人教版八年级上Unit2讲解及练习.doc

Unit 2 Whats the matter?【重要词汇，短语】1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛 3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进 4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache =There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach5. Whats the matter? 怎么了？= Whats the trouble (with you)? = Whats your trouble?= Whats wrong (with you)? =What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you? =Is there anything wrong (with you)?= whats up?86. sore throat 咽喉痛 7. lie down and rest 躺下休息 8. see a dentist 看牙医9. drink lots of water 多喝水 10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶11.Thats a good idea 好主意12.Thats too bad 太糟糕了13.I think so 我认为如此14. Im not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服 = Im not feeling fine/all right. = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I dont feel well.15. get some rest 多休息 16. I have no idea = I dont know 17. stressed out 筋疲力尽 18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 20. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和 22. you have too much yin.你阴气太盛23. to eat a balance diet饮食平衡 24.healthy food 健康食品25. stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit 26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物, enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sthPractice doing sth.练习做某事，mind doing sth. 介意做某事，finish doing sth.完成某事，give up doing sth.放弃做某事，cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事，keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. 即：practice, mind, finish, give up, cant help, keep 与enjoy都可以+doing 28.at the moment = now 此刻 29. Host family 东道家庭 30. Conversation practice会话练习 31.Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过【重点句子】 1. Whats the matter？怎么了？ I have a cold. 我患感冒了。 matter作名词时，表“事情；问题；情况”，Whats the matter？ 常用来询问对方的病情或其他不适，也可用Whats wrong？ 或Whats the trouble with sb.？ 来表示，如要说明对象，则需要用介词with表示。如：Whats the matter，little boy？ 小男孩，你有什么事？ Whats wrong / the matter with her？她怎么了？ Whats your trouble，young man？年轻人，你怎么了？ 2. I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。 have vt.患（得）病，（不用于进行时态） He had a bad cold last week.他上周患了重感冒。 She often has a stomachache. 她常胃（肚子）疼。 一般情况下用havean.（病名）表示“患了某种疾病”。 have a cold 感冒 have a sore back 背痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a sore throat 嗓子痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a fever 发烧 have a backache 背痛 注意a在此不表示数量“一”，而是不定冠词加名词表示一类事物。 sore “痛，疼”，通常指因发炎引起的肌肉疼，在表示身体的某部位疼痛时，常置于部位名词前。ache常指持续性的疼痛，它常与身体部位的名词构成复合词，如：headache头痛，backache背疼等。 3.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。 should 用以表示劝告或推荐，意思是“应该”，其否定形式是shouldnt，意思是“不应该”。 如：You should stop smoking. 你应该戒烟。 You shouldnt leave a baby alone in the house. 你不应该把一个婴儿独自留在家里。 lie down意思是“躺下”，动词lie的过去式是lay，现在分词形式是lying. 如：She lay down on her bed. 她躺在床上。 I found a purse lying on the ground. 我发现地上有一个钱包。 rest可以作动词，也可以作名词，意思是“休息”。 如：Im so tired and I want to have a rest. 我太累了，我想休息一下。 Can I get some rest，mum？ 妈妈，我可以休息一会儿吗？4.That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来像是一个好主意。 idea意思是“主意；想法；思想”，good idea意思是“好主意”，一般用来表示赞同。 如：Thats a good idea. 那是一个好主意。 Why not go to the park？ 为什么不去公园呢？ Good idea. 好主意。 sound like 意思是“听起来像”，sound是连系动词，它也能作名词，意思是“声音”。 如：Your idea sounds like a good one. 你的想法听起来是个好主意。 We can hear the sound of birds singing in the morning. 早晨我们能听见鸟儿歌唱的声音。 5.I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起来。这是一句祝福用语，hope表示“祝愿；希望”。 如：We hope youre well. 我们希望你健康。 hope与wish都表示“希望”，但含义和用法不同。 wish后一般接含有虚拟语气的名词性从句，用以表示难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，有时也可用于表示对人的祝福（注意：wish后不能接动名词）。 如：I wish I were as strong as you. 我真希望我像你一样健壮。 I wish you success. 祝你成功。hope用于有可能实现的场合。hope后可接动词不定式、名词从句，但不能在接了动名词、名词或宾语后再加动词不定式。如：I hope that you will succeed. 我希望你会成功。 He hoped to get the first prize. 他希望获得一等奖。 6. Maybe you have too much yin. 也许你有太多的阴。 maybe 是副词，一般作状语，“很可能，大概“相当于perhaps。 may be是情态动词加动词原形，共同做谓语。 如： Maybe you are right. = You may be right. 或许你是对的。 too much 与much tootoo much的中心词是much， too修饰much，加强语气。too much 修饰不可数名词或单独使用，意思为“more than enough”，与too many相对，后者修饰可数名词或单独使用。如：Dont eat too much sugar. Its not good for your health.不要吃太多的糖，那对你的健康不好。 He drank too much， so he didnt feel very well. 他喝多了，所以他感觉很不舒服。much too的中心词是too， much修饰too，以加强语气，much too用在形容词或副词之前。如：My uncle is a businessman. Hes always much too busy. 