大学英语期末复习资料.docx

My husband is in the hospital with cancer and has been seriously ill for a month. He was always 1. slender , but he has lost a lot of weight. I find myself 2. astonished that I hardly recognize him. Now, his yellow skin hangs 3. loosely on his skeleton, as he lies there unaware. A machine next to the bed records his slow 4. pulse . I have sat here waiting for some 5. hint of lifea finger movement, anythingbut there is never any change. Time seems to stand still and I feel my own pulse 6. quicken and hear my own breathing. Doctors and nurses come in and out at 7. intervals and look at his charts. Our eyes meet and somehow, together, we become 8. aware that this is a special moment for us. I know that he would want me to be bold and show strength as he always had. He is the man who 9. volunteered at countless community associations while he himself was ill. He is a man with 10. responsibility who never needed a calendar to remember a friend or relatives birthday or our anniversary. It is my duty to show how proud I am to have been a part of this great mans life.Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when all necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past one hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can go to school. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an important job. In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be responsible. This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in the past. These increases have come about because people have realized that quality people, individuals who are highly able to teach, will not do it if they are not offered enough money. Today almost no one says that anybody will do for a teacher. The public expects quality people to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers1. In the authors opinion, the job of a teacher _D_.A. is done best by family membersB. is too complex for most people C. is free of rules .D. is important for society 2. The cause for the new job of teacher was _B_.A. the increased importance of labor B. the need for specialistsC. the strict rules of the government D. the increased number of children in school 3. According to the writer, _A_ is on the increase nowadays. A. a need for teachers to have responsibility for themselvesB. a need for teachers to teach responsibility to students C. the numbers of students who are entering schoolD. the numbers of people who take the job of teacher 4. We learn from this passage that _C_.A. money encourages teachers to be responsible B. money is not a responsible reason to become a teacher C. money is a good way to attract people to become teachers D. money was much higher for teachers in the past 5. What do people hardly ever say these days? AA. Anyone can be a teacher. B. Progress is being made. C. Teachers have abilities. D. Quality people are teaching the youngFor most people learning to drive, the driving test arises ahead as a major barrier. It is also a general source of conversation whenever drivers are gathered together. There are probably more tall stories about the driving test than about any other motoring subjects; the most remarkable thing about those stories is the number of times the old ones appear again, years after they were first heard, in new and exaggerated forms. All driving examiners have had to pass a very strict selection process, followed by at least six weeks training. In the course of this training the Department makes sure that their driving is of a consistently high standard. Driving test centers are chosen with equal care. It would be nice to have centers and examiners town by town. But this is just not possible, because the centers have to be at places where there is enough parking space for candidates (考生) and where there are enough test routes. Routes are carefully chosen to make sure that they are all roughly comparable-the proportion of right and left turns, hills, pedestrian (行人) crossings and so on. The object of all this is to make sure, as far as possible, that all candidates in the driving test have to cope with the same sort of conditions whether they take the test in New York or California. The work that examiners do in actually carrying out tests is checked continuously by supervising examiners. This is to make as sure as possible that every candidate for the driving test has a proper and equal chance of showing the examiner, in the words of the Regulations, that he is competent to drive without danger to and with due consideration for other users of the road. This is all that the examiner is concerned with.6. It can be learned from the passage that _A_. A. whenever people learning to drive get together, they often talk about the driving test B. new and exaggerated stories about the test are always appearing C. there are more tall stories about the driving test than any other subject D. the same stories about the test reappear years later 7. According to the passage, driving examiners _C_.A. are trained for six weeks, then have a difficult selection interview B. are given regular driving tests themselves by supervising examiners C. sometimes have more than six weeks training D. are tested during the selection process to see if their driving is of a high standard 8. There isnt a test center in every town because _D_.A. some examiners can go to occasional centers from the permanent centers B. routes and conditions have to be the same everywhere C. there has to be enough parking space for the candidates and the examiners D. not every town could