2001年考研英语真题答案.doc

2001年ban v. *1.明令禁止，取缔 2.禁止某人做某事（或去某处等）+sb from sth/from doing sth 例：He was banned from the meeting. 他被取消了出席会议的资格。 n. 禁令+ (on sth) (P1L1)buy up 买通，收买 (P1L1)concern v. 1.影响，涉及，牵涉（某人） 例：Dont interfere in what doesnt concern you. 不要管与自己无关的事。 2.也作be concerned with to be about something 与有关；涉及 例：The story concerns the princes efforts to rescue Pamina. 这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。 3.让（某人）担忧+sb；关注，认为（做某事）重要 +n.+to do 例：It concerns me that you no longer seem to care. 你似乎不再在乎，这令我担忧。She was concerned to write about situations that everybody could identify with. 她认为有必要写出让大家都能看得清楚的事态的本来面目。 n. *1.（尤指许多人共同的）担心，忧虑 + (about/for/over sth/sb) 例：There is growing concern about violence on television. 人们对电视上充斥暴力内容的忧虑日益加重。 2.关爱；关心 例：parents concern for their children 父母对子女的关爱 3.（对人、组织等）重要的事情；（某人）负责的事，有权知道的事 例：What are your main concerns as a writer? 作为一名作家，你主要关注的是哪些问题？ (P7L2)figure n. a person of the type mentioned 人物；人士 例：a leading figure in the music industry 音乐界一位主要人物 (P5L3) involve v. 1.包含；需要；使成为必然部份（或结果） 例：Any investment involves an element of risk.任何投资都有一定的冒险成分。 *2.if a situation, an event or an activity involves somebody, they take part in it or are affected by it影响到，牵涉 例：There was a serious incident involving a group of youths. 有一起严重的事件涉及一群年轻人。 3.（使）参加，加入；表明（某人参与了罪行等），使卷入 + sb (in sth/in doing sth) 例：Parents should involve themselves in their childs education. 父母应当参与孩子的教育。His confession involved a number of other politicians in the affair. 他的自白供出其他一些政治人物也卷入此事。(P1L1)lay down 1.中断（工作）；辞（职）；放弃 例：to lay down your office/duties 辞职；停止履行自己的职责 *2.规定，制定（条例或原则） 例：It is laid down that all candidates must submit three copies of their dissertation.根据规定所有的学位答辩人均须提交论文一式三份。 3.积存某物 例：If you eat too much, the surplus is laid down as fat. 要是吃得太多，过剩的营养就会堆积成为脂肪。(P5L2)sentence n./v. 判决；宣判；判刑 例：a jail/prison sentence判处监禁；to be sentenced to death/life imprisonment/three years in prison 被判死刑终身监禁三年徒刑 (P7L1)trial n. *1.审讯；审理；审判 例：Hes on trial for murder. 他因涉嫌谋杀罪而受审。 2.（对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用 例：She agreed to employ me for a trial period. 她同意试用我一段时间。 3.令人伤脑筋的事；惹麻烦的人；考验+ (to sb) 例：the trials and tribulations of married life 婚姻生活的考验与磨练 (P2L3)verdict n. *1.（陪审团的）裁定，裁决，裁断 例：Has the jury reached a verdict? 陪审团作出裁定了吗？ 2.（经过检验或认真考虑后的）决定，结论，意见+ (on sth/sb) 例： The panel will give their verdict on the latest video releases. 专题小组将就最近发行的录像提出他们的意见。(P7L3)demonstration n. 1.示范，演示 例：We were given a brief demonstration of the computers functions. 我们看了这种计算机各种功能的演示。 2.证明，论证，说明 例：a demonstration of the connection between the two sets of figures论证这两组数字间的联系 *3.