高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Making the news精品学案 新人教版必修5.doc

2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：unit4 making the news（新人教版必修5）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1. concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于【归纳拓展】concentrate ones mind/ attention on （upon） 把注意力集中在同义词组：fix one s attention onfocus onbe absorbed in 如果指较长时间的全心全意做某事，用下面短语：put ones heart into sth. devote oneself to sth. /doing sth. concentrated adj. 极度的，紧张的，浓缩的concentrated study/hate/effort 紧张的学习/强烈的仇恨/专心致志的努力concentrated fire 集中的火力concentrated food 浓缩食品concentration n. 集中， 专心with deep concentration专心i cant concentrate (on my studies) with all that noise going on. 吵闹声不绝于耳, 我精神无法集中（于学习）.we must concentrate our efforts on improving education. 我们必须致力于改进教育工作 having failed my french exams, i decided to concentrate on science subjects. 我因法语考试不及格而决心专攻理科this firm concentrates on the european market. 这公司把工作重点集中在欧洲市场【即境活用】（1）_ your study if you want to catch up with the class. （答案： put your heart into/concentrate your mind on）（2）he _ helping the people in need. he set a good example to us. (答案： devoted himself to)2 inform vt.告知；通知 please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址若有变更请尽快通知我们。 we regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。 please keep me fully informed of any developments.事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。的承受者，故选b。4case n.事；事例 case 的义项比较多，可作“情形；场合；状况；事实；实情；案件；诉讼；病症；病例”讲 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as the case stands 在目前的情况下，就现有的情况而论 in this / that case 如果是这样那样的话 in any case 无论如何，总之 in case (that)-clause 假使。如果，万一 in case of 万一，如果发生 (just)in case 以防(万一) (引导虚拟语气) in most cases 在大多数情况下take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很厉害，你就把帽子戴上 in case of rain they cant go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了 this is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 这只是个愚蠢的例子,并非不诚实 the police have a clear case against the prisoner. 警察有充足的事实对付那个囚犯 in this case im acting for my friend mr smith. 我在这次诉讼中代表我的朋友史密斯的利益【即境活用】1. as you can imagine, everything in our school is_ . (状况良好)2. _(如果) snow, you must put on your heavy coat. 3. you shouldnt speak in class. _(如果是那样的话), you cant hear what the teacher says. 4. you shouldnt get angry with your teacher_(无论如何).5. _(决不) can you hurt our feeling as well as friendship. 6. the naughty girl made a face in class yesterday, _(正如往常那样). 7. you should take some measures _(根据具体的情况). 8. everything here is normal _(就目前的情况而言). 9. your article is well written _(就所有情况而言).10. the little girl hid the story book _(以防) her teacher would see it.(答案: 1. in good case 2. in case of 3. in that case 4. in any case 5. in no case 6. as is often / usually the case 7. as the case may be 8. as the case stands 9. in all case 10. in case)4accuse vt. accused, accusing 控告；指控 1). 表示因某事而控告、指控、指责某人，通常用accuse sb of (doing) sth，其中的介词of doing sth不能改为for doing sth，也不能换成to do sth。2）. 其后不能接that从句或动名词作宾语，如不能将“他们控告他受贿”译作 they accused (him) that he took bribes. / they accused his taking bribes. 可改作they accused him of taking bribes. 3）. 若表示“指控某人为”，则用介词as：they accused him as an accomplice. 他们指控他为从犯4）. the accused指“被告”，可指一人或多人，用作主语时，谓语视具体情况使用单数或复数：the accused was a girl. 被告是个女孩。/ two of the accused were sentenced to imprisonment. 有两个被告被判监禁the police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀 the police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗窃罪 mary was accused as an accomplice. 玛丽被指控为同谋犯【归纳比较】accuse/charge两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同accuse v.指控，控诉，与介词of连用。the police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盗窃罪。charge v.可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用the police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了谋杀罪in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管下charge sb. with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管【即境活用】改错1）the police accused him for theft. 2）he was accused for an accomplice.3）the accuser was acquitted.