汉语言文学综合测试三.docx

题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分1_ construction is just the opposite of endocentric construction.答：Exocentric答案：Exocentric【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分2_ marking in Old English was not always related to the sex of the reference concerned.答：Gender答案：Gender【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：0分3Words are divided into simple, compound and derived words on the _ level.答：morpheme答案：morphemic【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分4The _ language of many countries is designated as the national or official language.答：standard答案：standard【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分5Lingustics is the scientific study of _. 答：human language答案：language【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分6The study of ongoing changes that languages have undergone is sometimes called historical and _ liguistics.答：comparative答案：comparative【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：0分7The pre-school years are a _ period for first language acquisition.答：crucial答案：critical【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分8A _ act is an act of uttering word, phrases, clauses. It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.答：prelocutionary答案：locutionary【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分9Consonants differ from vowels in that the latter are produced without_.答：obstruction答案：obstruction【题型：填空】【分数：1分】 得分：1分10Charge and accuse are said to be _ synonyms.答：collocational答案：collocational【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：2分11Minimal pair答：When two different phonetic forms are identical in every way except in one sound element that occurs in the same position in the string, the two form are said two form a minimal pair.答案：When two different phonetic forms are identical in every way except in one sound element that occurs in the same position in the string, the two forms are said two form a minimal pair.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：3分12Telegraphic speech答：Childrens telegraphic speech :Childrens early multiword speech that contains content words and lacks function words and inflectional morphemes that contains content words and lacks function words and inflectional morphemes答案：Childrens telegraphic speech: Childrens early multiword speech that contains content words and lacks function words and inflectional morphemesthat contains content words and lacks function words and inflectional morphemes.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：0分13Illocutionary act答：The illocutionary act is the act performed in the performing of a locutionary act. When we speak we not only produce some units of language with certain meanings, but also make clear our purpose in producing them, the way we intend them to be understood, or they also have certain forces as Austin prefers to say. In the example of “Morning!” we can say it has the force of a greeting, or it ought to have been taken as a greeting.答案：It is using a sentence to perform a function. for example, shoot the snake may be intended as an order or a piece of advice【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：2分14Design features答：Design features refers to defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any other animal system of communication .They are arbitrarinessp roductivity,displacement,cultural teansimission.答案：Design features refers to defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any other animal system of communication. They are arbitrariness, productivity, duality, displacement, cultural transimission【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：3分15Ethnic dialect答：It is a social dialect of a language, often cutting across regional difference.It is spoken mainly by a less privileged population that has experienced some form of social isolation, such as racial discrimination or segregation.答案：It is a social dialect of a language, often cutting across regional differences. It is spoken mainly by a less privileged population that has experienced some form of social isolation, such as racial discrimination or segregation.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：2分16Back clipping答：It means one or more are deleted form the end of the word.It is the most common type of clipping, like auto from automobile.答案：It means one or more are deleted from the end of the word. It is the most common type of clipping, like auto from automobile.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：3分17Truth condition答：It is the fact that would have to obtain in reality to make a proposition true or false.答案：It is the fact that would have to obtain in reality to make a proposition true or false.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：3分18Registers答：Language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations, in contrast to language varieties that are associated which the social or regional grouping of their customary users. Registers are also called situational dialects.答案：language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations, in contrast to language varieties that are associated with the social or regional grouping of their customary users. Registers are also called situational dialects【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：3分19vowel答：A vowel is a sound in forming which the air that comes from the lungs meets with no obstruction of any kind in the throat, the nose or the mouth.答案：A vowel is a sound in forming which the air that comes from the lungs meets with no obstruction of any kind in the throat, the nose or the mouth.【题型：名词解释】【分数：3分】 得分：2分20Predication答：Predication is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence. It is the basic unit in the semantic analysis of the a sentence. A predication consist of argument and predicate.答案：Predication is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence. It is the basic unit in the semantic analysis of the a sentence. A predication consist of argument and predicate.【题型：简答】【分数：10分】 得分：4分21What is the difference between a pidgin and Creole?答：A pidgin is a variety of language that is generally used by native speak-ers of other languages as a medium of communication. A pidgin is used for some practical pur-poses, such as trading, by groups of people who do not know each others languages. It is not a native lan-guage of a particular region, but only a marginal language used by people whose cultures are sharply separated and whose business contact is very spe-cialized. As a simplified language, a pid-gin involves reductions in sounds, vocabulary and syntax. Although pidgins are simplified languages, they are rule-governed.答案：variety of language|native speakers|medium of communication|practical purpose|native language|some speech community【题型：简答】【分数：10分】 得分：10分22How are sentence meaning and utterance meaning related, and how do they differ?答：The meaning of a sentence is abstract and de-contextualized, while the meaning of an utterance is concrete and context-dependent. Utterance meaning is based on sentence meaning, and it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication, or simply in a context.答案：realization|context|concrete【题型：判断】【分数：10分】 得分：0分23p is voiced bilabial stop.答：F答案：F【题型：判断】【分数：10分】 得分：0分24There is only one type of affixes in the English language.答：F答案：F【题型：单选】【分数：2分】 得分：2分25The sentence I like this shirt very much. has _arguments.AoneBtwoCthreeDfour答：B答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：2分】 得分：2分26The head of the phrase the city Rome is _.Athe cityBRomeCcityDthe city and Rome答：D答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：2分】 得分：2分27When asked by his teacher that he was laughing at, one student answered nothing. It is common knowledge that one will not laugh at nothing, so it is false and violates the maxim of _.AquantityBrelationCqualityDmanner答：C答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：2分】 得分：2分28When a word is employed as a medium of thinking by means of its conceptualizing system, we say it is used for _ communication.A. intrapersonalBinterpersonalCindividualDtextual答：A答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：2分】 得分：2分29The goal of _ is to explore the nature of language variation and language use among a variety of speech communities and different social situations.ApsycholinguisticsBsociolinguisticsChistorical lingui