高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（39）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（39）及答案people believe that climbing can do good to health. where can you learn the skill of climbing then? if you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, youre wrong. many americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). here，people are learning on special climbing walls. the climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.how do people climb the wall? to climb，you need special shoes and a harness (保护带) around your chest to hold you.there are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. the ropes hold you in place so that you dont fall.a beginners wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. there are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. sometimes its easy to see the next piece of metal. sometimes, its not. the most difficult part is to control your fear.its normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so its difficult not to feel fear. but when you move away from the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you，and you begin to feel safe. you move slowly until you reach the top.climbing attracts people because its good exercise for almost everyone. you use your whole body, especially your arms and legs.this sport gives your body a complete workout. when you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger.1、what can we infer from the passage?a. people are fairly interested in climbing nowadays.b. it is impossible to build up ones body by climbing.c. people can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors.d. it is always easy to see holding places in climbing.【详解剖析】推理判断题。由本文第一段中“people believe that climbing can do good to health.where can you learn the skill of climbing then”和第三段中“climbing attracts people because its good exercise for almost everyone.”可推断出答案。【最佳选项】a2、the most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is_.a. to tie ropes to your harnessb. to control your fearc. to move away from the walld. to climb straight up【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第二段“the most difficult part is to control your fear.”可以推断出应该控制一下恐惧心理。【最佳选项】b3、the word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means_.a. settlementb. exercisec. excitement d. tiredness【详解剖析】词义猜测题。由文中最后一段最后一句“when you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger.”可知，该词意为“锻炼”。【最佳选项】b8. why does the author write this passage?a. to tell people where to find gyms.b. to prove the basic need for climbing.c. to encourage people to climb mountains.d. to introduce the sport of wall climbing.【详解剖析】主旨大意题。通读全文可以判断出作者主要介绍了wall climbing这项运动。【最佳选项】d this was no ordinary class. the students who came together were all science or engineering professors at cornell university. they had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” this class was part of a study to answer the questions: why is science difficult for many nonscience students? what can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?the students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. they had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. all students noticed one thingthe importance of spoken words. in science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. but in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. they didnt write anything on the board.the scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. in both subjects, students need to find layers(层次) of meaning. some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface；other layers are deeper and more difficult. this search for different levels of meaning doesnt happen much in undergraduate (本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. and it is always important in humanities(人文学科)both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. one poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using careful，clear definitions (定义)when he explains a poem. he also plans to be more informative as he teaches. most of the scientists agreed on several points. first, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. second, the poetry class was fun. one engineer decided, “we need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”but perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：all of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.1、. what do we know about this unusual class?a. the teachers did lots of writing on the board.b. the teachers were invited to attend several lectures.c. the students were professors from a university.d. the students were studying science and humanities.【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据“this was no ordinary class.the students who came together were all science or engineering professors at cornell university”可知c项正确。【最佳选项】c2、the experiment was designed to find out_.a. how to teach the students in the science classb. whether poetry is difficult for science studentsc. what to be taught in the humanities classd. why many humanities students find science hard【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据“why is science difficult for many nonscience students？”找到答案。【最佳选项】d3、finding levels of meaning is_.a. important for graduate students in humanitiesb. difficult for graduate students in humanitiesc. common for undergraduate students in scienced. easy for undergraduate students in science【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“and it is always important in humanities”可知选a项。【最佳选项】a4、what did the science professors learn after the experiment?a. they should change the way they teach.b. a poem could be explained in clear definitions.c. a poetry class could be more informative.d. their teaching was an enjoyable experience.【详解剖析】细节理解题。由“but perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：all of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.”我们可知道全文的中心思想。【最佳选项】a a(2011湖北卷，a)honesty，my mum always used to tell me，is the best policy.of course，this didnt include her when she told me that if i didnt eat all my vegetables father christmas would find out and wouldnt give me any presents.but when it comes to medicine，i had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.after all，the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential. or so i thought.i had just started working in geriatrics (老年病科)mr.mcmahon was brought in when his belly was found very swollen.i took a medical history from his daughter whod accompanied him in the ambulance.shed been his main carer for years.i stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history.“has he lost any weight recently？” i asked，“well，its funny you should mention that，but yes，” she said slowly.there was silence for a few moments.“why? what are you worried about？” she asked，i hesitated.she was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that i told her the truth.