外研版必修1-2知识点集.docx

英语必修一1-6单元知识点 班级_姓名_ 1页英语五大基本句式S vi. S vt O.S vt O O.S vt O C.S lv P.There be+ n.英语中的各类词性名词：n. 名称 分为 可数和不可数代词：pron.代替名词 分为 主格和宾格动词：v. 动作 分为 及物vt和不及物vi形容词：adj的 . lv后做表语和名词前做定语副词：adv地 说明时间，地点，原因，结果等 介词：prep + n /pron(宾格)/doing/从句 = adj/adv连词：conj连接词短语或句子，连词引导的部分叫从句 英语的句子成分1. 主语：S动作的执行者2. 谓语：V动作，由动词充当3. 宾语：O动作的承受者4. 定语：A名词前/后“的” 5. 状语：A“地”说明时间，地点6. 补语：C补充说明宾语 7. 表语：P在系动词后英语中的定义1. 时态：动词的变形，通过动词的变化体现动作发生的时间，分为过去，现在和将来2. 语态：动词的变形，通过动词的变化体现动词与主语的主被动关系 （被动语态：be done ）3. 语气：动词的变形，通过动词的变化体现主语的态度，分为陈述，疑问，感叹和虚拟四种 （虚拟指与事实相反）4. 虚拟语气：动词的变形，通过动词形式的变化体现动作发生的可能性小，分为倒退型虚拟和should型虚拟5. 倒装：主语和动词位置调换，为了强调和语法需要6. 非谓语动词：不做谓语，而当做n/adj/adv用，分为to do, doing ,v-ing/v-ed 7. 从句：由连词引导的一套s v o。 从句代替单词在主句中充当成分，分为状语从句，定语从句和名词性从句作文实用句式1. Doing sth is of much help/ value/ use/ importance. .做某事重要/有用/有帮助/有价值。2. Doing sth does good/ harm to sb/sth. 做某事对某人有好处/坏处。3. We should spare no effort to do sth. 我们应该不遗余力做某事。 4. It is said/ reported/ suggested that S V O. 据说/报道/建议 S V O。5. What astonishes / surprises us is that S V O. 让我们惊讶的是S V O。6. It is obvious that S V O. 很明显S V O。7. It is time that S V O. =It is time for sb to do sth. 某人该做某事了8. I always hold the belief that S V O. 我一直相信S V O。句式 1. I would appreciate it if S V O. 如果。我将不胜感激2. Sb find / think / consider/maker it easy/ones duty( for sb )to do sth. sb发现/ 认为/让做某事很容易/是sb的责任3. I t is easy / difficult for sb to do sth. 做某事很简单4. It is kind / nice of sb to do sth. 某人做某事太好了5. She is so cute a girl that we all like her. 她如此好，我们都喜欢她6. She is such a cute girl that we all like her.7. I dont think I will be bored in her class. 我不会在他的课上感到厌烦8. A is three times the length of B. / as long as B. / longer than B.(四倍) A是B的三倍9. I have ten books, six of which are English books. 我有十本书，其中六本是英语书10. He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人11. I will do well in the exam with Ms Chen teaching me. 我会考得好有陈老师教我。12. If possible, she wants to go with us. 可能的话，他想和我们一起走13. What a beautiful girl she is! = How beautiful a girl she is! 多么漂亮的一个女孩！ 14. We ate great meals(which were) cooked by experts. 我们吃专家做的饭。15. Traveling at a speed of 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the journey in eight minutes. =Because the train travels at a speed of 400 kilometers per hour, the train can. 16. It is/has been six years since we last saw each other. 自从上次见面已经六年了。17. This is .the first time I have visited your home town. 这是我第一次来到你的家乡。 This was the first time I .had. visited your home town. 那是我第一次来到你的家乡。18. It is ones turn to do sth. . 轮到某人做某事。19. Not everyone is here.= Everyone is not here. 不是所有人都在这。20. Talking on a mobile phone is expensive. 打电话很贵。 必修一 1-6 单元 重点短语 2页动词短语 在动词前加主语，动词后加宾语look forward to doing get down to doingbe used to doingstick to doing break ones word 5stare at instruct sb to do sth follow ones instructions have words with sb keep ones promise/word 10break ones word much to ones disappointment/amusement/ surprise/ amazementleave a .impression on sb appreciate (ones) doing admit doing sth 15 My dream comes true. I realize my dream. prefer doing to doing = prefer to do rather than dowould rather do than do = would do rather than