provide enough test routes close to permanent centers 9. We can judge from this passage that _D_.A. the detailed records are checked after each test by a supervising examiner B. sometimes candidates are tested by a supervising examinerC. its true that some examiners never pass anyone on Thursday afternoons D. examiners are only concerned with a candidates ability to drive 10. It can be inferred from this passage that _A_.A. test routes have roughly the same conditions everywhereB. candidate drivers pass the test C. all candidates are treated equally by the examiners during the test D. some test centers do not have enough parking spaceYou must face the fact that in your inmost heart you hate the thought of moving. It is easiest not to leave the rooms where your children passed through their wonderful childhood and annoying teens to a friendly but slightly distant maturity. Until, suddenly one day, the distance is absolute and they are grown up and gone. Then you find yourself living in too large a house, which consumes in its maintenance too much energy and money. When we found ourselves in this situation a few years ago, we determined to move while we still had the strength and before the emotional ties that the old house had wrapped around us became too powerful to be broken. Move while you can! But be sure you really want to, and do not move too often. It is an exhausting process. Your first task is to find a house that will suit you. It must be smaller, quieter, easier to run, and more conveniently placed for transport. Not so small, though, that it will not have room for your largest pieces of furniture, and located not too far from the neighborhood where so many friendships have been built up. At last we found one: a late Victorian cottage, in a street where the houses, all small, range from late 18th to mid 20th century. It was near enough to where we wanted to live. It had no basement (底下层), which was a great convenience for aging legs; there were only two floors: one for ourselves and one where friends, children, and grandchildren could spread themselves when they came to stay. Each floor had two rooms. There was a kitchen on the ground floor, with the bathroom above it.1. The passage concerns _D_. A. buying a house for a newly married couple B. buying a large house for a growing family C. buying a better house when people have more money to spend D. buying a smaller house for older people whose children have left home 2. The passage implies that grown-up children are _C_. A. more friendly to their parents when they are grown up B. distant from their parents C. friendly but not very close D. annoying 3. The author decided to move _A_. A. when his house gave him too much work and cost too much to run B. when he grew tired of his house C. when he suddenly got the strength to do so D. before the house collapsed 4. The author advises people in his own situation _B_. A. to move into a very small house B. to move somewhere where the largest possible pieces of furniture will fit C. not to move too far from the main road D. to choose somewhere not so noisy 5. According to the passage, the new house had _A_. A. two floors B. three floors C. four floors D. two bathroomsEquipment operator Dick Kemp is the proud owner of over 90 old trucks. Some of his vehicles date back as far as 1916, just twenty years after the first motorized truck was ever built and a time when there were only 160,000 trucks in the United States-compared with the 36,000,000 trucks that roar along the nations highways nowadays. One of Kemps most unusual trucks is a 1916 Selden with wooden spikes which was once used as a street sprinkler. Kemp began his collection in 1952 with a 1930 Bulldog Mack which he bought for only $50. This same vehicle was valued in the year 2006 at nearly a thousand times that price. Every year thousands of visitors come from all over the U.S. and Canada to see Kemps collection, which is exhibited in a large garage and in a yard next-door. The Mack Truck Museum is open for public viewing and there is no charge. There is even a model truck playground for children to play in while their parents look at the real things. Kemp does his own restoration work, making all the trucks look shiny and run smoothly. Many truck parts he has to make for himself because manufacturers have discontinued production long, long ago. He has received countless offers to sell his trucks, but his answer is always the same: Nothing for Sale.6. The passage says that Dick Kemps job is _B_. A. museum worker B. equipment operator C. truck driver D. truck manufacturer 7. In which year was Kemps unusual Selden truck made? BA. 1952. B. 1916. C. 1930. D. 2006. 8. Where does Kemp show his trucks? AA. In and near a garage. B. Around the US and Canada. C. On the nations highways. D. In a museum next to his home. 9. _B_ might be appropriate for children. A. The Mack Truck Museum B. Kemps truck playground C. Restoration work D. Kemps collection 10. What does Kemp do himself? CA. Order discontinued parts. B. Operate the museum. C. Repair the trucks. D. Sell the trucks.Video GamingAs video gaming spreads, the discussion about its social impact is intensifying. Is it a new medium equivalent to film and music, a valuable educational tool, a form of harmless fun or something terrible that makes children violent and stupid? Video gaming is all these things, depending on whom you ask. Amid all the arguments, however, three important factors are generally overlooked: that attitudes to gaming are marked by a generational