浅析如何利用信息化管理体系构建建筑工程项目.doc

/ /浅析如何利用信息化管理体系构建建筑工程项目How to build a project to use information management system建筑工程项目信息化管理体系是指应用目前发达的信息技术，收集项目过程中的信息数据并进行分析，同时应用计算机网络技术制作建筑工程项目管理体系软件对项目的各个环节进行科学、全面、系统的管理，提升项目整体管理水平，最终达到服务建筑工程项目的目的。首先，我们应明确这一体系的建立的重要意义，深入研究项目信息化管理的具体内容，然后采取相应措施加强体系的构建，提升项目信息化管理的效率。一、构建建筑工程项目信息化管理体系的意义Information management system of construction project refers to the application of the advanced information technology, project to collect process data and analysis, and application of computer network technology to manufacture the architectural engineering project management system software for all aspects of the project for science, comprehensive, system management, enhance the overall management level of the project, eventually reach service construction the purpose of the project. First of all, we should be clear about the significance of the establishment of this system, the specific content of research project management information system, and then take corresponding measures to strengthen the system construction, improve the efficiency of project management information system. One, building information management system construction significance建筑工程项目信息化管理体系的构建意义重大，主要有以下几方面：（一）信息化后数据处理更加方便快捷，省去许多繁杂的人工操作，提升了管理工作效率。（二）信息技术为所有项目人员提供了共同交流沟通的平台，方便项目工作人员的协调合作，减少信息交流障碍造成的数据错误，使项目更准确和高效地进行。（三）能够从容应对建筑工程项目日益复杂的各类信息数据，对项目中的所有实时数据进行收集，方便对项目进行全盘全程监控，确保项目质量。（四）项目中的数据信息在体系中以一个完整的系统的形式得到储存，便于后期工作数据利用，可以减少项目工作的重复，节省人工和时间，使项目效益最大化。The information management system of construction project is of great significance, mainly has the following several aspects: ( a ) information after data processing is more convenient, save a lot of complex manual operation, improve the management efficiency. ( two ) provides a common communication platform of information technology for all project personnel, coordination and cooperation to facilitate the project staff, reduce communication barriers data error, make the project more accurately and efficiently. ( three ) can all take time for construction project of increasingly complex information data, the collection of all the real-time data in the project, to facilitate the overall monitoring of the project, ensure the project quality. ( four ) the project data information in the system in a complete system of the form of storage, convenient for later work data use, can reduce the project task duplication, save labor and time, so that the maximum benefit of project.二、明确体系结构，采取合理措施促进信息化管理体系的构建（一）信息数据统一化Two, a clear system structure, take reasonable measures to promote the construction of the information management system ( a ) unified information data应用计算机强大的数据存储的优势，将工程项目前期准备的各种数据、资料，施工过程中进度安排，相关合同、文档，施工图纸等信息数据进行扫描，按相关标准统一后录入计算机，为整个工程项目提供数据支持。而建筑工程项目信息化管理体系的构建关键在于实现数据信息共享，将信息数据数字化、统一化，可以使不同系统的信息数据能够被共享。要实现信息数据的统一，主要需要从业务模型的建立和项目相关文档的规范这两个方面来实施。第一，业务模型的建立是信息数据统一的基础。业务模型的建立需要建筑学这一领域的专家和计算机领域的建模人才按照相关原则，应用计算机技术中的建模技术对整个项目进行分析，并满足整个项目的需要。建筑工程的业务模型的建立专业性极强，需要建筑领域的专家参与对项目相关流程的分析。同时为了让用户更容易理解和使用模型，需要首先明确项目相关的具体流程和信息的需求，再者便是信息数据的统一，保证信息得以共享。第二，规范相当文档的操作和存储。建设项目中的数据复杂多样，许多工作人员操作习惯不一样，使得文档的格式多种多样，不利于统一管理和利用。所以，我们应制定相应统一的电子文档的格式，最终得到相对统一规范的文档档案。项目的业务模型的建立和相关文档的格式的规范化，可以使得项目各类数据相对统一，便于项目管理，提升项目管理工作的效率。Application of computer data storage advantages, the project data, the data preparation, schedule the construction process, the relevant contracts, documents, drawings and other information to scan data, the computer according to the related standard unified entry, to provide data support for the whole project. The key lies in the realization of data sharing in information management system of construction project, the information data digitization, integration, can make the information data of different systems can be shared. In order to realize the unified information data, mainly from the establishment and business project model related documentation standards in these two areas to implement. First, the establishment of business model is the basic information data unification. Business model modeling talent needs experts and computer field in the field of architecture in accordance with the relevant principles, modeling technology of application of computer technology in the analysis of the entire project, and to meet the needs of the entire project. The business model of architectural engineering building is highly professional, expert analysis of construction needs participation of project related process. At the same time in order to allow users to more easily understand and use the model, we first need to define specific processes and information relating to the project demand, moreover is the unity of information and data, ensure that information can be shared. Second, standardize operation and storage of a document. Construction projects in the complex data, many staff operating habits are not the same, the document format is varied, not conducive to the unified management and use. Therefore, we should formulate corresponding electronic document unified format, finally be relatively normative document archives. Standardized building business model projects and related document format, can make the projects of various types of data relatively uniform, easy to improve the efficiency of project management, project management.