螺旋桨设计.docx

船舶原理推进 5060109110 张云龙 螺旋桨设计计算书船舶原理推进1.船体主要数据船型：单桨、集装箱船设计水线长 LWL=215.00m垂线间长 LPP=210.00m型宽 B=32.00m设计吃水 T=12.00m方形系数 CB=0.655排水量 =54000m3桨轴中心距基线 ZP=4.00m2.主机参数最大持续功率： 32000kw转速： 102rmin旋向： 右旋3.推进因子伴流分数 =0.24推力减额分数 t=0.16相对旋转效率 hR=1.0船身效率 hH=1-t1-=1.1053船体有效马力曲线航速（节）压载（千瓦）满载（千瓦）超满载（千瓦）19757994741136919.581561019412233208901111261335120.5972912162145942110604132551590521.51153314417173002212576157201886422.51383617295207542315466193332319923.51766622082264992420683258543102424.524812310153721825303963799545594柏利尔空泡限界线图4.可以达到的最大航速的计算取功率储备15%，轴系效率 hS=0.97螺旋桨敞水收到马力：PD=320000.85hShR=26384kw=35896.60hp假设有MAU5-70、MAU5-75、MAU5-80，按回归多项式以及回归系数计算。（源代码见附表1）表1 按回归多项式以及回归系数计算表项目单位数值假定航速Vkn21222324VA=1-Vkn15.9616.7217.4818.24BP=NPD0.5/VA2.518.99116.90615.12813.601BP4.3584.1123.8893.688MAU5-7048.878846.384844.119642.0548P/D0.89140.92280.95470.9867h00.65240.66680.67950.6906PTE=PDhHh0hp25367259282642126854MAU5-7548.845446.345344.073642.0022P/D0.90770.94010.97281.0056h00.64030.65380.66570.6761PTE=PDhHh0hp24895254212588326287MAU5-8048.940646.430544.149042.0679P/D0.92720.96050.99401.0276h00.62000.63220.64290.6523PTE=PDhHh0hp24106245812499725361据表1中的计算结果可绘制PTE、P/D及h0对V的曲线，如图1所示。图1 MAU5叶桨回归计算计算结果此处用MATLAB求得相关曲线交点。从PTE=f(V)曲线与船体满载有效马力曲线之交点，可获得不同盘面比所对应的设计航速及螺旋桨最佳要素P/D、D及h0。如表2所列。表2按图1设计计算的最佳要素MAUVmax/knP/DD/mh05-7023.02700.955644.06137.55980.67985-7522.94580.971044.19137.55530.66515-8022.80380.987444.58007.57460.64095.空泡校核按柏利尔空泡限界线中商船上限线，计算不发生空泡之最小展开面积比。桨轴沉深hs=T-ZP=12-4=8m Po-Pv=Pa+hs-PV=10330+1025.248-174=18357.92kgfm2计算温度 t=15 =104.63kgfs2m4 PV=174kgfm2 PD=35896.60hp图2空泡校核计算结果表3空泡校核计算结果序号项目单位数值MAU5-70MAU5-75MAU5-801Vmaxkn23.02722.945822.80382VA=0.5144Vmax(1-)m/s9.00238.97058.91503(0.7ND60)2(m/s)2798.7562797.8056801.88684V0.7R2=VA2+(3)(m/s)2879.7971878.2759881.36425=(p0-pv)12V0.7R20.39890.39950.39816c0.15160.15180.15157T=PDh075/VAkgf203303.0182199610.6785193545.4998Ap=T12V0.7R2cm229.136428.619027.70709AE=Ap/(1.067-0.229PD)m234.352233.883132.949710AE/Ao=AE/(4D2)0.76530.75580.7312据表3计算结果作图2，用MATLAB求得相关曲线交点。可求得不发生空泡的最小盘面比以及所对应的最佳螺旋桨要素。AE/Ao=0.7443 PD=0.9724 D=7.5560m h0=0.6634 Vmax=22.9361kn6.