我叔叔是个商人。他总是特别忙。 This sweater is much too expensive. 这件毛衣太贵了。7. Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet. 拥有一个健康的生活方式很容易，营养均衡很重要。 这是一个并列句，并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成。常见的并列句结构是：“简单句等立连词简单句”。等立连词之前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。等立连词通常是and， or， but等。 如：Youre alive！ And shes dead. 你活着！而她却死了。 Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. 蜂蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂却会蜇人。 Its 形容词to do sth. 是个固定句型，意思是“做某事是（怎样的）”。 类似的结构还有：“Its形容词for sb. to do sth.”意思是“对于某人来说，做某事是（怎样的）”。 如：Its easy to pass the English exam. 通过这次英语考试很容易。 Its difficult for me to work out the problem. 解决这个问题对我来说很困难。 stay healthy意思是“保持健康”，同be/keep healthy.stay为连系动词，意思是“持续不变；保持”。 如： He can stay so cool after such a hot argument. 这样一场激烈的争论过后，他能如此心平气和。 a balanced diet意思是“一个均衡的饮食”。balanced作形容词时，意思是“平衡的；平稳的”。 8.Then ask classmates for advice. 向你的同学征求建议。 advice意为“建议，忠告”，是不可数名词。可以用some, any, much, a little, a piece of等修饰。 a piece of advice一条建议 two pieces of advice. 两条建议 一些建议some advice与advice搭配构成短语的有：accept ones advice接受某人的意见，听从某人的忠告 take ones advice采纳某人的建议follow ones advice遵从某人的嘱咐ask（sb.）for advice 请提出建议，征求意见 give（sb.）advice给提出建议 refuse ones advice不听某人的劝告、忠告 advice on /about sth. “有关的建议”应用 如：Ill give you a piece of advice on how to learn English well.我将给你一条关于如何学好英语的建议。9. a balance of cooling yin and hot yang阴阳平衡 a balance of 的平衡 keep ones balance保持平衡 lose ones balance失去平衡 balanced adj. 平衡的，协调的 a balanced diet 均衡饮食10. on the other hand 另一方面，反过来说（副词词组） 如：Hot yang foods can give us more energy， but on the other hand they make us get fat easily. 热阳食物能给我们提供更多的能量，但另一方面也容易让我们发胖。 11. My parents want me to stay at home every night.我的父母让我每天晚上都呆在家里。 want sb. to do sth.让某人做某事 Mother wants her to drink milk every morning. Parents want us to clean our own rooms.12.I dont have enough money.我没有足够的钱。enough 足够的 修饰名词：enough +n.修饰形容词或副词：adj /adv + enough He didnt have enough time. He couldnt come back at once.他时间不够了，不能马上回来。 This room is big enough to hold 100 people. 这间房间够大,能容纳一百人。 13. He doesnt have any money, either.他也没有钱。 either 也(用于否定句) He doesnt have any money. I dont, either. too：也(用于肯定句或疑问句) Do you like living in Beijing, too?14.I dont want to surprise him. 我不想使他感到吃惊。 surprise是动词，“使感到吃惊“，做名词时，表示”一件奇怪或吃惊的事“ That was a surprise!真是奇怪！ We were surprised at what he said.我们对他的话感到惊奇。 surprised 和surprising是形容词，surprised与人连用，指人“对感到惊奇”。而surprising与物连用，表示“令人感到惊奇”。 What she said was surprising. 他的话令人吃惊。15. You could give him a ticket to a ball game.你可以给他一张球票。 a ticket to a ball game中to表所属关系。表示所属关系一般用of，但有几个用to， 如：the answer to the question这个问题的答案， the key to the door门上的钥匙， the way to the station到车站的路16. I dont want to talk about it on the phone.我不想在电话中谈这事。 talk about谈论内容；talk with与交谈 ；talk to对说 Lets talk about the picture.让我们看图说话吧。 My father is talking with my headteacher. 我爸爸正在跟我的班主任交谈。on the phone”通过电话，打电话”, 而表示“给某人打电话”用call/ring sb up, give sb a call, phone sb, give sb a call17. （sb.）pay（money）for sth.为.而付款 （sb.）spend（money）on sth在.上花多少钱 （sth.）cost sb.（money）什么东西值多少钱 这三个短语都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的是人，主语为人，而cost指的是物，主语为物。例如说他昨天花10元买了一本书。He paid 10 yuan for the book yesterday.他昨天为这本书付了10元钱。He spent 10 yuan on the book yesterday.他昨天花了10元钱（买）这本书。The book cost him 10 yuan yesterday.这本书花了他10元钱。注意以上三个动词的动词过去式为：pay-paid spend - spent cost-cost【语法知识】1. could 与should的用法could用于过去时或表示委婉的说法，还可以表示可能性和许可。在表示许可时，may比较正式。should是助动词shall的过去式，也相当于一个情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，用以表示劝告或推荐,译为“应该”，shouldnt “ 不应该”， 后面直接跟动词原形。 如：He should stop smoking. You shouldnt drink too much.二、 习题练习 （一）课堂练习单项选择A1. _I have a headache. A. Whats the matter, Judy?B. Where are you, Judy? C. Who are you?D. What are you doing, Judy? 2. He _ stay at home and look after his mother yesterday. A. needed toB. musted C. have to D. has to 3. I think walking is _ our health. A. good at B. bad at C. well in D. good for 4. We should not eat _ junk food. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too 5. How is the young man? _ A. He is twelve.B. Hes much better. C. He is a doctor. D. Hes Allan. 