陕西省白水县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解摸底选练（1）.docVIP

陕西白水县2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）摸底选练（1）阅读理解。marie curie was a polish physicist and chemist who lived between 18671934.together with her husband，pierre，she discovered two new elements (radium and polonium，two radioactive elements that they extracted chemically from pitchblended ore) and studied the xrays they emitted.she found that the harmful properties of xrays were able to kill tumors.by the end of world war ，marie curie was probably the most famous woman in the world.she had made a conscious decision，however，not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.marie curie was born on november 7,1867 in poland and died on july 4,1934.her codiscovery with her husband pierre curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the bestknown stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the nobel prize in physics.in 1911，marie curie was honored with a second nobel prize，this time in chemistry，to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radiums atomic weight.as a child，marie curie amazed people with her great memory.she learned to read when she was only four years old.her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated marie.she dreamed of becoming a scientist，but that would not be easy.her family became very poor，and at the age of 18，marie became a governess.she helped pay for her sister to study in paris.later，her sister helped marie with her education.in 1891，marie attended the sorbonne university in paris where she met and married pierre curie，a wellknown physicist.marie curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of xrays.she received two nobel prizes for her brilliant work，but died of leukaemia，caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive materials.36what is the main idea of the passage?ato give us a general introduction to madame curie. bto show us how madame curie discovered radium.cto tell us how madame curie developed as a scientist.dto tell us how madame curie received two nobel prizes.37madame curie was given the nobel prize in chemistry because _.ashe discovered radiumbshe separated pure radium and calculated its atomic weightcshe discovered poloniumdshe didnt patent methods of processing radium38which of the following statements about madame curie is not true?amadame curie made great contributions to medical science.bmadame curie was very smart and ambitious when she was a child.cmadame curie received two nobel prizes in physics.dmadame curies husband helped her a lot in her research.39we can infer from the third paragraph that _.madame curie got married when she was at college.madame curie had a great ambition when she was young.madame curie loved teaching more than anything else.madame curie must have met a lot of difficulties to get high education.her father had a great influence on madame curies future career.madame curie was very smart when she was a child.a bc d40which is the right order about madame curie according to the passage?amarried pierrebattended universitycdiscovered radiumddetermined radiums atomic weightewon the nobel prize in physicsab，c，a，d，e bb，a，c，d，ecb，a，c，e，d db，c，a，e，d36a主旨大意题。通读全文可知。37b细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句话可知答案。38c根据第二段内容可知居里夫人两次获得诺贝尔奖，第二次是诺贝尔化学奖。39b推理判断题。根据第一、二句话可知居里夫人非常聪明；第三句可知居里夫人的父亲对她有很大影响；第四句可知她有很大的抱负；根据第五句话可知她所遇到的困难。她当家庭教师只是由于家庭贫穷；根据最后一句话可知她在上大学期间遇到了其丈夫，但结婚不一定是在求学期间。40c细节理解题。根据全文可知答案为c项。阅读理解。getting into the cityfrom john f. kennedy international airportqueens:（718)244-4444distance to midtown:15 milestime to midtown:50-60 minuteshours of operation:24travelers aid:(718)656-4870mta-new york city transit authority130 livingston st., brooklyn 11201;(718)330-1234, . buses from the airport connect with subway stops in queens and brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from jfk terminals to the a line; the q3 bus goes to the f line; and the b15 goes to the 3 line. also, the q10, operated by green bus lines(718 995-4700), connects to the e,f, j, and z lines. bus/ subway fare is 1.5, paid in exact change, with a token, or with a metrocard. reader card#67.ad on p.43.new york airport service(718)8758200, . operates bus shuttle every 2030 minutes to nycs penn station, port authority, and grand central terminal(13) and to manhattan hotels between 33rd and 57th sts. (15). reader card #230. ad on p.25.supershuttle5215 11th st., long island city, queens 11101;(212)2097000,(800)2583826, . doortodoor transportation, 24 hours, 365 days. look for the blue van. reader card #123. ad on p.39.1. if you want to know more about the metrocard, you can .a. visit .b. telephone (212)2097000 or (800) 2583826c. read the ad on page 43 of the bookd. visit 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。广告类的文章，可运用查读法。题干对metrocard提问，查找文章的new york city transit authority部分，发现最后的内容提到了metrocard，并且从最后一句话 “reader card#67.ad on p.43.”可知，答案为c。2. what do you know about new york city subway lines from the reading?a. they supply door to door transportation.b. they are directly connected with the airport.c. they run 24 hours, 365 days, marked with colors.d. they are marked with either numbers or letters. 答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。本题需要细看文章，先定位题干的 “new york city subway lines”, 而后从文章的 “new york city transit authority” 部分看到 “subway stops in queens and brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from jfk terminals to the a line; the q3 bus goes to the f line; and the b15 goes to the 3 line. also, the q10, connects to the e,f, j, and z lines.”, 其中，“a line”、“the f line” 和 “3 line.” 都是地铁线路，有字母和数字，故答案为d。 