强度校核按2001年规范校核t0.25R及t0.6R，如表4，应不小于按下式计算之值：t=YK-X Y=1.36A1NeZbne X=A2GAdN2D31010Zb计算功率 Ne=3200010009.8750.97=42231.29hpAd=AE/Ao=0.7443 PD=0.9724 =10 G=7.6g/cm3 N=ne=102r/minb0.66R=0.226DAd(0.1Z)=0.2267.55600.74430.5=2.5420mb0.25R=0.7212b0.66R=1.8333mb0.6R=0.9911b0.66R=2.5194m表4强度校核计算表项目单位数值0.25R0.6R弦长bm1.83332.5194K1K2K3K46342501410420715163534A1=DPK1-K2DP0.7+K3DP0.7-K41833.6225672.2054Y=1.36A1Ne(Zbne)82787.895822084.8932K5K6K7K8823441380231265330A2=DPK5+K6+K7+K81223.97781127.0588材料系数K(铝镍青铜)1.381.38X=A2GAdN2D3(1010Zb)0.33900.2272t=Y(K-X)mm282.0067138.4082MAU标准桨叶厚度tmm292.02166.5校核结果满足要求满足要求mm292.02168.09实际桨叶厚度按t0.1R=0.0035D=26.45mm与t0.25R=292.02mm连直线决定：t0.2=309.72mm t0.3=274.32mmt0.4=238.91mm t0.5=203.50mmt0.6=168.09mm t0.7=132.68mm t0.8=97.27mm t0.9=61.86mm7.螺距修正根据尾轴直径大小，决定毂径比dhD=0.17，此值比MAU桨标准毂径比略小，对此项螺距进行修正。所需的螺距比修正量为：(PD)B=110dhD-dhD=-0.001 0.7R处标准桨厚度t0.7=0.0171D=129.21mm由于实际桨叶厚度大于MAU桨标准厚度，故需因厚度差异进行螺距修正。设计桨 (tb)0.7R=0.132680.99642.5420=0.05238标准桨 (tb)0.7R=0.0171D0.99640.750.150.226D=0.05062 （取MAU5-75为基准桨）1-s=VANP=1-V30.866NP=0.7622.936130.8661027.3475=0.7179(tb)0.7=(tb)0.7设-(tb)0.7标0.750.74430.75=0.00103(PD)t=-2(PD)0(1-s)(tb)0.7R=-20.97240.71790.00103=-0.001438修正后的螺距比PD=(PD)0+(PD)t+(PD)B=0.9724-0.001-0.001438=0.97008.重量及惯性矩计算根据中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院提出的公式：桨叶重 Gb1=0.169Zbmax0.5t0.2+t0.61-dDD(kgf) 桨榖重 Gn=0.88-0.6d0dLKd2kgf螺旋桨重量 G=Gb1+Gn 螺旋桨惯性矩 Imp=0.0948Zbmax0.5t0.2+t0.6D3(kgfcms2) (dD0.18)式中：桨叶最大宽度bmax=2.542m；主机最大持续功率情况下的螺旋桨收到马力PD=35896.60hp；螺旋桨在相应收到马力下的转速N=102r/min；0.2R和0.6R处切面的最大厚度t0.2=0.30972m，t0.6=0.16809m；轴毂配合的锥度K=1/13；毂长LK=d+0.1=1.4m；材料重量密度=7.6gcm3=7600kgfm3；桨叶数Z=5；桨榖直径d=1.3m；螺旋桨直径D=7.5560m；桨榖长度中央处轴径d0=0.045+0.108（PDN）13-KLK2=0.7537m；代入上式计算得到：桨叶重量 Gb1=32982.07kgf桨榖重量 Gn=9568.70kgf螺旋桨总重 G=42550.77kgf螺旋桨惯性矩 Imp=1279023.7kgfcms29.敞水性征曲线之确定按回归多项式以及回归系数计算，得到设计桨MAU5-74.43，PD=0.9724的敞水性征曲线如图3，其数据见表5。（源代码见附表2）图3设计桨的敞水性征曲线表5设计桨的敞水特性数据表J00.10.20.30.4KT0.47530.44420.40920.37090.3295KQ0.06720.06330.05900.05420.0491J0.50.60.70.80.9KT0.28540.23880.19000.13900.0860KQ0.04370.03790.03170.02510.018110.系柱特性计算由图3及表5得J=0时，KT=0.4753 KQ=0.0672计算功率 PD=320000.9710009.875=42231.29hp系柱推力减额分数取 t0=0.04主机转矩Q=PD60752N=42231.2960752102=296528.78kgfm系柱推力T=KTKQQD=0.47530.0672296528.787.5560=277570.59kgf螺旋桨转速N=60TD4KT=78.51r/min11.航行特性计算取转速为102r/min，94r/min，86r/min进行按回归多项式以及回归系数计算，结果如表6所示。（源代码见附表3）表6航行特性计算表项目单位数值Vkn2122232425VA=0.51441-Vm/s8.20988.60088.99179.38279.7736N102r/minJ=VA/nD0.63910.66960.70000.73040.7609KT0.21860.20370.18860.17330.1578KQ0.03530.03340.03150.02950.0275PTE=KTn2D41-tV/145.6hp2610825486246692365322435PS=KQ2n3D5/75hShRhp3855936505344123227730099N94r/minJ=VA/nD0.69350.72660.75960.79260.8256KT0.19180.17530.15850.14150.1242KQ0.03190.02980.02760.02540.0231PTE=KTn2D41-tV/145.6hp1945718623176031639514996PS=KQ2n3D5/75hShRhp2728525478236312174319812N86r/minJ=VA/nD0.75800.79410.83020.86630.9024KT0.15930.14070.12180.10260.0832KQ0.02770.02530.02280.02030.0177PTE=KTn2D41-tV/145.6hp13520125091132299588411PS=KQ2n3D5/75hShRhp1816316583149621330011594图4航行特性曲线将上述计算结果绘成图4。