北鼎-北外考研英语专业翻译笔记词组翻译.pdf

全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 2014 年年 北鼎教育北鼎教育 北京外国语大学北京外国语大学 英语专业翻译笔记英语专业翻译笔记 词组翻译词组翻译 1 all 抽象名词 抽象名词 itself very adj He was all gentleness to her 他对她非常温存 To his superiors he is humility itself 对于长辈 他极为谦逊 分析 该结构原来是表示某种性质达到极点的一种说法 有 非常 尽管 一味 尽 的含义 有时甚至可以译为 的化身 的具体化 普通复数名词用于 all 之后 也是表达这种概 念 He is all smiles 他一味地笑 She is all eyes 她盯着看 I am all anxiety 我真担心 He is all attention 他全神贯注地听着 2 Something much of nothing little of Mr Li is something of a philospher 李先生略具哲学家风范 Mr Wu is nothing of a musician 吴先生全无音乐家的风味 Mr Lu is very much of a poet 陆先生大有诗人气派 Mr Liu is little of a scholar 刘先生几无学者风度 分析 此为表示 程度 的形容词短语 有时可以当作副词翻译 Something of to some extent 某程度 在问句和条件句中 则用 anyting of 略有 多少 nothing of 译作 全无 毫无 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 相类似的情况 to be something of to have something of 名词 in 代 名词 He is nothing in ability of an orator He has nothing of an orator in his ability 他毫无演说家的才能 这类名词的用法 可以处理为副词 He has seen something of life 他略具阅历 他稍阅世 Something of 与 something like 区别 程度上有差异 something like something approximateing in character or amount 指数量或性质略同的事物 又作 somewhat 似乎 略 微 解释 This is something like a pudding 此物略似布丁 It shaped something like a cigar 其形状略似雪茄 3 as as 的三种用法 1 He is as kind as his sister 他象他妹妹一样和蔼 2 He is as kind as honest 他既诚实又和蔼 3 He ia as kind as his sister is honest 他妹妹诚实 而他和 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 蔼 句式 1 表示两个不同的人相同的性质 句式 2 表示同一个人不同的性质 句式 3 表示两个人的不同性质 该句式中第一个 as 为之时副词 第 二个 as 为连词 所以 第一个 as 后面为 adj adv 而第二个 as 后面为从句 4 as as any as as ever He is as great a statesman as any He is as great a statesman as ever lived 他是一位稀有的政治家 5 as as can be It is as plain as plain can be may be 那是再明白不过了 A lot of these boys were green as green can be 这些男孩许多 都是精力充沛无以复加的 6 as so As rust eats iron so care eats the heart 忧能伤人 犹如锈之 蚀铁 SO 相当于 in the same proportion in like manner in the same way 亦复如此 为加强语气 也可以在 as 前面加上 just 一 词 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 As fire tries gold so does adversity try courage 正如火能试 金 逆境可以试人的勇气 As the human body is nourished by the food so is a nation nourished by its industries 正像身体要靠食物营养一样 国家要 靠工业营养 7 It is in or with as in or with It is in life as in a journey 人生好比旅途 It is in studying as in eating he who does it gets the benefits and not he who sees it done 读书和吃饭一样 得到 利益的是那些实际在吃的人 而不是旁观的人 It is in mind as in body which must be nourished by good food 精神和身体都必须有好的食物来营养 8 as good as as well as It is as goos as done 这就和做好了一样 It is broad as well as long 那既长且宽 as good as 有两个含义 1 amounting to not falling short of 等于 同样 几如 不欠缺 He was as good as his word 他不爽约 2 virtually essentially in every essential respect 实际上 其实 实在 在各要点上 He is as good as dead already 宛如死人 行尸走肉 名存实亡 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 as well as 有四个含义 1 no less than equally with 等于 不下于 亦 一样好 I have understanding as well as you 2 both and one equally with the other 与 两者皆 Work in moderation is healthy as well as agreeable to the human constitution 适度劳动对身体给予快感 又有益卫生 3 与 not only but also 有连带关系 He has experience as well as knowledge He has not only knowledge but also experience 4 可以代替 better than As well better be hanged for a sheep as than for a lamb 窃钩如窃国 与其盗小羊 9 As it is 其含义为 as it stands to state the matter as it really stands as a matter of fact in reality 相当于 实际上 就实际情况而言 根据 现在 情况看 就现在这个样子等等 它用来指事物的单数 即指前面的单数名词 如果指事物的复数 则用 As they are 如果用来指人时 则为 as I am you are she he is we are they are as it is 的过去式为 as it was 其位置可以放在句首 句末或句子中间 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 1 用于句首 注意前后时态与该结构保持一致 As it is we can not help him As it was we could not help him 2 用于句末 Let s keep it as it is You mustn t go to the ball as you are 你不能这样去参加舞会 有时 it 可以省略为 as is 意即 照现在的样子 常指 不再修 理或改进 等情况 He has an old radio as is 他有一台没有修理过的旧收音机 I ll sell it to you as is but don t complain if it doesn t work 3 句中时 用逗号把它从前后隔开 A 虚拟语气句式 but as it is was 该结构意为 其实 事实 上 I thought things would get better but as it is they are getting worse and worse The rice could have been got in yesterdy if the weather had been fine but as it was it had to be left in the fields B 过去分词 as it is 表示强调前面的过去分词 Written as it is in an interesting way this book is enjoyable to young and old alike Published