2014-2015必修五Unit-1-Great-scientists过关检测卷及答案（AB卷第一单元 B卷.doc

英语必修 5(人教版)B卷综合检测(测试时间：120分钟评价分值：135分)第一部分语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。 I was in Chinatown when I observed some elderly men just sitting around.They all_1_well.When they sat in a row，wearing decent(体面的)clothing，they_2_chatted with their neighbors while most times they just stared at passersby.They_3_me of the pigeons(鸽子)that perch(栖息)on a fence happily.They seemed，like they were just passing time.At least they were_4_doing nothing. To do nothing is a(n)_5_.It allows us to slow down.Its_6_and it improves health and reduces the chances for heart disease too! 新 课 标 第 一 网 However，dont confuse it with having nothing to do.Some people just_7_because they have nothing to do and have no idea what to do.The only other thing that_8_itself to behave like this is a headless chicken，wandering around without aim. There is a difference between doing nothing and having nothing to do.One is done_9_while the other is a product of consequence.If you find yourself wandering_10_，its time to rest.Wandering around，feeling anxious and_11_is a sign of burnout(倦怠)It could be from work，studies，and even arguments with a loved one.If your_12_an mood is not controlled，you might get depressed.Take a(n)_13_；give yourself a chance to be like a pigeon just perching somewhere. If you need_14_on how to do this，you may consult any of the old men sitting in Chinatown.You may be invited to hang out with them.If not，pick up a_15_hobby，which can help you find a new world.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。坐在街边上的一排老人让作者想起了栖息在篱笆上的鸽子。放慢你生活的步伐，去寻找心灵的那份宁静吧！ 1. A.competed Bperformed Cdressed Dstudied 解析：由下文wearing decent(体面的)clothing及对这些老人生活状态的描述得出：这些悠闲的老人已经没有什么家庭负担，他们穿着(dressed)很好。答案：C2. A.always Bsometimes Cnever Doften解析：从本空后most times可知：当他们坐成一排时，有时(sometimes)互相闲聊。但是，多数情况下他们只是看着路人。答案：B3. A.informed Bwarned Ctold Dreminded解析：本空后就是这些老人让作者想起的事物：这些老人让作者想到(reminded)那些快乐地栖息在篱笆上的鸽子。 答案：D4. A.happy Bcareful Cserious Dattractive 解析：根据上下文老人的状态可知：他们无所事事，心情快乐(happy)。答案：A5. A.art Bdisaster Cjoke Dchallenge 解析：本段讲述什么事情也不做的好处，所以作者认为这也是一种艺术(art)。答案：A6. A.frightening Bcalming Cexciting Dconfusing 解析：从上文slow down及下文improves health and reduces the chances for heart disease得出：它能让人心气和(calming)。答案：B 7. A.argue Bwander Clook Dtravel 解析：根据下文wandering around可知：他们无事可做，也不知道该做什么。 答案：B8. A.teaches Bpersuades Corders Dallows 解析：只有无头脑的鸡才会让(allows)自己这样(无目的地闲逛)。答案：D9. A.luckily Bright Cnormally Dpurposely 解析：根据下文a product of consequence可知，此处是指一个是有目的，另外一个却是结果的产物。答案：D10.A.hungrily Bslowly Caimlessly Dfreely解析：由第9空后without aim判断：如果你发现自己漫无目的地(aimlessly)闲逛，那么你就该休息一下了。答案：C11A.amazed Bexcited Cfrightened Dbored 解析：与本空前restless构成并列：到处闲逛，感到焦躁不安和无聊(bored)就是你倦怠的迹象。答案：D12. A.skill Benergy Cexperience Dcareer解析：从下文get depressed可知：如果你不能掌控你的精力(energy)和情绪，那么你就可能变得沮丧。答案：B13. A.break Bexam Ctrip Drisk 解析：由第l0空后its time to rest得出：休整一下(break)，给自己一个机会能够像一只悠闲栖息的鸽子。答案：A14. A.ambition Bencouragement Cagreement Dadvise解析：根据下文consult可知：如果你需要关于此的建议(advise)，你可以去咨询坐在唐人街上的任何老人。答案：D15A.old Bpopular Cnew Dfamiliar解析：根据下文a new world可知：如果不行，你可以开始一个新(new)爱好，这会帮你找到一个新天地。答案：C第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。We high school students do have some growing pains，but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely.16._，some of us are upset 17._ our body styles and looks.Its unnecessary and its not important at all.We neednt care about it.It is ones inner beauty 18._ matters.Second，we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 19._ our teachers，parents and classmates.20._ (face)with this，we can find a proper time to have a hearttoheart talk with them，trying to remove the 21._ (understand)Some of us have fewer friends.I think being openminded and friendly will do us good.Third，we may fall behind others,22._ makes us stressed.Actually we can encourage 23._ to work efficiently，full of 24._ (determine)At last，some of us dont have much pocket money，so we feel unhappy.Isnt it strange? So long as we have some，thats enough.And we can learn 25._ to spend money.16解析：下文有second，third等，此处用first，列举成长中的烦恼。答案：First17解析：词组be upset about sth.的意思是“因而难过/烦恼”。答案：about18解析：这里是强调句型：It is.that.答案：that19解析：be misunderstood by表示 “被误解”。答案：by20解析：Faced with isWhen we are faced with this：当我们面临这个问题时。答案：Faced21解析：remove the misunderstanding(s)的意思是“消除误会”。答案：misunderstanding(s)22解析：which引导非限制性定语从句。答案：which23解析：encourage ourselves：自我鼓励。答案：ourselves24解析：介词of 后用名词，所以填determination。答案：determination25解析：这里指学会如何花钱。答案：how第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHe is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.Professor Hawking said：“My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，” he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.”But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”语篇解读：文章向我们介绍了传奇科学家霍金。26Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AStephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.BStephen Hawking couldnt read at the age of 7.CStephen Hawkings handwriting was once terribly bad.DStephen Hawkings sister once performed much better than him.解析：细节理解题。由第三段的“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的，但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。新-课 -标 -第- 一-网答案：A27We can infer that Stephen Hawking was_when he was a child and studied in Oxford University.Aclever BlazyCbright Dmean解析：推理判断题。由第一段特别是But outstanding astrophysicist Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.和第二段开头句可知，他小时候和在大学里是非常懒惰的。故选B项。答案：B28What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?APatience. BKnowledge.CDisease. DLaziness.解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“.only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone disease made him concentrate on his work.”可知，是“运动神经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。答案：C29What can we learn from the last paragraph?AStephen Hawking didnt realize his dreams in physics.BIt was possible for Hawking to face the early death.CThe purpose of the doctors diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.DHis life might be taken away by long hard work.