do have problems with sth / in doing sth show respect for have a lot of fun 20encourage sb to do sth take an active part in=join in regard/ consider/see A as B think of/refer to/look on A as Bhave no choice but to do enjoy doing sth 25avoid doing sthget on well with sb result in result o. 30 abandon oneself to =be abandoned to supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb =provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb offer / give sb sth = offer / give sth to sb have a good supply of allow doing sth allow sb to do sth 35 refer to a dictionary =look up a word in a dictionary be short for be short of take over take up 40frighten sb into doing sth frighten sb out of doing sth take full advantage of date back to = date from speed up = pick up speed 45refer to be short of be short for take off take over 50 take up frighten sb away frighten sb into doing sth frighten sb out of doing sth have an interview with sb 55 take full advantage of date back to = date from speed up = pick up speed be fortunate to do/ ( in) doing sth bother sb with/about sth 60put forward put off put up with remain to be done afford ( to do) sth 65survive sth survive from sth lose contact with get in / make contact with keep contact with 70get around get over get through sigh/make a contract with put.in order 75aim to do =aim at doing come to/ arrive at/ reach/ draw a conclusion bring sth to a conclusion add.to add to =increase 80keep sb from doing sth keep up with go out be used to doing used to do 85be used to do give a lecture on/about take pride in= be proud of be supposed to do be supposed to have done 90be astonished to do sth/ at sth consist of =be made up of =be composed of come up with come true when it comes to 95come out come across design sth for sb permit sb to do sth permit doing sth 100concentrate ones thought/ effort/ attention/ oneself on = fix ones mind on= focus on= pay attention to = be absorbed in = be lost in compare A with B compare A to B take turns to do sth = do sth in turn 105be前加主语，介词后加宾语。(n/pron宾格/doing/从句)be similar to be enthusiastic about be interested inbe crazy about be bored with 110 be disappointed at be patient with be covered with be divided into be admitted into 115期待，盼望开始认真做某事习惯做某事坚持违背诺言盯着命令/指导某人做某事按照说明/指示和某人吵架遵守诺言违背诺言令某人失望高兴吃惊的是给。留下。印象感激某人做某事承认做某事我实现了我的梦想。宁愿。而不愿。有困难尊敬玩的开心鼓励某人做某事参加把A当做B除。外别无选择喜欢做某事避免做某事与。相处得好导致由。引起把。分成沉迷于提供某人某物有充足的。允许做某事允许某人做某事指的是，参考，提到，涉及是。的缩写缺少掌管，接管占据(时间，空间) ，从事吓唬某人做某事使某人不敢某事利用追溯到，起源于 3页加速提起，参考查阅，涉及 缺乏 是。的缩写 起飞 脱下，成功 接管 拿起，占据（时间，空间）着手做 把某人吓走 吓唬某人做。吓得某人不敢做。采访某人充分利用 追溯到 加速 做某事幸运 为某事麻烦某人 提出（建议等） 推迟，拖延容忍，忍受有待于被。 负担得起（时间，费用） 幸免于 从。中活了下来 与。失去联系 与。取得联系 与。保持联系 克服 消息传开 电话接通，完成 与。签合同 把。按顺序排好 旨在做，打算做 得出结论 使结束 往。里添加 增加，增添 阻止某人做某事 跟上，不落后 熄灭，停电 习惯做某事 过去常常做某事 被用来。 就。做演讲 以。为豪 应该 本应该 做某事而惊讶 由。组成 提出，想出 实现 4页涉及，谈到 开花，出版 偶然遇到，碰见 为。设计 允许某人做某事 允许做某事 集中精力于。 比较A和B 把A比作B 轮流做某事 与。相似对。热情对。感兴趣痴迷于。讨厌失望对。