed back from the service history and design development of similar or sister ships.结构强度和疲劳性能的临界结构区域要通过先进的计算方法确定，如果可能，则从服役记录、类似的设计开发或姊妹船进行反馈。2) Reference is to be made to the following publications for critical structural areas, where applicable:临界结构区域参照下列出版物作出，应用如下：- Oil tankers: Guidance Manual for Tanker Structures by TSCF;油船：TSCF油船结构指导手册- Bulk carriers: Bulk Carriers Guidelines for Surveys, Assessment and Repair of Hull Structure by IACS;散货船：IACS船体结构检验、评估和修理散货船指导- Oil tankers and bulk carriers: resolution A.744 (18), as amended.油船和散货船：A.744 (18)决议及修正案Technical Background技术背景These documents contain the relevant information for the present ship types. However identification of critical areas for new double hull tankers and double side skin bulk carriers of improved structural design would have to be made by structural analysis at design stage if available. 这些文件包含现行船型的相关资料。但如可能，优化结构设计的新双壳油船和双边壳散货船的临界区域确定需通过设计阶段的结构分析确定。SOLAS regulation II-1/3-6 SOLAS 规则 II-1/3-65. General technical specifications一般技术规定5.1 For access through horizontal openings, hatches or manholes, the dimensions shall be sufficient to allow a person wearing a self-contained air-breathing apparatus and protective equipment to ascend or descend any ladder without obstruction and also provide a clear opening to facilitate the hoisting of an injured person from the bottom of the space. The minimum clear opening shall not be less than 600 mm x 600 mm. When access to a cargo hold is arran