（感情、观点等的）表达，表露 (11题)guarantee v. *1.to promise to do something; to promise something will happen保证，保障，担保（承诺的事） 2.to make something certain to happen 使必然发生；确保 例：Tonights victory guarantees the teams place in the final.今晚的胜利确保这个队能进入决赛。 3.to be certain that something will happen 肯定必然发生 例：You can guarantee (that) the children will start being naughty as soon as they have to go to bed. 孩子一到上床睡觉时就不听话了。 n. 1.保证，担保；保修单，保用证书 例：to give a guarantee of good behaviour 保证行为端正；The watch is still under guarantee. 这只手表仍在保修期内。 2.something that makes something else certain to happen 起保证作用的事物 例：Career success is no guarantee of happiness. 事业成功决不是幸福的保证。 (20题)manifest v.*1.表明，清楚显示（尤指情感、态度或品质）+ sth (in sth) 2.显现；使人注意到+ itself (in sth) 例：The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later. 十天后，这种病的症状显现出来。 a. 明显的；显而易见的 例：The anger he felt is manifest in his paintings. 他的愤怒明显地表现在他的绘画之中。(8题)present v. 1.（尤指正式地在仪式上）颁发，授予 例：The local MP will start the race and present the prizes. 当地议员将鸣枪开赛，并颁发奖品。 *2.to show or offer something for other people to look at or consider提交，提出 3.（以某种方式或角度）展现，显示 例：The company has decided it must present a more modern image.公司已决定，必须展现出更加现代的形象。 4.to cause something to happen or be experienced 使发生；使经历+ sb with sth, +sth 例：Your request shouldnt present us with any problems. 你的请求应该不会给我们造成任何问题。(8题)releaserili:s v. 1.释放，放出 + sb/sth (from sth)；放开，松开，使自由移动（或飞翔、降落等） 例：to release a prisoner/hostage 释放囚犯；10，000 balloons were released at the ceremony. 典礼上放飞了 1 万个气球。 2.发泄；宣泄（感情） 例：She burst into tears, releasing all her pentup emotions. 她放声大哭，发泄出全部郁积起来的情感。3.解除（某人的职责、责任、合同等）；解雇+ sb (from sth) 例：The club is releasing some of its older players. 俱乐部正在解聘一些老队员。 4.公布，发布，发行；开放，解禁 例：The new building program will go ahead as soon as the government releases the funds. 政府一放开对资金的控制，新的建筑项目就动工。 n. 1.释放，获释；排放，泄漏，渗漏 例：She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点出狱。the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 二氧化碳向大气层的排放 *2.公开，发行；新发行的东西 3.解脱；轻松感 例：a sense of release after the exam 考试后的解脱感 (9题) Text 1词汇注释 amateur n. 业余人士 例：a gifted amateur 一个有天赋的业余人士 (P2L1)an increasing accumulation of 不断积累的 (P1L1)a response to the problem 这个问题的应对之策 (P1L1)complex a. 复杂的 例：a complex system 一个复杂的系统 (P2L5)constitute v. 组成 例：We must redefine what constitutes a family. 我们必须重新定义是什么组成了家庭。(P3L2)expansion n. 扩展 例：the rapid expansion of cities城市的快速扩展 (24题)handle v. 处理 例：He doesnt handle stress very well. 他不能很好地处理压力。(P1L2)incorporate v. 结合 例：Our original proposals were not incorporated in the new legislation. 我们最初的提议并没有结合新的立法。(P3L5)widespread a.广泛的 例：the widespread use of chemicals in agriculture 化学物质在农业中的广泛运用(P3L8)clearcuta. definite and easy to see or identify明确的;明显的;易辨认的 例：There is no clearcut answer to this question. 对这个问题没有确切的答案。