解析：段落大意题。由最后一段，特别是信息句“He said，When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。故选B项。答案：B30From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at school?AHis sister. BHis classmates.CHis teachers. DHis parents.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知，尽管老师不看好他，同学仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号，他们从他身上看到好的一面。答案：BBEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse.Now Halley set to work, He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607 and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halleys comet, in his honour.语篇解读：本文讲述科学家哈雷发现哈雷彗星的运行轨迹和特点。31Halley made his discovery_.Aby doing experimentsBby means of his own careful observationCby using the work of other scientistsDby chance解析：细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，其他选项与本文内容不符。答案：C32Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year_.A1704B1705C1706D1707解析：计算推理题。首先确定彗星下次出现的时间是l758年，然后确定这一时间距离他预测的时间是53年，1758531705。答案：B33This text in general is about_.AHalley and other scientists Bthe orbit of a cometCNewton and Halley DHalley and his discovery解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，就可以看出文章的每一段都在介绍哈雷及他的发现，另外也可以从文章的首尾句看出本文的大意。答案：D34Which of the following is TRUE?AEdmund Halley was an American scientist.BHalley made his discovery by doing experiment.CIsaac Newton was a famous mathematician.DThe orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.解析：辨别正误题。本文第一句说哈雷是一个英国科学家，所以A项是错误的。从第二句话可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，所以B项是错误的。从第二段最后一句话可以得知哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，所以排除D项。答案：C35This passage is probably written to_.Ageneral readers Bcollege studentsCscientists Dastronomers解析：可以用排除法。文章没有特别说明写给谁，故推理是一般的读者。答案：ACSomeday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites youve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, its likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a policeman or a criminal. Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seenthe 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露) yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. Actually few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (面包屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like. In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not， increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret.The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”But people say one thing and do another. Only a small part of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费亭)to avoid using the EZPass system that can track(跟踪) automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50centsoff coupon(优惠券)But privacy does matter at least sometimes. Its like health：when you have it，you dont notice it. Only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.语篇解读：在这个信息化、高科技化的时代，我们变得越来越“透明”几乎没什么隐私。多数人对此抱有忧虑，但实际上却很少有人在现实生活中去保护自己的隐私。专家指出，隐私犹如健康，不要等到失去了才后悔。 36From Paragraph 2，we can infer_.Acriminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technologyBpeople tend to be more frank with each other in the information ageCin the 21st century people try every means to look into others secretsDpeoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge解析：考查推理判断。根据第二段“they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen”可知。答案：D37What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?AThere should be a distance even between friends.BThere should be fewer quarrels between friends.CFriends should always be faithful to each other.DFriends should open their hearts to each other.解析：考查具体细节。根据第三段“Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy.”可知与朋友保持适当距离是有益的。答案：A38Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？AThere are always people who are curious about others affairs.BMany search engines profit by revealing peoples identities.CPeople leave traces around when using modern technology.DModern society has finally developed into an open society.解析：考查猜测句意。根据第三段“.bread crumbs you leave everywhere make it easy.”可知在这个高科技化的时代人们几乎没有秘密。答案：CxKb 1. Com 39What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?AThey change behaviors that might disclose their identity.BThey talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.CThey rely more and more on electronic equipment.DThey use various loyalty cards for business deals.解析：考查具体细节。根据倒数第二段第一句“But people say one thing and do another”可知。答案：B40According to the passage，privacy is like health in that_.Aits importance is rarely understoodBit is something that can easily be lostCpeople will make every effort to keep itDpeople dont treasure it until they lose it解析：考查主旨大意。根据文章大意和最后一段可知，隐私和健康的相似点在于，人们直到失去了才知道珍惜。答案：DDFranz Kafka wrote that “a_book_must_be_the_ax_(斧子)_for_the_frozen_sea_inside_us”I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didnt seem to require any explanation.Wed just finished John Steinbecks novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying？” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am，” I told her, “and the funny thing is Ive read it many times.”But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, Ive taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive(辱骂的)parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand，more than I ever will, the novels terrible logicthe giving way of dreams to fate (命运)For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoolone that often attracts the literaryminded children of Manhattans upper classesinto a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.s.Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didnt always read from the expected point of view.About The Red Pony, one student said, “its about being a man, its about manliness.”I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeths soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbecks writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and theyre all white”. His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former stu