（答案：1）theft改为stealing 2） for改为as 3) the accuser was 改为the accused were.）5deny vt. denied, denying 否认；否定；拒绝相信 deny的意思还有“背弃；摒弃 拒绝；不给；不予；不允许” deny oneself 自制；克己；舍弃deny doing(否认做过某事)；deny sb. sth(拒绝给某人某物)deny+that从句he said that i had stolen his bicycle, but i denied it. 他说我偷了他的自行车，可是我否认了he denied his country. 他背弃了自己的国家he denies his wife nothing. 他对他的妻子有求必应 【归纳比较】deny /decline /refuse /reject 都含“拒绝”的意思 deny指“坚定地否认某事为真实的”,如: he denied the charge. 他否认了控告 decline 指“较正式地、有礼貌地谢绝”,如: he declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。主要用于拒绝有关社交活动的邀请或要求帮助的请求，后接名词或动词不定式，主语只能是人 i invited her to join us, but she declined.我邀请她和我们在一起，可是她婉言谢绝了refuse 系普通用语,指“坚决、果断或坦率地(不友善地)拒绝”, 如: he refused to take the money. 他拒绝接受此款 reject指“以否定、敌对的态度而当面拒绝”(指通过抛弃或送走、专横地拒绝), 主语可以是人或物，后接名词，不能接动词不定式。如: they rejected damaged goods. 他们拒收损坏的货物。he asked her to go to the movies three times, and each time she rejected him.他三次约她去看电影，但每一次都被拒绝【即境活用】if your race car isnt insured, you may losing everything when it hits something solid.a. delay b. deny c. avoid d. risk（答案d）6. demand n. 要求；vt. 强烈要求 there have been demands for the prime minister to resign.已有许多人要求首相辞职。 after school tom demanded help from /of me. 放学后，汤姆要求我帮助。 she demanded that i (should) tell everything to her about it .她要求我把知道的整个事情都告诉她【重点短语】1. demand on 依靠；依赖 he depend on his parents to take care of the children.他依靠父母照顾孩子。 children depend on their parents for food and clothing.孩子们依靠父母供给衣食。 - is he coming? 他来吗？-that depends. he may not have time. 那要看情况。他不一定有时间。2. ahead of adv., adj. 在前；向前；提前 【归纳拓展】ahead of, 注意以下用法：(1) 指时间或空间的“在之前”：he is always ahead of the age. 他总是走在时代的前面。(2) 表示“比强 (高)” (主要用作表语)：hes ahead of me in english. 他的英语比我强。he is two classes ahead of me. 他比我高两班。(3) 用于 ahead of time, 意为“提前”或“提早”：the work was done ahead of time. 工作提前完成了。he didnt want go there ahead of time. 他不想提前去那儿。有时用于 ahead of schedule：walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河边 the road ahead was full of cattle. 前面的路上挤满了牛群 owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time. 由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了he left one day ahead of me. 他比我早走一天。ahead of us is a river. 我们前面是一条河【即学即用】他提前完成了工作。（汉译英）_（答案：he finished his job ahead of schedule.）3.so as to 目的是，以便【归纳拓展】so as to 意为“为了，目的是”后接动词原形，在句中作目的状语，其否定形式为so as not to do sth.,可以转化成so that引导的目的状语从句。另外，in order to也可以做目的状语，但是so as to和so that引导的目的状语不可置于句首，且so that 目的状语从句的谓语动词常含有can, could, may, might等词1）she got up early in order to（so as to）catch the early bus. 为了赶上早班车，她起得很早 in order to catch the early bus, she got up early.2）he spoke loudly so as to be heard.他大声说话，以便让人听到【即境活用】 （1）tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. aso not as to bso as not to cso as to not dnot so as to （2）she searched the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock. ato have rested bresting cto rest drest答案：（1）b （2）c【重点句型】1. never will zhou yang (zy) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular english newspaper.周扬将永远不会忘记在一家流行的英语报社的第一次任务。not only am i interested in photography, but i took an amateur course at university to update my skills对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。 never before has our country been as united as it is .现在我们的国家空前团结。 not only does he know french ,but also he is an expert at it.他不仅懂法语，而且很精通。 seldom does he go to the park at weekends. 在周末，他很少去公园。2. his discussion with his new boss,hu xin (hx),was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。be to do 在句中表示后来发生的事，常翻译为“注定会。，一定。”。 if we are to be there on time ,wed better go now.如果我们想按时到哪儿，我们最好现在就走。 the meeting is to be held this afternoon.会议今天下午举行。 i was about to leave when it began to rain.我正要离开，这时开始下雨了。【热点难点全析】倒装英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。把谓语动词提前，就叫倒装。如果把全部谓语放在主语之前，叫全部倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。倒装结构通常用于下列场合：i. 全部倒装1. 用于there be句型。例如：there are many students in the classroom. 2. 用于“here（there，now，then）+不及物动词+主语”的句型中，或以out，in，up，down，away等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。例如： here comes the bus. there goes the bell. now comes your turn. out went the children. 注意：代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。例如： here it is here he comes. 3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常常引起全部倒装。例如： south of the city lies a big steel factory. from the valley came a frightening sound. 4. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语连系动词主语” 1）形容词+连系动词+主语 present at the meeting were professor white，professor smith and many other guests. 2）过去分词+连系动词+主语 gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the chinese people. 3）介词短语+be+主语 among the goods are christmas trees，flowers，candles and toys. 5. 用于以so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致例如： he has been to beijing. so have i. li wei cant answer the question. neither can i. 6. 为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时 they arrived at a farmhouse，in front of which sat a small boy. inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms. . 部分倒装1. 用于疑问句。例如： do you speak english? 2. 省略了if的条件句中，were，had或should可提到句首构成部分倒装例如： were i not so busy，i should go with you. had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match. 3. 在so.that（如此以致于）句型中，若so.提至句首，则构成部分倒装 so carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself. so loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him. 4. 用于“形容词（或名词、动词）+as（though）”引导的让步状语从句中。例如： pretty as she is，she is not clever. try as he would，he might fail again. 注意：1）在as（though）引导的让步状语从句中，如果主语较长. 也可实行全部倒装。例如： difficult as was the chemistry homework，it was finished in me. 2）如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词例如： child as he was，he had to make a living. 5. 用于no sooner. than.，hardly.when和not until句型中，no sooner，hardly，not until置于句首时，句子倒装。例如： not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 6. 用于以never，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，little, often not only，not once等词开头的句子例如： never shall i do this again. little did he know who the woman was. 7. 用于only开头的句子（only后面为副词、介词短语或句子）例如： only this afternoon did i finish the novel. only in this way can you master english. 如果only后面的词组不是状语，则不用倒装，例如： only wang ling knows this. 8. 如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，用倒装结构；主语是代词时，一般不用倒装：例如：“lets go，”said the man. 9. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子：例如： may you succeed!祝你成功!long live the people!人民万岁！ may you all be happy!祝你们幸福!【典型例题1. not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it athe teacher himself is；all his students are bthe teacher himself is ；are all his students cis the teacher himself ；are all his students dis the teacher himself ；all his students are 【解析】选d包含not onlybut（also）结构的句子，如果not only置于句首，not only所在句子要形成部分倒装，but（also）后面的句子不要倒装2. david has made great progress recently _，and _ aso he has；so you have bso he has；so have you cso has he；so have you dso has he；so you have 【解析】选b。前半部分意为“他的确如此”，对以上事实进一步肯定；后半部分意为“你也是如此”，属于部分倒装。 3. only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system ayou can hope byou did hope ccan you hope ddid you hope 【解析】选c。本题中only置于句首修饰介词短语，引起句子部分倒装。因为句意表达的是一种条件，所以使用助动词did不合题意 【语法专练】1. in no city of china _ little about the economic development.athe government caresbdoes the government carecdoesnt the government care dthe government doesnt care2. in no place other than britain _ experience four seasons in a single day.a. you can b. people can c. can one d. can it3. _ that marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere. a. so successful her business was b. so successful was her businessc. so her business was successful d. so was her successful business4. _ was leisure generally considered a waste of time. a. not until recentlyb. not recentlyc. until recently d. recently until5. the child tiptoed quietly to the bird, _ into the forest when he was about to catch it.a. flew it awayb. away flew itc. away it flewd. flew away it答案：15 bcbac【高考零距离】1（2012江苏卷i t32）32never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as robert.ahad shebshe hadchas shedshe has【解析】选c。考点：部分倒装。句首有关键词never，否定词提前到句首，句子部分倒装。排除b,d。再根据句子时态，应用现在完成时，故选c。在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒的时候，他立刻从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰phone call，前后动词的动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的形式。选c。2（2012辽宁i t32）32. not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad. a. he had considered b. had he considered c. he considered d. did he consider【解析】选d。