“well，we need to prove its not cancer.” i said and talked briefly about some of the tests i was going to order.half an hour later，a nurse called me: “mr.mcmahons daughter broke downshe said you told her he had cancer.” my heart sank.by the time i arrived at the ward，my consultant was already there，explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.i stood silently at the end of the bed.my consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left mr.mcmahon，she turned to me.“why on earth did you do that？” she asked in disbelief.i looked at her and bit my lip.“she asked me what i was worried about and i told her.” i said，hanging_my_head.“and give her more to worry about？” replied my consultant.“you dont say the word cancer until its confirmed.even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”as it turned out，it wasnt cancer.but i did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one theyre sometimes selective in what they hearand as a doctor its important to be mindful of this.in being truthful，id made the situation worse.原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原则。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。1the purpose of the first two paragraphs is to show that the author _.amisunderstood the doctorpatient relationshipbwas anxious to receive christmas giftscregarded honesty as the best policydhad an unhealthy eating habit答案：c。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“the best”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。2the authors consultant was angry with him because _.ahe told the daughter what he suspectedbhe delayed running the necessary testsche failed to confirm the patients diseasedhe forgot what the consultant had advised答案：a。细节判断题。第四段的开头已经表明因为我的一番话，以及本段落的最后一句话也可以读出正是因为我的不假思索，让病人受到了打击，故consultant对我不满与气愤，故选a。3the author hung his head (the underlined part in para.4) because he was feeling _.aguilty bhurtcdisappointed dhelpless答案：a。细节判断题。guilty意为：罪过感，羞愧，与划线部分“耷拉了脑袋”在语境上非常符合。4what lesson has the author learnt from his experience?alearning from parents is necessary.bjumping to a conclusion is dangerous.ctelling the truth may not always be the best solution.dselecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.答案：c。理解判断题。文章的最后一句话，正表明了作者的体会与结论：有时候，诚实不受欢迎。故选c。b(2011重庆卷，d)william butler yeats, a most famous irish writer, was born in dublin on june 13,1865. his childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. later, yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. in fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his familyboth his father and his brother were painters. but he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements. he set himself the fresh task in founding an irish national theatre in the late 1890s.his early theatrical experiments，however，were not received favorably at the beginning. he didnt lose heart，and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.compared with his dramatic works, yeatss poems attract much admiring notice.the subject matter includes love，nature，history，time and aging. though yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. as his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.he had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the nobel prize in 1923.yet，he continued writing almost to the end of his life. had yeats stopped writing at age 40，he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. after yeatss death in 1939, wh. auden wrote, among others, the following lines：earth，receive an honoured guest：william yeats is laid to rest.let the irish vessel (船) lieemptied of its poetry.本文介绍了爱尔兰著名作家威廉巴特勒叶慈，他在19世纪90年代成立了爱尔兰国家剧院，他以诗体戏剧及诗歌闻名，于1923年获得了诺贝尔奖。5which of the following can describe yeatss family?ait filled yeatss childhood with laughter.bit was shocked by yeatss choice.cit was a typically wealthy family.dit had an artistic atmosphere.答案：d。细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：他从家人那儿继承了很好的艺术鉴赏能力，他的父亲和哥哥都是画家，证明他是在一个有艺术氛围的家庭中长大。6according to the passage，what do we know about yeatss life?ayeats founded the first irish theater.byeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.cyeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.dyeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 noble prize.答案：c。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“he set himself.theatre in the late 1890s.”可知a项不对。根据第三段第三句话“though yeats.to them”可知，b项不对。根据第三段最后一句话可知，d项不对。由此可知c项正确。7what kind of feeling is expressed in wh.audens lines?aenvy. bsympathy.cemptiness. dadmiration.答案：d。推理判断题。envy忌妒；sympathy同情；emptiness空虚；admiration敬佩，钦佩。auden的诗词中有honored guest，最尊敬的客人，可知auden是敬佩叶慈的。8what is the passage mainly about?a. yeatss literary achievements.b. yeatss historical influence.c. yeatss artistic ambition.d. yeatss national honor.答案：a。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作家叶慈在文学方面所取得的成绩，他的诗体戏剧获得了很大的成功，他的诗歌赢得了广泛的认可，1923年，他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。*04*04*结束 a southampton university team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five iq points higher on average at the age of 10. researchers said it could explain why people with a higher iq were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. the study of 8,179 people was reported in the british medical journal.twenty years after the iq tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.men who were vegetarians had an iq score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. there was no difference in the iq scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. however, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.lead researcher catharine gale said, “the findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher iq in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.but dr frankie phillips of the british dietetic association said，“it_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. do people become vegetarians because they have a very high iq or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”【文章大意概括】研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。1what s the result of the research mentioned in the text?a. intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.b. children with a higher iq are less likely to have heart disease later in life.c. intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.d. children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher iq later in life.【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five iq points higher on average at the age of 10”可知a项正确。根据“it could explain why.”可知这一结果可帮助解释b项中的现象，但b项并非这次研究的结果。故本题选a。【最佳选项】a2it was found in the research that_.a. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the iq tests were carried outb. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetariansc. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetariansd. vegetarians were more likely to have