高中英语 Unit14 Lessons12 Grammar直接引语变间接引语“祈使句”篇讲练 北师版必修5.doc

直接引语变间接引语“祈使句”篇引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；一种是间接引语，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。本期重点讲解祈使句如何由直接引语变为间接引语。【语境展示】观察下面几组例句，然后加以归纳。1. linda said to me, “please put your bag on the desk.” linda asked me to put my bag on the desk.2. peter said, “come to my house at 8:30 tomorrow, neil.” peter told neil to go to his house at 8:30 the next day. 3. the old man said to bill, “dont touch anything.”the old man told bill not to touch anything.4. “get out of the car!” said the policeman. the policeman ordered him to get out of the car. 【自我归纳】 祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，一般采用“主语+谓语+宾语+不定式”结构。谓语动词的选用应根据说话人的语气来决定，即：表示比较客气的邀请、请求时（注：句中如有please一词，变为间接引语后应去掉），用ask（第1组例句）；表示要求、吩咐时，用tell（第2、3组例句）；表示强烈的命令时，用order（第4组例句）。如果直接引语是否定句，变为间接引语时，则要用“主语+ ask / tell / order sb. + _ + to do sth.”结构（第3组例句）。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称、时间状语、地点状语、指示代词和动词等需适当变化（第1、2组例句）。若祈使句中没有称呼语，应根据句意给动词补上适当的宾语（第4组例句）。【特别提示】祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，还经常用到command, warn, insist等动词。如：“keep away from the dog,” tony said to us. tony warned us to keep away from the dog.有些表示建议、劝告的祈使句，变为间接引语时可以用“主语+ suggest +动词-ing形式”或“主语+ suggest + that从句”结构，从句谓语用“should +动词原形”结构，should可以省略。如：martha said, “lets go to the cinema.”martha suggested going to the cinema. / martha suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.祈使句直接引语变为间接引语，可用下面的顺口溜来帮助记忆：去掉引号要加to，ask, order须记住；直引若是否定式，not加在to前部。 【即学即练】i. 将下面的直接引语变为间接引语。1. “dont smoke in the room,” the man said to him. _2. amy said to bob, “please have a seat”._3. the policeman said, “go away.”_4. “lets take the children to the zoo,” alice said to me. _ii. 将下面直接引语变为间接引语。1. the police shouted at the thief, “stand still.”_2. our english teacher said to us, “speak english more often than just in class.”_3. “please remember to answer this letter as soon as possible,” helen said to jack._4. “dont go out alone after dark,” said the girls mother._iii. 将下面直接引语变为间接引语。1. “dont play with fire, little boys,” the policeman said._2. kate said, “lets discuss the problem tomorrow.”_3. “do be quiet, please!” helen said to the noisy boys._4. my sister said, “youd better tidy your room by yourself.”_5. li ming said to me, “will you keep the secret for me?” _iv. 从a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. the teacher demanded that every student _ there at once.a. wentb. need goc. goesd. go2. the man suggested that every student _ there at once.a. should sendb. would be sentc. be sent d. to be sent3. martin _ his dog to lie down under the big tree. a. madeb. had c. promised d. ordered参考答案i. 1. the boss ordered the clerk to change his dirty uniform.2. the little girl asked her father to tell her a story.3. martin suggested staying there till the storm had passed. / martin suggested that we (should) stay there till the storm had passed.4. cassie told david not to play a trick on her again.ii. 1. the police ordered the thief to stand still.2. our english teacher suggested that we (should) speak english more often than just in class.our english teacher suggested speaking english more often than just in class.3. helen asked jack to remember to answer that letter as soon as possible.4. the girls mother warned her not to go out alone after dark.iii.1. the policeman told the little boys not to play with fire.2. kate suggested discussing the problem the next day.kate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day.3. helen demanded t