单项选择B1. Its very cold. There is _ snow on the road.A. much too B. too much C. very much2. Did you _ some medicine? A. take B. eat C. drink3. Are you feeling _ today? A. better B. good C. well4. Whats _ you? A. matter with B. matter of C. the matter with5. _ you have a sore throat? A. Do B. Are C. Can单项选择C1. You be quiet when you are in the reading room.A. shouldB. shouldntC. can D. cant2. Mom, I play computer games?Yes, you can. But you have to finish your homework first. A. must B. may C. will D. need3. Whats the matter with you? I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the4. I have got a bad cold. I feel terrible. A. All right. B. Is that so?C. Sorry to hear that. D. Im afraid so.5. This kind of cake looks and smells .A. good, well B. well, good C. good, good D. well, well6. I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because something is wrong with his .A. eyes B. legs C. mouth D. ears7. Chinese doctors believe that they should eat more foods tofu.A. for B. like C. as D. and8.You shouldnt drink water before sleep.A. too much B. much too C. too many D. too less9. important to exercise every day.A. Its B. Thats C. Theyre D. This is10. There is nothing for dinner, so I have to buy things at the supermarket.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little （二）课后练习 选择填空 ( ) 1. He shouldnt eat _ for 24 hours. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything ( ) 2. How are you? I am not _. A. feel well B. feel good C. feeling well D. feeling good ( ) 3. We cant get off the bus until the bus _. A. stop B. will stop C. stopped D. stops ( ) 4. Why are they _ and angry? A. to stress B. to be stressed C. stressing out D. stressed out ( ) 5. My watch needs _. A. repair B. repairs C. repairing D. to repair ( ) 6. Do you enjoying _ English? A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read ( ) 7. -_ I watch TV now? -No, you _ finish your homework. A. Must, neednt B. Can, may C. May, must D. May, mustnt ( ) 8. There is _ noise in the street, and its _ noisy. A. too much, much too B. much too, too much C. too many, much too D. too much, too many ( ) 9. I cant find the key to my car. It _ in your handbag. A. maybe B. may C. are maybe D. may be ( ) 10. Do you know the girl _ long hair? A. of B. in C. under D. with ( ) 11. I dont want to talk it _ phone. A. on B. by C. on the D. by the ( ) 12. You can _ some paper from your brother, and return it later on. A. take off B. lend C. borrow D. got ( ) 13. My friend always wears the same dress _ I do, which makes me angry. A. as B. like C. that D. though ( ) 14. Everyone _ in my class has been invited but they didnt ask me to join them. A. other B. others C. else D. another ( ) 15. _ me, all the other boys in my class went boating last week. A. Besides B. Beside C. Expect D. Except ( ) 16. I am very upset (心烦意乱的) and dont know _to do as I see this. A. what B. which C. why D. how完型填空： Once there was a father and a son. They were ill-tempered (坏脾气的) and never gave way to 1 One day the father decided to ask some friends to dinner in his house. He 2 his son to buy some meat in town. When the son got what his father wanted, turned 3 and walked towards the town gate. Just then a man was coming from the outside. The gate wasnt 4 enough to let two men in and out at the same time. But 5 of them would give way to the other. They 6 straight face to face inside the gate hour after hour. But the father was worried. “ What shall I do? My son hasnt 7 yet. I cant wait any longer.” He wanted to know what was the 8 with his son. So he left his friends at home, and went to town to look for his son. “ You may first take the 9 home for my friends. Let me stand against him 10 .” He said to his son when he knew what had happened. ( ) 1. A. one B. another C. other D. others ( ) 2. A. hoped B. told C. let D. wished ( ) 3. A. down B. over C. back D. off ( ) 4. A. long B. wide C. high D. narrow ( ) 5. A. either B. all C. both D. neither ( ) 6. A. stood B. went C. lay D. been ( ) 7. A. gone B. bought C. returned D. been ( ) 8. A. wrong B. accident C. thing D. matter ( ) 9. A. meat B. dinner C. bread D. money ( ) 10. A. politely B. instead C. safely D. kindly 阅读理解： Xia Mings Letter and the AnswersXia Ming was worried about his study, so he wrote a letter to a magazine:Dear editors, Im a slow student in my class. Most of my classmates are much better than me. So I get very stressed out. Its difficult to keep on working hard and its really not fun. And I think although I spend much time studying for the tests, I cant get good grades. My father gives me some help somet