教学论文 (2).doc

身势语在中学英语教学中的运用 曾 艳摘 要： 身势语,在课堂上被广泛运用。同时在中学英语教学中，它扮演着非常重要的角色，它可以增加语言信息输入的刺激强度，给学习者留下深刻的印象，是有声语言的重要补充。一方面，它能完全激励学生学习兴趣,也是与人交流的工具。身势语能担当非常好的帮手，英语学习也不再枯燥乏味。另一方面，教师能更好的了解学生，了解他们的思想、行为。因此，教师应发展读取学生身势语的技巧。不仅仅如此，身势语能帮助学生提高听、说、读、写的水平，帮助师生之间建立起良好的关系。在现代教学中，教师首先得做学生的朋友，而身势语缩小了师生间的差距。教师在教学中不要忽视身势语，它是与他人交流和表达自己的良好工具。它能帮助教师达到一个更高的教学目标，能促进师生间的互相了解。因此，在英语教学中，教师应重视身势语并合理地应用它。关键词：身势语； 英语教学； 英语课堂The Application of Body Language in English Teaching in Middle Schools Zeng YanAbstract: Body language has been widely used in communication in class. At the same time, it plays a very important role in English teaching in middle school. It can be vocal languages vital complement by intensifying the language information retention and leaving the students deeper impression. On one hand, it can completely stir the students. Moreover, it is a tool to communicate with others. Body language can be a very good helper in English teaching, so English study is not dull any more. On the other hand, the teachers can have a better understanding about the students, their thoughts and their behaviors. The teachers need to develop a skill to read the students body language. Moreover, it helps the students to improve listening,speaking, reading and writing level, meanwhile, the teachers and the students can develop a good relationship in the process. In modern teaching, the teachers need to be the students friends firstly, and body language narrows the gap between the teachers and the students. The teachers should never ignore it in English teaching. Because not only is it a good tool to communicate with others and express oneself, but it can help the teachers achieve a higher teaching goal and further mutual understanding between the teachers and the students. Therefore, in English class, the teachers should pay enough attention to body language and use it properly.Key Words: body language; English teaching; English classContents1. Introduction11.1 The brief introduction of body language11.2 The classification of body language12. The significance of applying body language in middle school22.1 Functions of body language in English teaching22.1.1 Stimulating the interest22.1.2 Enhancing the study effect32.1.3 Strengthening the practice effect32.2 The necessaity of using body language in middle school43. The concrete application of the body language53.1 The help of body language in improving listening53.2 The help of body language in improving speaking53.3 The help of body language in improving reading63.4 The help of body language in improving writing74. The principles of using body language74.1 Using body language in proper sequence84.2 Using body language properly84.3 Combing personal body language and common body language85. Conclusion9Bibliography10Acknowledgments111. IntroductionAs everyone knows, the classroom teaching is one of the most important ways that the students learn English. As far as the English teaching in the middle school is concerned, teachers have to arouse the students interest so that they may learn better. There are many ways to arouse the students interest and help them to learn better, body language used in English teaching is one of them. 1.1 The brief introduction of body languageWhat is body language? Body language is an important media through which people communicate with each other. It refers to the patterns of facial expressions, body movements and gestures that people use to express their meanings and feelings in communication. Body language, which has been used frequently and widely in all kinds of areas of education, is the movements, gestures and expressions that teachers often use in teaching activities. It directly affects a teachers teaching efficiency and level, as it is known that what or how the teachers say or do will be possibly imitated by the students, sometimes subconsciously. A teachers proper body language in teaching not only helps to improve the students artistic appreciation and moral character but also to motivate them to study the subject the teacher teaches, and to form an active and optimistic learning desire.The affection of teachers body language on the students can shorten the teacher-student estrangement, by which a more harmonious studying atmosphere is created. As a matter of fact, teachers friendly appearance of body language can greatly encourage the students studying enthusiasm，especially for the figurative. As a result, the students interest is motivated and the effect of teaching is greatly improved.The direct teaching method in foreign language teaching system particularly emphasizes that we should avoid using mother tongue and translationInstead, we should use such direct ways as movements，expression setting，and substances to replace the function of using mother language and translation. By doing that can we establish a “direct” bridge between meaning and language. So it is important to use body language in English.1.2 The classification of body languageThere are various forms in body language and much more contents in it. So teachers are required to analyze and classify it, to put its various forms in order and to master it skillfully and scientifically；thus we can make it more systematic, standard and operational.By bodys expressing parts and ways the body language can be divided into facial expression, limb movements, body postures.2. The significance of applying body language in middle schools Body language in English teaching is an effective way in terms of language teaching method in middle school, which can be proved either in language teaching or language theory or in practice. So by enforcing the study of body language and making it scientific and systematic, the body language will play a more important role in real classroom teaching and in teaching method research.2.1 Functions of using body language in English teachingBody language is one