有耐心被覆盖 被分成被录取介词短语=adj/adv 位于句首或句尾much to ones surprise/amazement/disappointment in amazement/surprise/disappointment for fun in other words=that is to say=in another word at the start/end of 120with patience=patiently as result of+n / as a result on vacation at a distance / in the distance by all/any/no means 125in the 1920s out of breath/control/order/work/danger in no time / in time / on time / for the first time at a/the speed of with the aim of in the order of 130in conclusion with pride at the moment/ in a moment/ from that moment on so far=up to now=till nowon averagein fact=as a matter of fact=actually 136令某人惊讶/失望的是惊讶地/失望地为了开心换句话说在。开始结束的时候耐心地因为。/结果在度假在不远处 /在远处务必 /绝不在20世纪20年代气喘吁吁/ 失控 /出故障 /失业 /脱离危险立即/ 及时 /准时 /第一次以。速度带着。目的以。顺序总之自豪地此刻/ 一会/ 从那时起到目前为止平均事实上 必修2短语句式 班级_姓名_ 时态 过去 did 动作发生在过去一般时现在 do/does . 动作经常发生 将来 will do 动作发生在将来 过去 was doing 动作过去正在发生进行时现在 is doing 动作现在正在发生 将来 will be doing 动作将来正在发生 过去 had done 动作发生在过去之前完成时现在 has done发生在过去持续到现在将来可能继续 将来 will have done 动作将来完成词类转换 第5页p.p . = adj/ adv 表定状补to do = n/ adj/ adv . 主宾表定状补v-ing/ v-ed. = adj/ adv 表定状补状语从句 = adv (种类由连词决定) 状语定语从句 = adj 定语名词性从句= n 主宾表同位语注意下列连词 一。就。the moment, the minute, the instant,immediately, directly, as soon as, no sooner.than, hardly.when.1. Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，这样的话你就会通过考试。2. Work hard, or you will not pass the exam. 努力学习，不然的话你就不会通过考试。3. Now I work in a center for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs. 我现在在戒毒中心工作，帮助其他人戒毒。4. Having finished his homework, he went out to play basketball. . 完成工作后，他出去玩篮球了。5. The box is too heavy to carry. / He is too kind to help you. .箱子太重了，搬不动。/他很善良，会帮助你。6. It was Hayden who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna. . 正是海顿鼓励贝多芬搬到了维也纳。 7. The boy is easy to get along with. . 这个男孩很好相处。8. I think it important to learn English well. . 我认为学好英语很重要。9. He likes to sleep with the windows open. . . 他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。10. China became the third nation to send a man into space. . 中国成为第三个把人送到太空的国家。11. Mr King, whose legs were hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生，他的腿坏了，被迅速送往医院。12. Brave, good and strong,Xiulian is the character we care about most. 坚强，勇敢，善良，秀莲是我们最关心的角色。13. Unusually, it is the female characters that interest us most. 不同寻常的是，女性角色最吸引我们。动词短语1.connect A with B 2.have (a) connection with= have something to do with 3.keep fit/healthy 4.be fit for A 5.be anxious to do 6.be anxious/worried about 7.be anxious for=long for=be crazy for 8.make sure 9.would rather have done 10.would rather sb did/ had done 11.take pains to do sth =spare no effort to do sth 12.drive sb crazy 13.see/observe sb do/doing/done 14.take a deep breath=breathe deeply 15.lie in 16.pick up 17.begin with / end up with 18.put off doing sth 19.put forward 20.put up 21.put out 22.o effect/practice 23.have difficulty/ a problem in doing/with sth 24.die from/of 25.die out 26.reduce.to/by 27.reduce oneself to (doing) sth=be reduced to (doing) sth 28.addict oneself to =be/become/get addicted to 29.share sth with sb 30.belong to 31.allow sb to do sth 32.allow doing sth 33.break into tears/laughter/cheers 34.break out 35.break down 36.result in 37.result from 38.take/follow ones advice 39.give sb advice on(how to do)sth 40.ask for ones advice 41.refer to 42.be likely to do 43.disagree with 44.ban (sb from) doing sth 