（二）信息化管理的集成( two ) the integrated information management建筑工程项目信息化管理体系涵盖内容复杂，由许多分支系统构成，要想实现对信息化的更好管理，需要对其进行集成。这个过程需要按照项目的相关要求，将项目中的各个分析结构、系统用当前科学有效的方法进行集成，组建一个完整体系。根据目前建筑工程项目的相关特点，一般将项目信息化理管理的集成分为数据、业务过程和平台这三个方面。数据集成是指将各类数据按要求进行分类记录，同时将数据的元模型确定，这是整个项目流程完成集成的基础。而在进行业务过程的集成时，项目的相关部门需要进行对各分支系统的定义、管理等，进而达到有效控制成本，节省时间，提升整个项目效益的最终目的。平台集成指的是为信息化管理系统的各个部门或者分系统的不同的软硬件设施建立统一的操作平台，便于项目相关各方协调工作，使项目进程顺利进行，提升项目的整体的进度。Construction project information management system covering complex, composed of many branch system, to achieve a better management of information, need to be integrated. This process needs to be in accordance with the relevant requirements of the project, the project analysis, system structure with the effective method of current scientific integration, form a complete system. According to the characteristics of the construction project, the integrated project information management for the three aspects of the data, business process and platform. Data integration refers to all kinds of data classification of records according to the requirements, at the same time will determine the element data, this is the whole project process integration. And in the business process integration, the relevant departments of the project required in the branch system definition, management, so as to effectively control costs, save time, improve the final purpose of project benefit. Platform integration refers to the establishment of a unified operation platform for the various departments of information management systems or systems with different software and hardware facilities, convenient for project related parties coordination work, make the project progress smoothly, improve project overall progress.（三）采用数据库技术( three ) using the technology of database信息技术的快速发展，使得计算机对于数据不只是单纯的科学计算，更能够进行数据的查询和更新等相关处理程序。在这一进步改进过程中，计算机的数据库技术在建筑工程的项目信息化管理中得到应用。这一应用可以将项目建设的整个过程的所有数据建立一个完备的数据库，便于工程建设中对于数据的统一需求和调用。并且随着数据库技术的飞速发展，数据库技术已具备多种符合相关要求的功能和应用。同时数据库的相关特性，是建筑工程项目信息化管理采用这一技术的原因。其特性有：1、不但对数据自身进行描述，还对数据间的关联做出描述，应用的是复杂的结构化的数据信息模型。2、数据的高独立性，使得其他计算机的其他构件不会影响用户对于数据的使用。3、数据的低重复率，可以减少数据空间的浪费，利于更多数据的存储和相关数据的处理速度。4、控制数据，可以保证数据库中数据的安全，避免数据的丢失；同时具有即使数据被丢失或破坏仍能被还原的功能。以上这些数据库的特性可以使项目信息化管理更加合理规范，利于其体系的构建The rapid development of information technology, make the computer for data not only scientific computing, more capable of data query and update processing program. In this progress in the improvement process, applied project computer database technology in the construction of the informatization management. This application will establish a complete database of all data of the whole process of project construction, convenient construction process for the unity of demand and call data. And with the development of database technology, database technology has a variety of functions and meet the application requirements. Correlation characteristics at the same time database, is the cause of construction project information management by using this technology. Its characteristics are: 1, not only to the data itself is described, also made a description of the correlation between the data, is the application of information model of complex structured. High independence 2, data, allowing other members will not affect other users for data using computer. 3, the data of low repetition rate, can reduce the waste of data space, processing speed more for data storage and data. 4, control data, can ensure data security, to avoid data loss; at the same time has even if data is lost or destroyed can still be restore function. Characteristics of these databases can make the project information management more reasonable standard, construction of the system（四）利用计算机的网络通信( four ) using the network communication of computer计算机通过互联网等方式实现网络通信，将不同地方的不同的计算机客户终端以及相关设备中的数据资源实现共通互享。计算机的网络通信可以实现各计算机用户终端的信息交流、对分散在不同地域的不同的项目部门等统一调控和共同利用相关的资源信息，并且可以保证这些过程的可靠度。同时，计算机的网络通信可以具备数据、视频、图片画面等资料的传送功能，并且速度迅速，安全可靠。计算机的网络通信作为实现建筑工程项目信息化管理的重要环节，需要满足整个项目信息化管理的功能的需求。Computer network communication through the Internet and other computer client terminal, will be different in different places and related equipment of data resources to achieve common share. The network communication of computer can realize the computer user terminal information exchange, on the dispersion of unified regulation in different regions of the different project department and common use of the resource information, and can ensure the reliability of these processes. At the same time, transfer function of network communication of computer can have data, video, picture data, and the speed of fast, safe and reliable. The network communication of computer as the important part of the construction project information management, meet the needs of the entire project information management function demand.社会经济迅速发展，生活水平逐渐提高，人们对于建筑的功能要求更加丰富明确，故而建筑工程项目的规模越发巨大、建设施工的要求越来越高，致使建筑工程项目的建设难度和管理强度增大。信息化在建筑工程项目管理的应用，将项