(P2L1)【记】构词clear(清楚)+cut(切);(切割的清楚，边界明确的)确切的connotationn. 含义，内涵，隐含意义 例：The word professional has connotations of skill and excellence. Professional这个词隐含着技艺和专长的意思。字根not意为to mark“标示”，如：note n. 符号，笔记 v. 注意，加注解(P2L2)【记】构词：con(一起)+not(标记)+ation(名词后缀)；（标示在一起）含义differentiationn. 区别，不同；differentiate v. 辨别，区别（事物或人之间的不同），构成差别，使有不同；differ v. (在质量、特征等上)不同于，不一样，有区别。(P3L11)【记】构词：dif（分开）+fer(搬运)+ent（形容词后缀）+iate(动词后缀)+ion(名词后缀)；（一个个分别搬运)区别primacyn. the fact of being the most important person or thing首要，至高无上 例：a belief in the primacy of the family 家庭至上论；primary a.首要的，主要的；初步的，初级的；（词根prim意为“第一，首要” 如： premier a. 首要的 n. 首相，国务总理）(P3L2)【记】构词：prim(首先的)+acy（名词后缀）readership n. (统称)读者，读者人数；（ship用以构成名词的后缀，表示1.“状态，性质，品质”，如：friendship 友谊；2.“地位，资格，职位”，如：citizenship 公民资格，professorship 教授职位；3.“技艺，技能”，如：musicianship 音乐技艺；4.the group of“集体”，如：membership 全体成员）(P3L10)【记】构词：reader(读者)+ship(名词后缀)reckon vt. 1.to think sth or have an opinion about sth认为，以为 例：Do you reckon theyll get married? 你认为他们会结婚吗？ *2.to think that sb or sth is a particular kind of person or thing看作，认为是 例：I reckon him among my friends.我把他看作我的朋友。 3.to expect to do sth料想，预计，指望（后接动词不定式） 例：We reckon to finish by ten. 我们预计十点钟结束。 4.to calculate an amount, a number,etc.估算，计算 例：My pay is reckoned from the first day of the month.我的工资从每月的第一天算起。(P4L3)【记】联想：reck(注意)+on(在某一方面)；（将注意力集中在数字上）计算refereen. 1.（某些体育比赛）裁判，裁判员 2.介绍人，推荐人 3.a person who is asked to settle a disagreement仲裁员;调解人 例：to act as a referee between the parties involved 充当相关各方的调解人 4.a person who reads and checks the quality of a technical article before it is published (专业性文章) 审阅人,鉴定专家vi.&vt.担任裁判，裁判 vt. *审阅,鉴定(专业性文章)(P3L8)【记】联想：refer(参考)+ee(名词后缀)；(意见值得参考的人)裁判specialisation n. 专业化specialize v. 专攻，专门研究，使专用于（in）；specialized a. 专门的，专科的 (P1L1)【记】派生：special(专门的)+ize（动词后缀）+ation(名词后缀)；（使专门成一派的）专业化splitvt.&vi. 1.（由于意见严重分歧而）（使）分裂（后跟介词over/on） 例：The party split over segregation.该党在种族隔离问题上分歧严重。*2.（使）分开（成几部分） 例：At the end of the bridge the expressway split into two roads.这条高速公路在桥的尽头分成两条路。vi. 1.to leave sb and stop having a relationship with them断绝关系，分手（后跟介词with/from） 例：Jackies splitting up with her boyfriend.杰姬要和男友分手了。 2.to leave quickly迅速离去，仓皇离开 例：They grabbed her purse and split.他们抢了她的钱包后逃之夭夭。n. 1.（组织团体内部的）分裂，分歧 2.the part of sth you receive when sth, esp. money, is shared（尤指钱的）一份，份额 例：a threeway/fourway,etc.split 3人/4人等均分的一份 3.（撕坏的）裂口，裂缝（P1L2）【记】形近：裂开(split)嘴唇，吐出(spit)痰来 in ones own right凭本身的权利（能力、实力或资格） 例：She sings with a rock band, but she is also a jazz musician in her own right. 她随一支摇滚乐队演唱，但她本身也是爵士乐歌手。(P3L4)reflect on *1.to think carefully about sth仔细考虑 例：Take some time to reflect on your future plans.抽点时间仔细考虑你未来的计划。 