divide; that there is no convincing evidence that games make people violent; and that games have great potential in education. Attitudes towards gaming Attitudes towards gaming depend to a great extent on age. In America, for example, half of the population plays computer or video games. However most players are under 40according to Nielsen, a market-research firm, 76% of themwhile most critics of gaming are over 40. An entire generation that began gaming as children has kept playing. The average age of American gamers is 30. Most are computer natives who grew up with technology, argues Marc Prensky of Games2train, a firm that promotes the educational use of games. He describes older people as computer immigrants who, like newcomers anywhere, have had to adapt in various ways to their new technological world. Just getting by in a foreign land without some grasp of the local language is difficult, says Mr. Prensky. Computer immigrants have had to learn to use technologies such as the Internet and mobile phones. But relatively few of them have embraced video games. The word game itself also confuses matters, since it makes them seem like playthings. What they dont understand, because theyve never played them, is that these are complex games, which take 30, 40 or 100 hours to complete, says Mr. Prensky. Games are, in fact, played mainly by young adults. Only a third of gamers are under 18. Its just a generational divide, says Gerhard Florin, the European boss of Electronic Arts, the worlds biggest games publisher. People do not know what they are talking about, because they have never played a game. And yet, they say that millions of gamers are stupid or violent. Computer natives who have played video games since childhood already regard them as a form of entertainment equivalent to films and music. Older computer natives now have children of their own and enjoy playing video games with them. The gaming industry is trying to address the generational divide. It is producing games designed to appeal to people who have never played games and encouraging gamers (who may occasionally play simple web-based games, or games on mobile phones) to play more. This has led to the development of games with a wider appeal. Some of them replace the usual control pad with novel input devices: microphones (麦克风) for singing games, cameras for dancing and action games, and even musical instruments. In addition, the industry has started to attract more women, who seem to prefer social simulation (模拟) games such as The Sims, and older people, who (if they play games at all) often prefer versions of card games and board games. Other promising areas include portable (便携式的) gaming, mobile gaming and online downloads of simple games. Many people enjoy gaming, but do not necessarily want to commit themselves to a long quest that will take dozens of hours to complete. May gaming make people violent? But arent critics right to worry that gaming might make people violent? In his paper, Mr. Williams describes his study carried out with Marko Skoric of the University of Michigan. The study concentrated on a massively multiplayer (多人参与的) online role-playing game (MMORPG) called Asheron Call 2. This type of game requires the player to wander around a fantasy world and kill monsters to build up attribute points. It is virtually more violent than the average video game and should have more effect, given the highly repetitive nature of the violence, the researchers noted. Two groups of subjects were recruited, none of whom had played MMORPGs before and many of whom had never played video games at all. One group then played the game for a month, for an average of nearly two hours per day. The other group acted as a control. All people who participated were asked questions about how often they had aggressive social interactions (such as arguments with their spouses) during the course of the month to test the idea that gaming makes people more aggressive. Game players, it turned out, were no more aggressive than the control group. Whether the test subjects had played games before, the number of hours spent gaming, and whether they liked violent movies or not, made no difference. The researchers noted, however, that more research is still needed to assess the impact of other types of games. All games are different, and only when more detailed studies have been carried out will it be possible to say anything about the impact of gaming. Games have great potential in education. Whats more, plenty of games, far from encouraging violence, are morally complex, subtle and, very possibly, improving. Many now explicitly require players to choose whether to be good or evil, and their choices determine how the game they are playing develops. Several games based on the Star Wars movies require players to choose between the light and dark sides of the Force, equivalent to good and evil. Even games with no educational purpose require players to learn a great deal. Games are complex and force players to make a huge number of decisions. Gamers must construct ideas about the in-game world, learn its rules through trial and error (错误) , solve problems and puzzles, develop strategies and get help from other players through the Internet when they get stuck. Games can be used in many other ways. Tim Rylands, a British teacher in a primary school near Bristol, recently won an award from Becta, a government education agency, for using computer games in the classroom. By projecting the fantasy world of Myst, a role-playing game, on to a la