安徽马鞍山市第十一中学八年级英语下册 8B Unit 3 Online Shopping（第四课时）Grammar学案（无答案） 牛津版.doc

课题：8 b unit 3 online shopping 第四课时 grammar 班级： 姓名： 时间： 年 月 日一、学习目标单 词 ： widely _ e-dictionary _ restart_ connect _ total _ mars _ set _ 词 组 ： restart the computer _ 句 型 ： the park has become a new tourist attraction.认真预习课本,看看自己能否找出下列句子和我们以前学的句子有什么区别1. he turns on the tv. we are ready to watch tv.the tv is turned on. we are ready to watch tv2. we use a keyboard for typing information into the computer.a keyboard is used for typing information into the computer.3. the teacher checked my homework two hours ago.my homework was checked two hours ago.这种结构就是我们本节课要学的语法，叫做被动语态，请你根据上面的句子写出下列词组的被动形式turns on the tv 的被动形式是 use a keyboard的被动形式是 checked my homework的被动形式是 预习后，让学生先总结被动语态的结构 _ _被动语态的时态怎么变化 _还有什么需要注意的 _二、预习导学被动语态的讲解1. 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。请说出下列句子是主动还是被动a. many people speak chinese. _chinese is spoken by many people. _ b. he was laughed at by all people. _all the people laughed at him. _ c. they make the bikes in the factory. _the bikes are made by them in the factory._被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisarespoken一般过去时：waswerespoken被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）this bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：the glass was broken by mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。this book was written by him.这本书是他写的。your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：he cut down a tree.a tree was cut down by him.they use metal to make machines.metal is used to make machines by them.三.课堂活动1.预习情况交流2.要求学生同读课本p48a1&a2部分的对话，对语境形成整体了解，然后完成句子的填空3.自学能力检测 a. 集体订正 p51b2 b. 学生朗读，理解被动语态的构成和用法 c要求学生能把主动语态变成被动语态，把被动语态变成主动语态 d复习被动语态的用法复习后，要求用以下时间词填空仿照例句改写句子。 例：we turn on the tv now. the tv is turned on now. 1.we use the computer to search for information. the computer _ _ to search for information. 2.we used the computer for playing games. the computer _ _ for playing games. 3.jackson design this cd-rom. this cd-rom _ _ by jackson. 4.we call it printer. it _ _ printer. 四 随堂检测i、用动词适当形式填空：1.a keyboard _ (use) for typing information into the computer.2.the trip to the world park _ (organize) by mr wu.3.the skirts with green and white flowers _ (design) by my sister.4.the little cat _ (take) to the animal center.5.many reserves _ (built) in china last year.6.english _ (teach) in schools all over the china.7.im afraid the trousers of your size _ (sell out).8.the fire _ (put out) by the firemen.9.my new sweater _ (make) of wool.10.thousands of new books _ (print) every year in our country.按要求变换句型1.my brother turned on the tv after he got home