2.to influence peoples opinion of sb or sth, esp. in a bad way给人们对的评价造成（尤指不利的）影响 例：an economic record that reflects badly on government policy给政府政策带来很坏影响的经济记录 (P3L5)under way已经开始，在进行中 例：Preparations are well under way. 准备工作已顺利展开。(P4L1)句式结构分析及佳句模仿1.Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values.注释：主干谓语动词does carry部分的does表强调“确实如此”；concerned作定语修饰person一词，译为“涉及到的人”。翻译：但是“业余”这个词的确有这样的含义：所指的那个人没有完全融入某个科学家群体，尤其是，他可能并不完全认同这个群体的价值观。2.The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.注释：in those areas of 意为“在领域”；based on sth 意为“以为基础的”；in terms of意为“以观点/方式，就而说”。翻译：这一趋势在以数学或实验室训练为基础的科学领域里自然表现得最为突出，英国地质学的发展可以说明这一趋势。3.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. 注释：并列连词not only.but also连接两个并列宾语emphasis和definition，宾语后都接有介词短语做定语。 翻译：把英国最近一个半世纪的地质学刊物作一比较，人们发现，不仅研究的重要性越来越受到强调，而且学术论文的出版标准也在不断地发生变化。4.Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. 注释：该句由but连接两个分句，前后两个不同的时间状语表现了一种对比。结构严谨，对比鲜明，给人一目了然之感。翻译：因此，在19世纪，局部的地质学研究本身就代表了一种有价值的科研；而到了20世纪，局部的研究只有结合并考虑到更广阔的地质学问题时才会逐渐被专业人员接受。5.The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. 注释：make sth harder for sb意为“使某事对于某人来说更难了”；referee原义为“当裁判，裁决”，句中意为“（出版）评审制度”。翻译：结果是，业余人员更难在专业地质刊物上发表文章。评审制度的广泛采用强化了这一结果。开始是19世纪国家级刊物采用，后来是20世纪数家地方地质学刊物采用。1.Family planning can be seen as a response to the problem of the excessive population growth. 计划生育可被视为对人口过度增长这个问题的应对之策。（Para.1句）2.The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of alternative resources, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of wind power. 这一趋势在可替代能源这个领域里自然表现得最为突出，风能的发展可以说明这一趋势。（Para.2句）3.Although the process of globalization was already well under way during the late of twentieth century, its full consequences may be delayed until the late of 21 century. 虽然全球化进程在20世纪早己形成，但是它的效果却延迟到21世纪才充分显示出来。（Para.4句）4.In personal growth generally, however, college life must be reckoned as the crucial period for identifying ones life direction. 然而，从个人成长这个整体来看，大学生活应该被视为决定个人生活方向的关键时期。（Para.4句）Text 2词汇注释be left behind 落伍 (P2L4)be netted together 加入互联网 (P2L5)better off 富裕 (P4L10)combat v. 战胜 例： combat inflation 战胜通货膨胀(P2L7)commercialize v. 使商业化 例：Christmas has become so commercialized. 圣诞节已经变得商业化了。(P2L2)finance v. 为提供资金 例：The concerts are financed by the Arts Council.这场音乐会由艺术委员会出资。(P4L7)invasion n. 侵犯 例： invasion of privacy 对隐私的侵犯 (P4L3)lecture about 关于的演讲 (P1L2)prejudice n. 偏见 例：Women still face prejudice in the workplace. 妇女仍然面临着工作场合中的偏见。(P4L2)take (full) advantage of （充分）使用 (P4L1,P4L13)technological a. 技术的 例： technological advance 技术进步(P2L1)universalize v. 普及 例： universalize nineyear compulsory education 普及九年义务教育(P2L2)visible a. 显而易见的 例：a visible change 一个显而易见的变化(P1L3)access n. 1.