2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit1Culturalrelics（含解析）新人教版.docx

Cultural relics李仕才一、阅读理解 A visit to Australia would not be complete without taking the chance to see some of these animals in their natural environment. Frilled Lizard The Frilled Lizard is found in the eastern and northern parts of Australia, living within the bush. The Frilled Lizards frill normally hangs around its neck, and is made out of a flap of skin. When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous. Bandicoot There are several species of Bandicoot around Australia, and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal. Bandicoots are small creatures only about the size of a rat and eat small insects and plants. Several of the Bandicoots around Australia include the Eastern Barred Bandicoot, which is now rare around Australia and the Southern Brown Bandicoot found in eastern and western parts of Australia. Koala Koalas are small bear­like creatures that live along the east coast of Australia, with their habitat amongst(在之中) the famous Eucalyptus trees. However, koalas only like to eat a small percentage of the Eucalyptus trees found aroundAustralia. Koalas have hard black noses, with sharp claws and a thick furry coat and can grow to a weight of about 10kg. Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala. Dingo Dingoes are found in various areas across Australia, and unlike domestic dogs they do not bark. Instead,the Dingo makes a howling sound that is very particular. Dingoes generally eat mice, rabbits and rats, although sometimes they can also attack livestock when hungry.1.When in danger the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill to _.A.look more beautifulB.make itself comfortableC.frighten its enemyD.attract the opposite sex2.What does the underlined word “nocturnal” mean in the passage?A.Dangerous when attacked.B.Active at night.C.Small in size.D.Gentle in the daytime.3.According to the passage, which animal likes resting in the tree?A.Frilled Lizard.B.Dingo.C.Bandicoot.D.Koala.参考答案： 1.C; 2.B; 3.D解析： 1.细节理解题。根据原文对Frilled Lizard 的描述“When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous.”可知,当Frilled Lizard遇到危险的时候会raise its frill其目的是为了吓唬来犯的动物。2.词义理解题。根据原文对Bandicoot的描述“and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal.”可知,尽管偶尔在白天可以看到它们,由此推断出它们主要还是通常在夜晚活动,因此可知划线单词的意思与B项的解释最接近。3.细节理解题。根据原文“Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala.”可知Koala通常在树上睡觉。二、单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.答案：that分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。2(2017天津高考)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.答案：whose分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后名词存在所属关系，故应用whose。3Mr Reed _ (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them.答案：selected由句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。select与其所修饰的Mr Reed之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此填selected。4It was clearly _(evidence) that the company was in great difficulties.答案：evidentIt is/was evident that . 是常用句型，意为“很明显”。5Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how _(survive) without friends in life.答案：to survive“疑问词动词不定式”在本句中作表语，how to survive “怎么生存”。6I dont really fancy _ (do) business with him.答案：doingfancy doing . “想要做”。7He was severely criticized and _ (remove) from his post.答案：removedremove sb. from his post “开除某人”，此处是被动语态，因此填removed。8It is said that the early European playing cards _ (design) for entertainment and education.答案：were designedbe designed for “为而设计”。9We _(face) the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?答案：could have faced由后一分句可知，前一分句谓语应用could have done结构，表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”。10All the workers _(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.答案：belonging由句子结构可知，此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式，workers与belong to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词belonging to作后置定语。belong to无被动语态。三、完形填空It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will _1_ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and _2_ to climb further.With a broad _3_，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(瘫痪) in both legs and was _4_ funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully，he could _5_ a training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of _6_ and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the _7_ money.After a few days，he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for accommodation.This time I was more or less _8_ he was not cheating me.I gave him some and said，“This is all I have.”A year went by and I had moved to a(n) _9_ place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.Caller called out his name but I didnt _10_ him.Then he said he was the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago.I asked him how he was doing.He said，“What sir, you recognize me not by my name but by my _11_ state.”