特殊句式倒装。not until位于句首时句子要倒装，consider having a holiday abroad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。3.（2011全国卷i t28）only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in last yearahe realized bhe did realizecrealized he ddid he realize【解析】选d。考查倒装。当only跟状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语的前面。此处only跟时间状语从句when he reached the tea-house位于句首，所以用部分倒装。故选d。4.（2011湖南卷 t32）only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision. a. they reached b. did they reach c. they reach d. do they reach 【解析】选b。考查倒装结构。句意：讨论这个问题数小时后他们才作出决定。“only+状语从句”置句首时，主句的主谓要进行部分倒装，即可排除a、c。根据前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选b。5.（2011新课标全国卷 t28）only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in last yearahe realized bhe did realizecrealized he ddid he realize【解析】选d。考查倒装。当only跟状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语的前面。此处only跟时间状语从句when he reached the tea-house位于句首，所以主句用部分倒装。故选d。6.（2010辽宁卷t23）jim went to answer the phone. _, harry started to prepare lunch.a. however b. nevertheless c. besides d. meanwhile【解析】选d句意：吉姆去接电话，与此同时，哈里开始准备午餐。解析：考查副词用法。前后两个句子是相同的语义关系，在时间上表示同时，所以用meanwhile。7.（2010江苏卷t33） is everyone here? not yetlook , there_ the rest of our guests!a. come b. comes c. is coming d. are coming【解析】选a 倒装句 谓语动词根据后面的主语8.（2010江西卷t33）not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.a did he begin b had he begun c he began d he had begun【解析】选a考察倒装。not until放在句首要用部分倒装, 翻译为直到, 所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生9.(2009福建卷）for a moment nothing happened then all shouting together. a. voices had come b. came voicesc. voices would come d. did voices come【解析】选b 副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句，选b 10.（2009陕西卷）little about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.a. did rose care b. rose did care c. rose does care d. does rose care 【解析】选a little是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选a【考点提升训练】一、听力（略）二、单项选择21. （2012山西太原五中4月月考）hello,mr wang.there is mr smith waiting for you at school gate.a a ;the b ;the ca ; d;22.although she begged her father over and over again, he still didnt_ her marriage. a. depend on b. put forwardc. watch out d. approve of23. 【2012届河北省普通高考模拟】23-dad，can we go to the shop？i want to buy some sweets 一_cant you see im busy at the moment?a. take it easy b. no problem c. forget it d. dont mention it24. you may_ it that he will turn up and offer help in time. a. decide on b. depend onc. answer for d. see to25. （2011绍兴模拟）the school is giving most of these children hope for the future by providing them a chance to_ knowledge. a. require b. acquirec. achieve d. discover26. _ make our city green, we must plant more trees. a. in order to b. so as to c. in order that d. in order not to27. - hes made _ progress that his parents must be pleased with him.- _.a. so great; so he has b. such great; so has hec. so much; so he has d. so much; so has he28. peter has been busy these days and seldom _ to come over to have a chat with me. a. doesnt he have time b. does he have timec. he has time d. he hasnt time29her father will never_ her marrying to the old man with lots of money. a. approve of b. admitc. allow d. agree30. the pirates said that they would make their demands “at a later time”.a. know b. known c. knew d. knowing31. your paper carefully, some mistakes could have been avoided.aif you had checkedbif you have checkedchaving checked dcheck- why are you in such a hurry, jane?32. you_ part in the party on time. sorry，i was delayed by the accident. a. are supposed to takeb. have supposed to takec. are supposed to have takend. supposed to take33. it displeases my parents when richard and i stay out late at night. my parents dont approve _.a. of richard and me staying out late at night b. of me and richard staying out late at nightc. to richards and my staying out late at night d. when richard and nm stay out !ate at night34. why dont you try the way suggested by miss liu?i did, but _ didnt help at all. a. sheb. whichc. we d. it35. we _ there when it _ to rain. a. would get; began b. were getting; would beginc. were about to get; began d. had got; had begun三、完形填空