3. suppose you want to get to a manhattan hotel in 23rd street from the airport, youd better .a. take a bus shuttleb. take a bus by green bus linec. take supershuttled. take a subway 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。要从机场去manhattan hotel in 23rd street，查读第二部分, 在new york airport service中提到了manhattan hotels，接下来的supershuttle介绍了5215 11th st., long island city,” 故答案为c。 阅读理解 a caring mother is the single most important factor in preventing teenagers from abusing(滥用)drugs and alcohol，researchers said on friday. an international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems，and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them. “these findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”said dr.mcardle，of newcastle university in northern england,who led the study.“they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”the report,which is published in the journal addiction,involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in england, ireland, italy，germany and the netherlands.they were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol.the teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,how well they were supervised(监护)after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home. “both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on youth drug use,”mcardle said in a statement.but he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits.the rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mother was 16.6 percent.if either factor was missing ,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percentmore than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mother used drugs drug prevention campaigns in british schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but mcardle said no one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.1.the phrase“maternal bond”refers to_a.the education of mothers b.the supervision of mothers on children c. whether the mother uses drugsd.the guidance of schools on mothers 答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义推断题，考生需结合上下文才能解答此题。从第一段最后一句话 “and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.”和第二段dr.mcardle讲的第二句话 “they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”可以推断出来，“maternal bond” 指的是 “母亲对孩子的管束”。2.according to mcardle,which is most likely to have the drug abuse problem?a.16-year-old tom from a happy big family b.17-year-old kate supervised by her single motherc.18-year-old juliet living with her single fatherd.19-year-old mark cared by his parents.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。注意题干所问的是 “在mcardle看来，哪种情况的青少年最有可能吸毒？” 从第二段dr.mcardle讲的第一句话 “these findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”可知a、d选项不可选；从dr.mcardle讲的第二句话 “they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.” 可知b选项不可选；只有c选项 “和单身父亲一起生活的juliet” 最有可能吸毒。故答案为c。3which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?a.teenagers with both parents wont have the drug use problem.b.teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaire.c.teenagers were asked about their relationship with parentsd.teenagers in british schools are warned against drugs abuse.答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。从第二段 “involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in england, ireland, italy，germany and the netherlands.”可知b选项被提到了；从第二段最后一句话 “the teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,”可知c选项被提到了；从最后一段 “drug prevention campaigns in british schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol”可知d 选项也被提到了。故答案为a。4.the last paragraph suggests that_.a.schools should answer for the drug problem b.television and media are to blamec.parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem d.mothers are the cause of youth drug use答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。从最后一段 “but mcardle said no one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.”可知，答案为c。阅读理解。living in the wild can be hard.finding food and staying safe arent easy.each day，animals struggle to survive in their habitats.not all animals get by on their own.some animals form a close partnership with other kinds of animals.these pairings are called symbiotic (共生的) relationships.in a symbiotic relationship，the animals depend on each other.one animal helps the other meet its needs.sounds good，right? not always.some animals are not very kind to their partners.in some cases，one animal meets its needs but hurts its partner.take ticks，for example.these insects suck blood to live.to get blood，they attach themselves to other kinds of animals.ticks can pass germs that cause disease instead of helping their hosts.in other relationships，animals dont treat their partners so poorly.both animals benefit from living with the other animals.small animals called cleaner shrimps have found a way of helping fish at coral reefs.as their name suggests，the shrimps clean the fish.they hang out at what scientists call a cleaning station.a fish stops by.then a shrimp climbs onto the fish and even steps into the fishs mouth.the shrimp uses its tiny claws to pick stuff off the fishs body.that can include dead skin，tiny pieces of food，and wee creatures that can hurt the fish.the fish gets a nice cleaning.the shrimp enjoys a tasty meal of fish trash.small birds called plovers are also in the cleaning business.they have big customerscrocodiles.crocs have long snouts (鼻子) filled with sharp teeth.cleaning them is tricky.when a croc opens its mouth，the plover hops right in.the croc does not snap its snout shut.instead，it lets the plover eat small，harmful animals attached to the crocodiles teeth.the plover gets an easy meal while t