由图中可求得压载航行时可达到最大航速约为V=23.53kn，主机马力为33311hp。超满载航行时可达最大航速约为V=21.95kn，主机马力为36950hp。满载航行，N=102r/min时，可达到最大航速约为V=22.79kn，主机马力为V=34852hp，与设计要求基本一致。12.螺旋桨计算总结螺旋桨直径 D=7.5560m螺距比 PD=0.9700型式 MAU叶数 Z=5盘面比 AE/Ao=0.7443纵倾角 =10螺旋桨效率 h0=0.6634设计航速 Vmax=22.9361kn毂径比 dhD=0.17旋向 右旋材料 Cu3镍铝青铜重量 42550.77kgf惯性矩 1279023.7kgfcms213.设计总结本次设计整体上经过了基本参数的初步确定、通过各项性能校核确定最佳基本参数、对选区参数的螺旋桨进行强度的校核和性能的修正、预测该螺旋桨的实际航行性能并与设计要求相比较。设计总体的关键实际上在于第一步，基本参数设定时选取的方法不同，将直接导致的设计精度和参数设计优良程度，进而影响后续的所有参数处理过程。通过设计的过程，个人认为对于技术已经成熟的系列桨设计，利用系列桨图谱进行设计可以得到比较好的精度和与设计要求相符的程度，个人采取的利用回归多项式和回归系数辅以计算机而完成的参数计算，与其他方法比较可以发现，该种方法设计的桨的参数要略大于其他方法设计得到的参数。总体而言，通过这次的设计，主要得到了一下几个方面的认识。(1)对螺旋桨的设计和计算过程有了实际的操作经历。(2)对于不同的设计方法的优缺点有了直接的认识。(3)了解了螺旋桨的各个参数的重要程度，从而得到了螺旋桨设计过程的侧重点。附表1最大航速确定源代码#include stdio.h#include math.hint n;double pd=35896.60;double N=102;double w=0.24; double t=0.16;double bp,va,bps,v;void calculator()va=(1-w)*v;bp=N*pow(pd,0.5)/pow(va,2.5);bps=sqrt(bp);double delta(double x)int i;double del=0;double c8=13.34629,10.57914,-0.01699188,0.7553662e-5,-0.2363072e+2,0.1271846e+2,0.8845788,-0.4082846e-6;double ii8=0,1,3,6,0,0,1,7;double jj8=0,0,1,2,1,2,4,3;for(i=0;i=7;i+)del=del+ci*pow(bps,iii)*pow(x,jji);return(del);double pD(double x)int i;double pD=0;double d11=0.2020720e+1,-0.5540289,0.7619289e-1,-0.1940969e-2,-0.2383249e-3,0.1738893e-5,-0.654265e-7,0.1872267,-0.7578786e-1,0.6260398e-7,0.3688448; double ii11=0,1,2,3,4,6,7,0,1,6,0; double jj11=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4,1,4,1;for(i=0;i=10;i+)pD=pD+di*pow(bps,iii)*pow(x,jji);return(pD);double kt(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kt=0;double a16=0.5367018e-1,-0.3023566,0.4333625,-0.1065471,-0.6582904,0.1189101,-0.4408557e-3,-0.3317857e-1,0.1151124e+1,0.1960773,-0.9747062e-1,0.2036384,-0.2566153,-0.1370242,-0.2874294,-0.2851609;double ii16=0,0,1,0,2,1,6,1,2,0,3,1,1,0,0,2;double jj16=0,1,0,2,0,3,0,4,0,0,0,1,1,2,0,0;double kk16=0,0,0,1,3,1,0,1,2,3,1,0,1,0,2,1;for(i=0;i16;i+)kt=kt+ai*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kt);double kq10(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kq10=0;double b23=-0.9251390e-1,-0.1229000,0.3050697,-0.2935303,-0.3991474,-0.1022050e+1,0.1022833e-1,0.3521100e-2,0.2552059e-2,0.2143532,0.7131110e-3,0.2078488,0.6397053,0.9404846e-3,-0.2930044e-1,-0.7807623e-1,-0.3025523,0.1855105,-0.6724210,-0.2087142,0.9400654,0.9316346,-0.4348397e-1; double