as it was at such a time his work attrached much attention 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 C 现在分词 as it does did 意为 因为这样 实际 所以 Living as he does in Shanghai he knows the place extremely well Reading as he did many times he could recite it fluently 几个类似的结构 A as it stands 根据目前情况来看 As it stands it is certain that our country can realize the four modernization ahead of schedule B such as it is 不怎么样 质量不过如此 The room such as it is is very bright C as it were as if it were so 属虚拟语气 用于插入语 不可 以与 as it is 混淆 He is as it were a living dictionary Comrade Lei Feng still lives as it were in our heart 10 have the 抽象名词 不定式 I had the fortune to succeed 我很幸运获得了成功 have possess 原来指肉体和精神上的特征 现作为一种天赋而具 有的 She had the cheek impudence to say such a thing She was so impudent as to say such a thing 她厚颜无耻地说 出这样的话 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 How can you have the heart hard heartness to drown such darling little kittens 你何忍心把如此可爱的小猫淹死 11 名词 of a 名词 It was a great moutain of a wave 波浪如山高 That fool of a Tom did it 这是汤姆那个笨蛋做的 That old cripple of a Henn 那个年老的残废者亨 It would make the deuce of a scandal 这会弄得声名狼藉的 of 前后的名词指同一人或物体 其中的 名词 of 后出现的名词 前面 必须有一个不定词 即使是固有名词 该冠词也不可省略 a devil of a man a devish man a rascal of a fellow a rascally fellow 12 in 人 They have an enemy in him 他才是他们的敌人 分析 in in the person of 在那人身上 表示一个人身上具 有的性质 资格 能力等 原来是由于形状 与形状有关的 in 如 in a circle in print in a heap in couples in human shape in ruins 等 所转来的 而有 即 是也 就是 的含义 这种 in 多出现在 find see behold lose 等动词后面 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 He had something of the hero in him China lost a great artist in the death of Chi Paishi 13 short of be short of nothing short of short except 是副词的用法 在前面可以使用的动词有 come fall run 等 表示 不足 缺乏 的意思 其中 of 做 from 解释 至于 be short of 与 nothing short of 中的 short of 则 为形容词 be short of 表示 不足 或 离开 nothing short of 表示 完全 1 Short of theft I will do anything I can for you 2 We are short of hands at present 3 His conduct was nothing short of madness 他的行为简直发 了狂 14 anything but nothing but all but 在英文中 anything but never 意即 除此之外 别的都是 是 表示强调的否定 nothing but only 意即 除此之外 别的都不是 all but almost nearly 三种用法中 but 都有 except 含义 15 much more much less 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 He likes a child much more a baby 他喜欢小孩 更加喜欢婴孩 He doesn t like a child much less a baby 他步喜欢小孩 更加 不喜欢婴孩 解释 much more 用于肯定句之后 表示程度增加 表示更多 much 可以改为 still much less 用于否定句之后 表示程度减少 表示更少 可译为 何 况 还论 16 more than can 达到不可能的程度 morethan can 简直不可能 He earns more money than he can spend 17 more than 动词 译为 深为 十二分的 This more than satisfied me 这使我十二分的满意 More is meant than meets the ear 有言外之意 What we lose in flowers we more than gain in fruits 18 less than During the week he saw less of her than usual 在那一个星期 内 他比平常要少见到她 less than 较少 较差 不及 不如 该 less 做形容 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 词时好翻译 做副词解释时难译 Proof reading is not interesting still less so when it is one s own work Proof reading is uninteresting still more so when it is one s own work His lecture left me less than satisfactory 他的演讲怎么也不能 使我满意 He observed with interest the errors of her face and figure the thin underlip too heavily penciled eyebrows and her legs less than slim although not actually skinny 他感兴趣地望着她面孔和身体上的一些缺点 那太薄的下唇 画的太 浓的眉毛和她那瘦弱的双腿 虽然还没有达到皮包骨头的程度 19 the 比较级 理由 I like him all the better for his faults 因为他有缺点 所以我更 加喜欢他 连接 理由 部分的可以为 for because on account of owing to 等 前面部分常常出现的结构为 all much the 比较级 该 结构中的 the to that degree 20 what he is what he has We honour him for what he is not for what he has 我们尊敬的是他的人品 而不是他的财富 全国唯一专注北外考研专业课高端辅导品牌 what he is his character what he has his property It is not a question how much a man knows but use what he can make of what he knows not a question of what he has acquired and how he has been trained but of what he is and what he can do 问题不在于一个人知道多少 而在于他能否运用他的知识 问题不在 于他所学为何 受过怎样的教育 而在于他的人品 以及他的能力 21 what 名词 what little 名词 He gave me what money he had about him 他把他身上所有的 钱都给了我 I gave him what little mony I had 我竭尽绵薄之力将仅有的钱 都给了他 what 名词 含有 all the that 或 that which 含义 译为 所有的 what 做关系代名词 what little few 等一类词 名词 含有 虽少但全部 或 所 仅有的 She saved what little money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother go to school 22 what with and what with what by an