of rich expressive languages in the teaching language , especially in English teaching in middle schools, using the suitable body language not only can avoid using Chinese to explain English, but can promote the teachers and students to communicate, stimulate students interest ,enhance the teaching efficiency and strengthen the practice effect.2.1.1 Stimulating the interest As an old saying that interests are the best teacher. The teachers appliance does not focus on teaching itself only; and the students can absorb better if they study at their own will (Cooper.1988). It is going to be painful that they work hard on academic course just because the teachers expect them to do so. The teachers have to stimulate the students, and the way teachers use to motivate them can be very important. If the teachers have passion in class, they can offer the students positive studying attitude. I had one experience a year ago, when I was giving a class for the new recruited students, a little boy caught my attention. I was quite sure that he was so shy that he did not dare to open his mouth to say anything when I was teaching them pronunciation. From my knowledge about this kind of introverted students, they can be easily hurt inside. But if the teachers choose an appropriate way, they may help them develop a better personality. They read the teachers body language to know what they can get in class, what is important or unimportant, and what is commended or what is disallowed. By reading the teachers body language, the students can read the teachers mind. In short moment an audacious idea occurs to me I was sure that a lot of sermons were not suitable to help an introverted student get rid of his weakness. Why not to set him in an embarrassing situation? Maybe it will work. Then I came to that boy quietly and shouted to him with a finger pointing to his nose: “Are you a shy girl?” Boys do not want to be called like that，fortunately he gave me a negative answer and looked into my eyes with a weak voice: “No, Im not.” “Sorry, Icannot hear you, you dont want to be a shy girl, then can you prove it? Please be loud and tell me that again!” I beat my chest continuously with my right hand and raised my left hand erecting the index finger in the air, asked the boy to repeat the words “Im not shy” loudly. For a little moment, silence filled in as all the air around was frozen into cold ice. How eagerly I wished he could response, if not, I must get stuck in an embarrassing situation. Surprisingly he turned out to be totally another one. Maybe it is because he was too embarrassed that he did not want his behavior to betray his embarrassment before, all through the class time, he performed very actively.The strong study interest is the prime motive power in learning activity, it can stimulate and raise students study interest. Therefore, before each class, we should make good preparation so that the student can have the strong interest through a series of body language. For example, teach “What are you doing?”, you can design the following body language to the text content: let the student write, or dance together with you, students do the body language with teacher, listen and do warm up in the activities to enter the study condition, then it has made the natural upholstery for the new class and stimulated students study interest greatly. 2.1.2 Enhancing the study effect Now more and more young learners start to learn English. It is popular for them to learn English when they are still very young. They have no or little vocabulary. So if a teacher wants to teach them well，body language will play an important and necessary part in the teachingObviously, if the teacher can use body language well in teaching, it will be likely to lead the children to success in language learning and it will make the lessons a pleasant experience for them. For instance, when we are teaching the children how to say hello when they meet their friends，we can teach them to say “Hello” directly. Meanwhile，with the words we may shake their hands and smile to them. By observing these gestures, they will soon know how to greet when they meet their friends. Then when we teach “good morning and good evening” we can also make gestures. Then the children will understand that whats the meaning of “morning” and “evening”. Also they can practice these words with their classmates.There are many words which can be drawn out by the movement in the elementary English books. Like verb “sing, dance, sleep, walk”; noun “bird, tiger, duck, cat, dog”; adjective “long-short, thin-fat, bigsmall” and so on. All may be taught by the proper movement directly. Sometimes the teacher can also exaggerate them to let the students feel interested. In this way, the teaching effect will be improved.2.1.3 Strengthening the practice effectThe psychology research tells us, the student working with the full brain can stimulate students cerebral cortex and then the content is not easy to be forgotten. Therefore, reviewing and reinforcing in the teaching, you can design some practices frequently with the body language, helping the student to consolidate content and arise interest. Teaching many kinds of occupations, let the student look your body language, guess “What am I?” you read, the student says “You are reading.” Such other practice, guess the word according to the shape of the mouth and so on. So long as the teacher designs attentively, consolidates practices through the body language, certainly can enhance the teaching efficiency.2.2 The necessity of using body language in middle schoolEnglish teaching is a key part of school education. With the reform of the English teaching methods, more and more English teachers organize their teaching process in English, so that they may realize the communicative English in class. The communicative English also means that