ii23=0,2,1,0,2,1,7,1,5,0,4,1,1,7,0,0,2,1,2,4,3,2,6; double jj23=0,0,1,2,0,1,0,0,2,1,4,2,0,1,1,4,2,3,1,0,0,1,0; double kk23=0,0,0,0,1,1,0,3,0,3,0,1,0,0,1,0,3,1,2,3,1,3,0;for(i=0;i23;i+)kq10=kq10+bi*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kq10);void main() int i,j; double ae3,delt,PD,J,KT,KQ10,efficiency,pt;FILE *fp;fp=fopen(data.txt,w+);printf(输入计算航速的个数:n);scanf(%d,&n);printf(输入所取的三个盘面比:n);for(i=0;i3;i+)printf(输入第%d个盘面比:,i+1);scanf(%lf,&aei);printf(n);for(i=0;in;i+) printf(n输入航速V:nn); scanf(%lf,&v); fprintf(fp,n航速=%lfn,v); for(j=0;j=2;j+) fprintf(fp,n盘面比=%lfnn,aej); calculator(); delt=delta(aej); PD=pD(aej); J=30.86/delt; KT=kt(PD, J, aej); KQ10=kq10(PD, J, aej); efficiency=10*KT*J/(KQ10*6.283185307); pt=pd*efficiency*(1-t)/(1-w); fprintf(fp,=%-10.4lf ,delt); fprintf(fp,P/D=%-8.4lf ,PD); fprintf(fp,0 =%-8.4lf ,efficiency); fprintf(fp,Pte =%-15.4lfn ,pt); fclose(fp);附表2敞水性征曲线计算源代码#include stdio.h#include math.hint n;double pd=35896.60double N=102;double w=0.24;double t=0.16;double va,v;double kt(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kt=0;double a16=0.5367018e-1,-0.3023566,0.4333625,-0.1065471,-0.6582904,0.1189101,-0.4408557e-3,-0.3317857e-1,0.1151124e+1,0.1960773,-0.9747062e-1,0.2036384,-0.2566153,-0.1370242,-0.2874294,-0.2851609;double ii16=0,0,1,0,2,1,6,1,2,0,3,1,1,0,0,2;double jj16=0,1,0,2,0,3,0,4,0,0,0,1,1,2,0,0;double kk16=0,0,0,1,3,1,0,1,2,3,1,0,1,0,2,1;for(i=0;i16;i+)kt=kt+ai*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kt);double kq10(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kq10=0;double b23=-0.9251390e-1,-0.1229000,0.3050697,-0.2935303,-0.3991474,-0.1022050e+1,0.1022833e-1,0.3521100e-2,0.2552059e-2,0.2143532,0.7131110e-3,0.2078488,0.6397053,0.9404846e-3,-0.2930044e-1,-0.7807623e-1,-0.3025523,0.1855105,-0.6724210,-0.2087142,0.9400654,0.9316346,-0.4348397e-1; double ii23=0,2,1,0,2,1,7,1,5,0,4,1,1,7,0,0,2,1,2,4,3,2,6; double jj23=0,0,1,2,0,1,0,0,2,1,4,2,0,1,1,4,2,3,1,0,0,1,0; double kk23=0,0,0,0,1,1,0,3,0,3,0,1,0,0,1,0,3,1,2,3,1,3,0;for(i=0;i23;i+)kq10=kq10+bi*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kq10);void main() int i; double ae,PD,KT,KQ10; double J10=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9;FILE *fp;fp=fopen(data.txt,w+);printf(输入最佳航速:n);scanf(%lf,&v);va=(1-w)*v;printf(输入最佳盘面比:n);scanf(%lf,&ae);printf(输入最佳螺距比:n);scanf(%lf,&PD); fprintf(fp,n航速=%lfn,v); fprintf(fp,n盘面比=%lfn,ae); fprintf(fp,nP/D=%lfn,PD); for(i=0;i=9;i+) KT=kt(PD,Ji,ae); KQ10=kq10(PD,Ji,ae); fprintf(fp,J=%lf,KT=%lf,10KQ=%lfn,Ji,KT,KQ10); fclose(fp);附表3航行特性曲线源代码#include stdio.h#include math.hdouble w=0.24; /伴流分数double t=0.16;double kt(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kt=0;double a16=0.5367018e-1,-0.3023566,0.4333625,-0.1065471,-0.6582904,0.1189101,-0.4408557e-3,-0.3317857e-1,0.1151124e+1,0.1960773,-0.9747062e-1,0.2036384,-0.2566153,-0.1370242,-0.2874294,-0.2851609;double ii16=0,0,1,0,2,1,6,1,2,0,3,1,1,0,0,2;double jj16=0,1,0,2,0,3,0,4,0,0,0,1,1,2,0,0;double kk16=0,0,0,1,3,1,0,1,2,3,1,0,1,0,2,1;for(i=0;i16;i+)kt=kt+ai*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kt);double kq10(double x,double y,double z)int i;double kq10=0;double b23=-0.9251390e-1,-0.1229000,0.3050697,-0.2935303,-0.3991474,-0.1022050e+1,0.1022833e-1,0.3521100e-2,0.2552059e-2,0.2143532,0.7131110e-3,0.2078488,0.6397053,0.9404846e-3,-0.2930044e-1,-0.7807623e-1,-0.3025523,0.1855105,-0.6724210,-0.2087142,0.9400654,0.9316346,-0.4348397e-1; double ii23=0,2,1,0,2,1,7,1,5,0,4,1,1,7,0,0,2,1,2,4,3,2,6; double jj23=0,0,1,2,0,1,0,0,2,1,4,2,0,1,1,4,2,3,1,0,0,1,0; double kk23=0,0,0,0,1,1,0,3,0,3,0,1,0,0,1,0,3,1,2,3,1,3,0;for(i=0;i23;i+)kq10=kq10+bi*pow(x,iii)*pow(y,jji)*pow(z,kki);return(kq10);void main() int i,m,n,j; double ae,PD,KT,KQ10,v20,N20,va,J,D,pte,ps;FILE *fp;fp=fopen(data.txt,w+);printf(输入最佳盘面比:n);scanf(%lf,&ae);printf(输入最佳螺距比:n);scanf(%lf,&PD);printf(输入直径:n);scanf(%lf,&D); fprintf(fp,n盘面比=%lfn,ae); fprintf(fp,nP/D=%lfn,PD);printf(输入选择航速的个数:n);scanf(%d,&n);printf(输入选择的航速:n);for(i=0;in;i+)printf(v(%d)=:,i+1);scanf(%lf,&vi); printf(输入计算转速的个数:n); scanf(%d,&m); printf(输入选择的转速:n); for(i=0;im;i+) printf(N(%d)=:,i+1); scanf(%lf,&Ni); for(i=0;im;i+) fprintf(fp,N=%lfnn,Ni); Ni=Ni/60; for(j=0;jn;j+) va=0.5144*(1-w)*vj; J=va/Ni/D; KT=kt(PD,J,ae); KQ10=kq10(PD,J,ae); pte=KT*104.63*pow(Ni,2)*pow(D,4)*(1-t)*vj/145.6; ps=KQ10/10*2*3.14159*pow(Ni,3)*pow(D,5)*104.63/75/0.97; fprintf(fp,v=%lfn,vj); fprintf(fp,J=%lf, KT=%lf, 10KQ=%lf pte=%lf ps=%lfnn,J,KT,KQ10,pte,ps); fclose(fp);附表4 AU型螺旋桨回归多项式及回归系数对叶数Z固定后分别进行回归分析，得到以下计算推力系数KT、转矩系数KQ、最佳直径系数opt及相应螺距比PD的回归多项式，如下：KT=i=0n1j=0n2k=0n3Aijk(P/D)i(J)j(AE/AO)k10KQ=i=0n1j=0n2k=0n3Bijk(P/D)i(J)j(AE/AO)kopt=i=0n1j=0n2Cij(BP)i(AE/AO)jP/D=i=0n1j=0n2Dij(BP)i(AE/AO)j回归系数如下列表格所示：AU型五叶螺旋桨回归系数AijkNAijkijk.5367018E-011-.3023566E+00.001.00.002.4333625E+001.00.00.003