“With your kind help I am now able to _12_ on my legs without support.I was operated _13_.I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable _14_.”I dont _15_ remember if I gave him my phone number._16_，what he said next was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didnt feel cheated and would continue to help people _17_ in the future.I dont know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were _18_ down my face.That day I promised him I would continue to help people as I saw a(n) _19_small or big._20_ a lifechanged event of my life.1A.send BbreakCbring Dturn2A.struggling BsubstitutingCplaying Dwalking3A.look BsmileCview Dwhisper4A.finding BraisingCseeking Dearning5A.pretend BintendCattend Dtend6A.interests BmindsCworries Ddoubts7A.remaining BleftChiding Dforgotten8A.informed BpreparedCconvinced Doutspoken9A.new BoldCsystematic Dbad10A.remind BrecognizeCreplace Drepeat11A.excited BmessedCdisabled Dstressed12A.live BbaseCfocus Dstand13A.successfully BsurprisinglyChopefully Dnaturally14A.reason BpromiseCcharacter Djob15A.also BevenCalready Donly16A.Therefore BOtherwiseCHowever DMeanwhile17A.in need Bin placeCin favor Din advance18A.bringing BputtingCrunning Dpulling19A.behavior BcaseCaccident Dopportunity20A.Strangely BTrulyCGenerally DOriginally【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一次无意间的帮助改变了一位瘫痪者的一生。这件事也改变了作者的人生，让他决定继续帮助那些有困难的人。1D考查动词短语辨析。此处指作者从未想过一个小小的帮助最后竟成为他曾做过的最令自己满意的一件事。四个选项都能与out组成固定短语。turn out意为“结果是，最后成为”，符合语境。send out意为“发出”；break out意为“爆发”；bring out意为“生产，出版”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。2A考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“paralyzed (瘫痪)”可知，他瘫痪了，所以此处应指他努力往前爬。A项意为“努力，挣扎”，符合语境。B项意为“替换”；C项意为“玩”；D项意为“走”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。3B考查名词辨析。根据前面的“broad”可知，此处应指他咧嘴微笑着。B项意为“微笑”，符合语境。A项意为“表情”；C项意为“观点”；D项意为“耳语”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。4B考查动词辨析。根据上句中的“help him with some money”可知，此处应指他在筹集手术资金。B项意为“筹集”，符合语境。A项意为“找到”；C项意为“寻找”；D项意为“挣得”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。5C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处应指如果手术成功了，他就能参加能让他得到一份工作的培训。C项意为“参加”，符合语境。A项意为“假装”；B项意为“打算”；D项意为“往往会”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。6D考查名词辨析。根据本句中的“even asked him to show his legs”可知，作者要求看看他的腿，所以对他所说的话应该是充满了怀疑。D项意为“怀疑”，符合语境。A项意为“兴趣”；B项意为“思想”；C项意为“担心”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。7A考查形容词辨析。此处指作者把手上剩余的钱都给了他。A项意为“剩余的”，符合语境。B项意为“剩下的”，不作前置定语；C项意为“隐藏的”；D项意为“被遗忘的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。8C考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“he was not cheating me”和下句中的“gave him some”可知，作者给了他一些钱，有几分确信他并没有骗自己。C项意为“确信的，信服的”，符合语境。A项意为“见多识广的”；B项意为“准备好的”；D项意为“坦率的，直言不讳的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。9A考查形容词辨析。根据上文的“moved to”及下文作者接到一个陌生电话可知，作者搬到了一个新地方。A项意为“新的”，符合语境。B项意为“旧的”；C项意为“系统化的”；D项意为“坏的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。10B考查动词辨析。根据本句中的转折连词“but”及下文中的“you recognize me not by my name”可知，打电话的人报出了自己的名字，但作者并没有认出他来。B项意为“认出”，符合语境。A项意为“提醒”；C项意为“代替”；D项意为“重复”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。11C考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Then he said he was the very paralyzed person”可知，作者不是通过他的名字而是通过他瘫痪的情况认出了他。C项意为“残疾的”，符合语境。A项意为“兴奋的”；B项意为“混乱的”；D项意为“有压力的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。12D考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“without support”可知，此处指他不需要支架就可以自己站起来。D项意为“站立，站起来”，符合语境。live意为“居住”；base意为“基于”；focus意为“关注”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。13A考查副词辨析。根据上一句可知，他现在能够站起来，所以手术成功了。A项意为“成功地”，符合语境。B项意为“令人惊奇地”；C项意为“有希望地”；D项意为“自然地”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。14D考查名词辨析。根据常识及上文中提到的“guaranteeing him a job”可推断出，他结婚了，还有了一份稳定的工作。D项意为“工作”，符合语境。A项意为“理由”；B项意为“允诺”；C项意为“性格”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。15B考查副词辨析。根据语境及上文中的“A year went by”可知，此处指作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码。B项意为“甚至”，符合语境。故答案选B。16C考查副词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码，但是他接下来说的话却令人感动。C项意为“然而”，表示转折，符合语境。A项意为“因此”；B项意为“否则”；D项意为“与此同时”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。17A考查短语辨析。根据语境可知，这位曾经瘫痪的人想将钱还给作者，这样作者就不会感觉到自己被骗从而以后可以放心去帮助那些有困难的人。A项意为“在危难中的”，符合语境。B项意为“在适当的位置”；C项不是短语；D项意为“提前”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。18C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处是指眼泪流过作者的脸庞。四个选项都能与down组成短语。run down意为“往下流”，符合语境。bring down意为“降低，打倒”；put down意为“镇压，记下”；pull down意为“拉下来，摧毁”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。19D考查名词辨析。根据语境及本句中的“small or big”可知，此处表示只要有机会，无论大小，作者都会继续帮助他人。D项意为“机会”，符合语境。A项意为“行为”； B项意为“事例”；C项意为“事故”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。20B考查副词辨析。根据全文内容以及第一段第一句可知，此处与第一句相呼应，指的是这的确是改变了作者一生的事情。B项意为“确实，的确”，符合语境。A项意为“奇怪地”；C项意为“大体上地”；D项意为“起初”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。四、单句改错1The boys behavior was high thought of by all the people present._答案：highhighlythink highly of . “高度评价”。2What can we do for them in return all the help they have given us?_答案：return后加forin return for . “作为对的回报”。3It is very worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection._答案：verywellbe well worth doing . “非常值得做”。4The rescue workers removed the stones in search for any survivor._答案：forofin search of . “寻找”。5There is no doubt what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other job in the society._答案：doubt后加thatThere is no doubt that . “毫无疑问”。五、七选五Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 3 They help the body defend itself against so