teachers instruct and explain basically in English, and the students are also required to use English in class contemporarily. However, the students in schools cant speak English very well; neither can they understand why they should use different tones in different time or situations. Besides, their vocabulary and expressive ability are limited, too. These limitations have made it difficult to realize the communicative English in classes.Applying body language is indispensable to thoroughly reflect English as a subject. Basing that, English faces the whole students and focuses on qualityoriented education. It especially emphasizes each students emotion, inspires his interest in English, assists him to form confidence in study and respects individuality. Body language can be used appropriately and successfully in those aspects. For pupils, applying body language can relieve their anxiety and stress brought about by limited vocabulary. For example, in the process of answering one question, teachers kind eyesight will encourage pupils to think it over seriously and give an answer calmly. Applying body language is essential to achieve English teaching target. Education administration draws up the following objectives: learning participation, cooperation and consultation; having curiosity in English; liking to listen to English; being able to play a simple role; comparing the difference among different countries or areas; knowing some custom and culture of foreign countries. All those depend on body language which can stimulate pupils interest and keep peculiar in study. Besides, applying body language can lead pupils to play games. Whats more, pupils can find out diversity in applying body language among cross-cultural custom.As mentioned above, we can learn that body language is an effective way to help students to learn English. It plays a very important role in English teaching in middle school. It can attract students attention and increase their interest perfectly. By using body language, students can understand better with each other. The use of body language in English teaching is necessary and practical. In the actual English teaching, body language is frequently used to improve the teaching effect and the students language ability.3. The concrete application of the body language Good teachers know instinctively how to use body language to communicate with the students both in and after the classIf you have ever got the opportunity to observe other teachers lessons，you might notice that one or two classroom performances stand outWhat is it that makes them different? Is it 1uck，talent，training or experience? Some teachers do have similar qualities of good actorsEffective teachers know instinctively how to use effective body languages to gain and hold students interestThey are also aware of the impact that body languages have upon students and are always looking for opportunities to incorporate these into their 1essons. They know how to use different body language in different situations.3.1 The help of body language in improving listening The Greek philosopher Epictetus ever said: “Nature has given man one tongue and two ears that he may hear twice as much as he speaks.” From the saying we can learn how important the listening is in our daily life. To understand others is a basic purpose in English teaching, and teachers often train the students listening accordingly. In this process, if the body language is used, the effect will be better. When beginning a new lesson, the teacher narrates the story outline in English. The body language may help. For example, a teacher can stretch his arms slowly when he says “She is in a very big room”; he can open his eyes widely with mouth opened when he says “She is so beautiful a lady”. As a result, the students will have such an impression: She is very beautiful indeed; a teacher who imitates the crying or the movement of the animals under the premise of teaching order will surely achieve a better effect.3.2 The help of body language in improving speakingThe spoken language is one of the important ways to communicate, so we should try to develop the students ability of speaking. Factually they are helped to reach the aim in a certain degree by their teachers body language.The contemporary emphasis is gradually laid on spoken English teaching. The first lesson of every unit in Senior English begins with dialogue. The teaching programs require the teachers to organize the class to practice English according to the characteristics of dialogue. Generally speaking, body language can arouse andsustain the students interest of learning and using English. In the English class, the teachers should not only use body languages themselves, but also ask the students to use them according to the different situation. Take it for example, the first lesson in Unit one, Book one is about the time when the new students first meet, and they dont know each other. So a teacher can introduce himself first, such as: “Hello, everyone, nice to meet you here. Now I will introduce myself to you. My name is Arthur. I like playing basketball, for, it makes me much stronger; I like playing chess, for, it makes me more clever; and I like reading books, for, reading makes one perfect“. During the introduction, the teacher should use the new vocabularies and sentence structures together with a vivid expression and mating gestures as possibly as he can. He smiles when he says hello to the class; he shakes hands with some students saying “Nice to meet you”; he writes name down on the blackboard; he imitates the action of dribbling and shooting at the basketball, playing chess and turning pages to explain his hobby. After his introduction, the teacher can create a circumstance for the students to practice: “Mary and Jack are new classmates. They are walking together in the street, and t