新概念英语二级第7课笔记.doc

detective n. 侦探detective story 侦探小说airport n. 机场airfield n. 飞机起落的场地port 港口；airport 航空港at the airport 在机场field 田野；airfield 停机坪on the airfield 在停机坪上expect v. 期待, 等待（心理上的等待）They are expecting guests tonight. 今晚有人要去他们那里作客。expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait for 主要接续“等待”这个动作本身。expect sth.I expect a letter from Jimmy.expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事I expect you to write back.wait for sth./sb. 动作上的等待I wait for my mother.valuable adj. 贵重的precious adj. 珍贵的value n.&v. 价值；valuable adj.有价值的sth.is valuable/sth.is preciousprecious adj. 珍贵的（带有一定的感情色彩）precious photo 珍贵的照片-less 表否定;priceless adj. 没有价格的, 无价的valueless adj. 没有价值, 不足道的worthless adj. 无价值的diamond n. 钻石diamond ring 钻石戒指precious stone 宝石；crystal 水晶；jade 玉steal（stole，stolen） v. 偷 vt.&vi. 偷盗，行窃英语中“偷”用steal和rob 来表达，宾语是物，用steal；宾语是人，用rob；跟地点相连，也用robsteal sth. 偷(某物)My wallet was stolen.John never steals. 约翰从不偷东西。rob sb. 抢(某人)I was robbed.rob the bankmain adj. 主要的main building；main street；main sentence；main ideamain不能与人连用guard n. 警戒, 守卫life guard 救生员body guard 保镖keep guard 守望，警戒They kept a close guard over the thieves. 他们对小偷们严加看管。stand guard 站岗，放哨1、The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.all 一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语，如：all day，all night，all week，all winter，all year 等。但不说all hour。whole在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词，如a whole day/year，two whole weeks。The plane was late 飞机晚(点)了The bus was late./The train was late.detectives 没有强调一些侦探或者那些侦探, 强调侦探这种人，笼统感念, 可不加some, the2、They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.a valuable parcel of diamondsSouth Africa 南非3、A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.a few hours earlier 几个小时以前would +do 过去将来时,间接方式, 转述, 站在过去看未来4、When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.代词others常常和some连用，表示“有些（人），也有些（人）”或“有的，其余的”onethe other 一个另一个someothers 一些另一些Some students are very hard-working, others are not.others=other+名词复数5、Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.take sth. off=take sth. away fromCustoms House 海关6、While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, theprecious parcel was full of stones and sand!were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.表面上是分工, 两个动作同时发生, 不是同时开始同时结束, 延续时间不一致, 长一点时间的动作用进行时态, 短时间的动作用过去时.When someone knocked at the door, I was having dinner.keep guard 守卫They kept a close guard over the thieves.at the door 在门边(固定搭配)two others=two other detectivesto ones surprise,让某人惊讶的是To my surprise, the teacher was late.To ones +表达人情绪的名词to ones joyto ones excitementbe full of .装满【Key structures】过去进行时过去进行时的构成：be的过去式+现在分词过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词when，while，as，just as等引导。when，while 当时候（强调动作同时发生）while+从句, 动词一定是延续性动词when+延续性动词/瞬间动词while 能用when 代替，但是when 却不一定能用while 代替。while 通常只引导持续时间较长的动作，并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时，而when 和as一般不这么用。John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.when 也可以引导比较短暂的动作，while和as则一般不行。We were having supper when the lights went out.过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all morning，all night，all day，all evening，the wholeweek等，表示这段时间一直在干什么。What were you doing all evening? I couldnt find you anywhere.过去动作同时发生的时态 过去两个动作同时发生, 习惯上一个用一般过去时, 另一个用过去进行时；动作长用过去进行时,动作短用一般过去时; 分工的情况, 动作的开始时间和结束时间几乎相同, 均用过去进行时;I was listening to the radio, my sister was dancing.When my mother was doing the housework, my father was watching TV. 两个动作在同时段进行, 在不同时间结束, 先发生的动作未结束, 另一个动作发生, 先发生的动作用进行时态, 另一个动作用过去时.When I was opening the door, the telephone rang.先开门When the telephone was ringing, I opened the door. 电话先响 瞬间动词（如：arrive）没有进行时态, 所以两个动作同时发生, 延续性动词用进行时态, 瞬间动词使用过去时态.When he arrived, I was having dinner.I am arriving 进行时态表示将要短语动词中的小品词许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义，这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。它们没有词形的变化。有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。判断一个小品词是副词还是介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。