入口，通道，进入(后跟介词to) *2.opportunity or right to enter a place, use sth or approach sb（进入某地方，使用某物或接近某人的）机会或权利 例：get access to confidential information 得到接触秘密情报的机会 vt. 1.to find information, esp. on a computer获取（尤指电脑数据）2.to reach, enter or use sth 到达，进入，使用 例：The loft can be accessed by a ladder.搭梯子可以上阁楼。(P2L4)【记】构词：ac(表方向)+cess(走)；（走时需要通过的地方）入口anticolonial a. 反殖民主义的；colonial a.殖民的，殖民地的(P4L1)【记】构词：anti(反抗)+colonial(殖民的)；类似构词：antibody 抗生素，antislavery 反奴隶制division n. 1. 分开；分割 例：the division between public and private life 把公众生活和私生活分开 2.分配；分担；分享 例：the division of power between church and state 教会与国家之间的权力分配 *3. 分歧，分裂 例：the works of healing the divisions within society 弥合社会内部分歧的工作4.（机构、公司等的）部，部门 例：I work in the Computer Services Division. 我在电脑维修部工作。(P1L1)【记】构词：divide(分开)+ion（名词后缀）impoverished a. 赤贫的，贫乏的，贫瘠的；impoverish 使贫穷；（词根pover意为“贫穷”；im前缀，in的变化形式，加在以b, m, p开头的单词前，1.用于构成形容词、副词或名词，表示“不，非，无，相反” 例：immoral a. 不道德的；2.用以构成动词，表示“使置于某状况中”，如：imbrown 着褐色, 使成淡黑）(P4L1)【记】构词：im(使处于某种状态中)+pover(贫穷)+ish（动词后缀）+ed（形容词后缀）；（使处于贫困中的）赤贫的infrastructure n. 基础设施（如运输、通讯、银行制度等），基础结构；（infra前缀，表示“下，低”，如：infrared红外线，infrasound亚音速） (P4L3)【记】构词：infra(在下)+structure(结构)；（下面的结构）基础结构loomvi. 1.（尤指阴森森地）隐约出现，耸现（常后跟副词或介词） 例：A tall figure loomed up out of the mist. 一个高大的人影从雾中隐隐出现。 *2.（问题或困难） 降临，逼近，临近 例：An economic crisis is looming on the horizon. 一场经济危机就要来临。 (P1L3)【记】形近：黑暗(gloom)迫近(loom)短语搭配 loom large显得重要，令人担忧，很难回避 例：Fear of failure loomed large in his mind. 对失败的担忧沉重地压在他的心头。sovereigntyn. 主权（国家），最高统治权，最高权威；词根reign意为“统治, 支配”（sove前缀，super的变化形式，表示above, over“上，上方，超，超越”，如：superimpose v. 置于之上;ty用以构成抽象名词的后缀，表示“性质，状态，程度”，如：certainty 确实，确信，cruelty残忍，残酷；sovereign n.国王，女王，君主，元首 a.权力至高无上的,具有独立主权的）(P4L3)【记】构词：sover(相当于super在上)+reign（统治）+ty（名词后缀）;(高高在上统治的)最高统治权digital divide数字化分界；digital a. 数字的，信息的；divide n. 分界线，分水岭，差异(P1L1)in the interest(s) of sthin order to help or achieve sth为了 例：In the interest(s) of safety, smoking is forbidden. 禁止吸烟，以策安全。 (P2L2)get over *1.to deal with or gain control of sth解决，克服，控制 例：She cant get over her shyness.她无法克服羞怯心理。 2.to return to your usual state of health, happiness,etc.after an illness, a shock,etc.从疾病或震惊等中恢复常态 例：He was disappointed at not getting the job, but hell get over it. 他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。 3.to make sth clear to sb向（某人）讲清某事，让（某人）明白某事 例：He didnt really get his meaning over to the audience. 他未能真正把他的意思向听众讲清楚。 (P4L1)with respect to sth至于，关于，就而言 例：The two groups were similar with respect to income and status. 这两组在收入和社会地位方面是相似的。(P4L2)lie down 1.躺下（休息或睡觉） *2.to give up 认输，屈服(P4L11)句式结构分析及佳句模仿1.As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize accessafter all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. 注释：be in the interest of sb to do sth表示“符合某人的利益”。句首as引导的状语从句表伴随，as可意为“随着”。翻译：随着互联网的日趋商业化，普及上网对商家是有利的毕竟，上网人数越多，潜在的客户就越多。