45.have an effect on = have an influence e into effect 47.be recognised as 48.give up (doing) sth 49.give in (to ) sb 50.be known/famous as/for/to 51.change A into B 52.change A with B 53.change A for B 54.be composed of=be made up of=consist of 55.compose oneself 56.have/show a talent for 57.go deaf/blind/wrong/hungry 58.afford (to do) sth 59.mix A with B 60.adapt oneself to 61.adopt an idea/a son 62.aim to do 63.achieve/ realise ones aim 64.observe the traffic rules 65.observe Christmas 66.get/be tired of 67.cant stand (doing) sth 68.stand for 69.be fond of 70.tell A from B 71.tell the difference between A and B 72.attempt to do sth= try to do sth 73.turn A into reality 74.take turns to do sth 75.congratulate sb on (doing) sth 76.take off 77.take up 78.take in 79.make an achievement in 80.replace A with B 81.take the place of =take ones place 82.be delighted/glad to do sth 83.believe A to e across 85.come into being 86.come out 87.concentrate ones attention on 88.fix ones eyes on 89.be founded on 90.belong to 91.be/ fall in love with 92.marry A to B 93.be/get married to 94.build( up) ones character 95.develop ones interest in 96.show/ lose interest in 97.care about 98.take care of 99. work on 100.argue sb into/out of doing sth 101.be moved to tears 102.be for/ against 103.be good for 104.be good to 105.be good at=do well in连接A 与B 与。有联系保持健康适合A 渴望做某事担心。渴望确定宁愿做过某事宁愿某人做某事尽力做某事逼得某人发疯看见某人做了/正在做/被。深呼吸在于学会，捡起，用车接送某人，加速，恢复健康以。开始/结束推迟提出举起，张贴，搭建，提供食宿扑灭执行，实施做某事有困难死于（外因/内因）灭绝减少到/了 第6页某人沦落到。沉溺于。迷上。和。分享属于允许某人做某事允许做某事突然大哭，大笑，欢呼起来爆发出故障，身体垮掉导致由。引起听从某人的建议给某人建议关于（怎样）做某事征求某人的建议指的是，参考可能做某事不一致，不符合禁止某人做某事对。有影响实施，生效被公认为。放弃（向某人）屈服作为/因为/对于。出名把A变成B交换A和B用A换B 由。组成使自己镇定有/显示。的天赋变聋/瞎/饿支付的起（时间，金钱）混合A和B使自己适应采纳意见/收养一个儿子打算做某事实现某人的目标遵守交通规则庆祝圣诞节对。厌烦不能忍受做某事代表喜欢区分A和B说出。的区别试图做某事把。变成现实轮流做某事为某事向某人表示祝贺 第7页起飞，脱掉，事业成功，休假 开始从事，占去（时间/空间）吸收，理解，欺骗在。方面取得成就用。代替。代替。很高兴做某事认为。是。偶然遇到形成/产生出版，开花，显出集中注意力于盯着看以。为根据属于爱上，喜欢把A嫁给B 与某人结婚塑造品格，磨练意志培养某人。的兴趣表现/失去对。的兴趣关心照顾致力于说服某人做/不做。被感动得哭了主张/反对。对。有好处对sb 和善/友好擅长介词短语=adj/adv 106. in connection with 107. at first/ last 108. with anxiety=anxiously 109. in pain 110. above/below normal 111. out of breath/ work 112. to begin with 113. as a result / as a result of。 114. if so/possible/any 115. for the first time 116. under the influence of 117. in ones twenties 118. in the 1930s 119. at ones best 120. to ones surprise/delight 121. from tome to time 122. on occasion 与。有关首先/终于焦虑的疼痛，在苦恼中在标准以上/以下气喘吁吁/失业首先因此 因为。如果这样/可能/有的话第一次受。影响在某人20几岁的时候在20世纪30年代处于最佳状态令某人惊讶/高兴的是偶尔/有时有时动词短语 （补充部分）take an active part in sth 1 look forward to doing sth go to collegemake mistakesmake progress 5do well in sth=be good at agree with sbmake itused to do sthbe known as 10would rather do sth than do take exercisehave no interest in doing sthencourage sb to do sthagree to do sth 15take placeprevent sb from doing sthdeal with sth follow ones advicetake care of sb 20get rid of sthdepend on sb/sthobey the rulesturn to sb for helpearn ones living 25take advantage of sthmake a differencehave difficulty in doing sthgraduate from sthpick up sth/sb 30have an influence on sthapply for sthmake up sthmake ones fortunelive/ le