英语论文-美国政治制度.doc

Title: The polity of Untied StateName：Zhiqiang Li Student No.：201672182Department：School of GeoSciencesMajor：Petroleum Geology ,Oil and Gas GeochemicalAdvisor：Qing ChenNovember 20, 2016Contents1 Branches of the federal government31.1 Legislative31.2 Judicial31.3 Executive32 American federalist system33 The main parties in the United States43.1 Republican Party43.2 Democratic Party43.3 Other Parties54 The last U.S. presidential election5The polity of Untied StateThe United States is a typical Federal State，A handful of bourgeois regime of control is the basic characteristics of American politics .These basic system mainly contains two aspects：On the one hand, the federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, judicial and executive; on the other hand, in the American federalist system ,citizen are usually subject to three levels of government , federal, state and local . The main parties in the United States including Republican Party and Democratic Party.1 Branches of the federal government1.1 LegislativeCongress，United State has the legislative authority. Be composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, Congress also has other some of the rights:(1) The law took effect need to pass by the senate and house of representatives , the final approval by the President(2) Congress can directly tax to the citizens.(3) Congress can start a war on behalf of the United States to other countries(4) The government officials cant be a Congressman(5) To impeach the President1.2 JudicialFederal Supreme Court of the United States has the judicial authority. It is The federal court systems highest case-hearing level and the highest judicial organ, is the only by the constitution of a federal court. In 1869, according to the law of congress by Chief Justice and judges 1 of 8 people, in the nine justices, one is the Chief Justice of the United States.1.3 ExecutiveObviously, we all know that the President of the United States works in the White House，POTUS has the executive authority. POTUS is the commander in-chief of the military, can veto legislative bills before the become law, and appoints the Cabinet and the officers, who administer and enforce federal laws and policies.POTUS serves a four-year term may be elected to the office no more than twice. The president is not elected by direct vote, but by an indirect electoral college system in which the determining votes are apportioned by state .2 American federalist systemAmerican federalist system is a complicated process，its features includes checks and balances.(1) the country with the highest legislative, administrative and judicial organs, the exercise of state power, the federal unit has its own legislative, administrative and judicial organs, there is no subordinate relationship between the authorities and the central authorities;(2) the state has a unified constitution and basic laws, within the context of this premise and the scope of the various federal units have their own constitution and laws;(3) the nationality of the people of both the federal nationality and the members of the federation;(4) the Federation is the main body of international politics, the diplomatic power belongs to the central government, but in the scope of the constitution, the federal members can also have a certain independence of foreign exchanges.3 The main parties in the United States窗体顶端There are many legitimate parties in the United States，but the main parties in the United States including Republican Party and Democratic Party. They all have rich consortium support, take turns to master the White House.3.1 Republican PartyThe Republican Party was founded in 1854. For the first time in 1861, Abraham Lincoln became President, republican government. Later in 1933 to more than 70 years, in addition to 16 years, the republican party has presided over the White House. After 1933, have had Dwight Eisenhower, and Richard Nixon, ford, Ronald Reagan, George Bush and in power. The republican national committee chairman is Reince Priebus. Generally in the presidential election voters to vote for the party candidate for the party. 3.2 Democratic PartyDemocratic Party democracy republican predecessor was founded in 1792, Thomas Jefferson, the early founding of the main representative of southern slave owners, western agricultural entrepreneurs and northern medium the interests of the bourgeoisie. In the early 19th century, the democratic republican split occurred, who claim to be the national republican, later renamed the whig party. Represented by Andrew Jackson school was established in 1828, the Democrats, formal name for the Democrats in 1840. A split in the late 1850 s, the Democratic Party, part of the northern Democrats to participate in the form of the anti-slavery republican party. The opposition between 1861 and 1885. 48 years from 1885 to 1933, the party in power for 16 years, successively by Cleveland, President Wilson. Beginning in 1933, democrat Franklin d. Roosevelt, Truman, John f. Kennedy, Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, and barack Obama elected President. Democrat voters vote their candidate is. The current national committee chairman is Debbie Schultz .3.3 Other PartiesOthers Parties like United States Green Party, Reform Party of the United States of America, the communism Party of United States of America, while they are legitimate political Party, but the basic are the middle class and poor class, without support by wealthy consortium, in fact there is no chance to govern .4 The last U.S. presidential electionThe British The Economist published an article in September 5th ，The subtitle is “Why do you say Trump is dangerous “. This article points out the many ironic contents. The shrewd businessman rich in the experience of reality TV show with a few political experience , Want to be the commander of the United States？”On November 9, 2016, republican Party candidate, Donald Trump was elected President of the United States, the republican vice presidential candidate, Indiana governor Mike Pence was elected to be a new vice President of the United States .But people are not optimistic for Donald trump was elected President of the United States , some of his irrational and unscientific speech disputed by everyone, these including exiting Paris convention ，says that “every country to do business with us means s