2.And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that weve ever had.注释：句中“may well+动词原形”结构相当于have good reason to，意为“理应，有足够的理由”。例：He may well be proud of his son. 他完全可以以自己的儿子为荣。该句子用这个结构来强调“网络完全可以成为最有力的工具来战胜世界贫困”。翻译：这是非常好的消息，因为互联网完全可以成为我们战胜世界贫困最强有效的工具。3.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment.注释：该句结构并不复杂，关键注意其中的几个介词短语的使用，get over克服，从中恢复过来；with respect to，涉及、提到或关于某事物。主句前是to引导的目的状语从句。翻译：要想利用互联网这一工具，某些贫困国家必须克服对外国投资所持的过时了的反殖民主义偏见。4. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. 注释：“might/may (as) well +动词原形”结构常常用来建议或劝说某人采取某种活动，有时相当于had better，译为“还不如，不妨”。例：Students that still have some problem with this lesson might well ask me after class.（那些对这篇课文仍然有问题的同学不如课后再问一下我）。该句中作者建议那些抱有偏见的人不妨研究一下美国基础设施建设的历史。翻译：那些认为外国投资是侵犯其主权的国家不妨研究一下美国的基础设施（社会的基本结构基础）建设历史。5.The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off youre going to be. 注释：该句主干部分中有一个比较级的固定结构the more.the more，表示“越越”。主干结构中插入了较长的后置定语，首先现在分词结构修饰capital,然后定语从句修饰Third Wave infrastructure。翻译：你拥有的来帮助你进行第三次基础设施建设（今天主要指电子基础设施）的外国资金越多，那么你的情况就越好。1.A great deal of attention is being paid today to the research on alternative resources. 如今，人们正在高度重视对可替代能源的研究。（Para.1句）2.There are educational reasons to hope the immoral behaviors in the society will decrease. 一些教育上的因素使我们有理由相信社会的不文明现象会减少。（Para.2句）Text 3词汇注释a set of 一套 (P3L1)backbone n. 主干、框架 例：Farmers are the backbone of this community. 农民是这个团体的主干。(P3L3)be deep into 深入进行 (P1L2)clash n. 碰撞 例：culture clash 文化间的碰撞 (P6L3)contradictory a. 矛盾的 例：The public is being fed contradictory messages about the economy. 公众被灌输的关于经济的信息互相矛盾。(30题)【记】构词：contra(相反的)+dict(说)+ory(形容词后缀)；（说法相反的）互相矛盾disconnect n. 脱节 例：the disconnect between the ordinary public and the concerns of politicians 普通大众和政客考虑的脱节 (P4L1)distrust n. 不信任 例：deep distrust of journalists 对记者的极度不信任 (P1L1)explosive a. 容易引起激烈讨论的 例：the explosive issue of uncontrolled immigration 容易引起激烈讨论的失控的移民(P7L1)factual a. 事实的 例：factual information 事实信息(P2L1)go way deeper 有更深刻的根源 (P3L1)illuminating a. 有启发性的 例：a very illuminating book 一本很有启发性的书(30题)【记】构词：il(=in,表方位)+lumen(光)+ate(动词后缀)+ing（形容词后缀）；（照亮人内心的）有启发性的plus prep. 以及 例：There are numerous clubs, plus a casino. 这有许多俱乐部，以及娱乐场。(P4L3)put down roots in 扎根于 (P5L3)puzzlement n. 迷惑 例：She frowned in puzzlement. 她迷惑地皱了下眉。(P2L2)readymade a. 现成的 例：The rain gave us a readymade excuse to stay at home. 这场雨为呆在家里提供了现成的借口。(P3L3)sad to say 遗憾的是 (P2L1)superficial a. 肤浅的 例：Even a superficial inspection revealed serious flaws. 即使是肤浅的调查也揭示了严重的问题。(30题)【记】构词：super(在上)+fici(脸)+al(形容词后缀)；（停留在脸上的）表面的trustworthy a. 可信的 例：a trustworthy person 值得信赖的人(30题)turn out to be 结果是 (P2L1)upscale a. 高端的 例：an upscale neighborhood 高端社区(P5L1)vastly ad. 特别地 例：vastly different opinions 特别不同的观点(P7L2)alien a.